The September 18th Incident (also known as the Fengtian Incident and the Liutiaohu Incident) was a war of aggression against China deliberately created and launched by Japan in the northeast of China, and it was the beginning of Japanese imperialist aggression against China.
/KOOC-0/93/KOOC-0/September/8, 2008/KOOC-0/8, under the arrangement of the Japanese Kwantung Army, the railway "guard" blew up the Nanman railway track near Shenyang Liutiao Lake (built by China and later occupied by Japan) and planted the Japanese army.
The Japanese army used this as an excuse to shell Shenyang Beidaying on the grounds of "September 18th Incident". The next day, the Japanese army invaded Shenyang and successively invaded the three northeastern provinces.
1February 932, the whole northeast fell. From then on, the Japanese established the puppet regime of Manchukuo in the northeast of China, and began to enslave and colonize the northeast people for 14 years.
The "September 18th Incident" was the inevitable result of Japanese imperialism's long-term policy of aggression and expansion against China, and it was also an important step to turn China into its exclusive colony. At the same time, it marked the beginning of the world anti-fascist war and kicked off the eastern battlefield of World War II.
2. Guangdong and Guangxi events
The Guangdong-Guangxi Incident, also known as the "June 1st Incident", was an incident launched by Chen, a powerful faction in Guangdong, and Li Zongren and Bai Chongxi, a powerful faction in Guangxi, in 1936 (the 25th year of the Republic of China) to oppose Chiang Kai-shek's annexation of local forces.
Since 1932 (the 21st year of the Republic of China), the warlord forces in Guangdong and Guangxi have been relying on Hu's prestige to divide one side to confront the Nanjing National Government.
1May, 936 12, Hu died. Chiang Kai-shek wanted to take the opportunity to solve the problem of Guangdong and Guangxi, so he sent him to Guangdong to mourn Hu Zhiji and asked Chen to return the military and political power of Guangdong and Guangxi to the central government. Chen refuses to accept, and decides to strike first, and unite Li Zongren and Bai Chongxi to send troops against Chiang in the name of anti-Japanese.
On June 1936 and 1 day, the Southwest Executive Department and the Southwest Administrative Committee submitted petitions to the Kuomintang Central Committee and the National Government requesting permission to resist Japan. 4th, Chen,, Li Zongren, etc. Announced the anti-Japanese national salvation, set up a military commission, and renamed the two armies of Guangdong and Guangxi the Anti-Japanese Salvation Army, with Chen Ren as Chairman and Commander-in-Chief and Li Zongren as Deputy.
Then, the armies of Guangdong and Guangxi marched into Hunan. Chiang Kai-shek hastily dispatched two armies to intercept, and civil war was imminent. At the same time, Chiang Kai-shek stepped up his efforts to buy and carve up Guangdong. By the beginning of July, some planes of the Guangdong Air Force had flown to Chiang Kai-shek, and Yu Hanmou, the commander of the Guangdong Army 1 Army, also electrified to support the Nanjing Central Committee, and the inland of Guangdong began to fall apart.
13 The Second Plenary Session of the Fifth Kuomintang Central Committee decided to cancel the Southwest Executive Department and the Southwest Political Committee, appointed Yu Hanmou as the director of Guangdong appeasement, and removed Chen from his post.
Chen Jianchao fled to Hong Kong on 18. Since then, Chiang Kai-shek sent troops to crusade against Guangxi in an attempt to unify Guangxi by force. After mediation by all parties, Jiang and Guangxi reached a compromise, and the Guangdong-Guangxi Incident came to an end.
3. July 7th Incident
1On the night of July 7th, 937, when the Japanese army was exercising near Lugou Bridge in the southwest of Beiping, they asked to enter Wanping County for a search on the pretext that a soldier was "missing", but 29 army, the defender of China, refused. The Japanese army then shot at the defenders of China and shelled the ancient city of Wanping. The 29th Army rose up against Japan. This is the July 7th Incident that shocked China and foreign countries, also known as the Lugouqiao Incident.
The July 7th Incident was the beginning of Japanese imperialism's full-scale war of aggression against China and the starting point of the Chinese nation's full-scale war of resistance.
4. The August 13th Incident
The August 13th Incident refers to an event deliberately created by Japanese imperialism to expand the war of aggression against China in Shanghai, China for a long time after the July 7th Incident in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression.
After the August 13th Incident, the Japanese army attacked Shanghai, which directly threatened Chiang Kai-shek's ruling center, Nanjing, and also threatened the interests of British and American imperialism in China, forcing the Kuomintang government to dispatch troops and implement the anti-Japanese policy. Since then, China's soldiers and civilians have waged a heroic battle against the Japanese invaders.
5. Southern Anhui Incident
1940 1 June19, Chiang Kai-shek instructed He and Bai Chongxi to call Zhu De and Peng of the Eighth Route Army and Ye Ting and Xiang Ying of the New Fourth Army in the name of the Chief of Staff of the Military Commission of the Kuomintang government, forcing them to go north within1month.
165438+1October 9, Zhu De, Peng, Ye Ting and Xiang Ying wired He and Bai Chongxi to refute the unreasonable demands of the Kuomintang, but for the sake of the overall situation, they still promised to send the troops of the New Fourth Army in southern Anhui to the north of the Yangtze River. Chiang Kai-shek ignored this and ordered Gu and Shangguan Yunxiang in the third war zone to "solve" the New Fourth Army in Jiangnan immediately as planned.
194 1 year 65438+1October 4th, more than 9,000 people directly under the New Fourth Army in southern Anhui began to move northward under the leadership of Ye Ting and Xiang Ying. 654381October 6, when the troops arrived in Maolin area of Jingxian County in southern Anhui, they were suddenly attacked by about 80,000 men from 7 divisions of the Kuomintang. The New Fourth Army fought bravely and fought fiercely for 7 days and nights. Eventually, due to the disparity in quantity, it ran out of ammunition and food. In addition to Fu leading more than 2,000 people to break through, a few were captured and most of them died heroically.
The commander Ye Ting was captured; Deputy commander Xiang Ying and chief of staff Zhou Zikun were killed after the breakthrough; Yuan, director of the political department, passed away. This is the Southern Anhui Incident that shocked China and foreign countries, and it is the peak of the second anti-* * climax of Kuomintang.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Guangdong and Guangxi Events
Baidu Encyclopedia-Southern Anhui Incident
Baidu Encyclopedia-July 7th Incident
Baidu Encyclopedia-September 18th Incident
Baidu Encyclopedia-August 13th Incident