Rhetorical techniques:
1. Metaphor: compare one thing or situation to another. It can be divided into simile, metaphor and metonymy. It has the function of highlighting the characteristics of things and visualizing abstract things.
“Looking at the Dongting landscape, I see a green snail in the silver plate” (Liu Yuxi’s “Looking at the Dongting”)
The poem cleverly uses “snail” as a metaphor to describe the mountains under the bright moonlight. Compared to a green snail on a silver plate, the color is light and elegant, and the landscape is integrated into one.
2. Metaphorism: Borrowing related things to replace the things to be expressed. Metaphorism can use part to represent the whole, concrete to replace abstract, and characteristics to replace people. The use of metonymy makes the language concise and implicit.
"Do you know, do you know? It should be green, fat, red and thin" (Li Qingzhao's "Like a Dream")
In the poem, the two colors "green" and "red" are used instead. Leaves and flowers, write about the lushness of leaves and the withering of flowers.
3. Exaggeration: Expand or reduce the description of the image, characteristics, function, degree, etc. of things. It has the function of expressing things more prominently and vividly.
"The white hair is three thousand feet long, and the sorrow seems to be long" (Li Bai's "Qiupu Song")
Worry causes white hair, the poet uses an exaggerated technique to write that the white hair is "three thousand feet long" "It's so long, which shows how deep the sorrow is.
4. Duality uses a pair of sentences or phrases with the same structure and the same number of words to express two relative or similar meanings. From the form point of view, the language is concise, neat and symmetrical; from the content point of view, the meaning is concentrated and implicit.
"The boundless falling trees are rustling, and the endless Yangtze River is rolling in" (Du Fu's "Deng Gao")
In terms of the composition and structure of this poem, this poem has four lines and eight lines, each line is The confrontation is smooth and natural, with no traces of chiseling. The "boundless fallen trees" and the "endless Yangtze River" make the artistic conception of the poem seem broad and far-reaching, and the "whispering" sound of fallen leaves and the "rolling" water force make people feel more spectacular. More importantly, we can feel the pain of the poet's time passing by and his ambition hard to realize.
5. Analogy: To describe things as people is called personification, or to describe people as things is called object mimicry. Comparison has the effect of prompting readers to make associations and making the described people, objects, and events more vivid and vivid.
"The frost bird steals its eyes when it wants to come down, and the white butterfly knows how to join and break its soul" (Lin Bu's "Little Plum in the Mountain Garden")
This couplet uses anthropomorphic techniques. "First steal the eyes" expresses how much the white crane loves the plum blossoms. It can't wait to peek at the plum blossoms before it can fly down; The affection is exaggerated to the extreme.
6. Parallelism: Say several sentences or phrases in succession that are closely related in content, have the same or similar structure, and have a consistent tone.
"Withered vines, old trees, dim crows, small bridges and flowing water, people's houses, sunset and west wind, thin horses" (Ma Zhiyuan's "Tianjingsha")
Purely use noun combinations to form a typical environment
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7. If you ask a question, ask the question first, and then express your opinion. Questions are introduced to drive the whole article. Questions are asked in the middle to connect the previous and the following. Questions are asked at the end to deepen the theme and make people recall.
"Ask the world who is the hero? There is wine by the river, and Cao Gong." (Yuan Opera Xiaoling, composed by Aruwei)
Start with a question, click The title is clearly stated, and the heroic deeds of the characters of the Three Kingdoms are described in layers below.
8. Rhetorical questions express definite meanings in the form of questions. Used to strengthen tone and express strong feelings.
"Although the disciples of Jiangdong are here today, are they willing to come back for the king?" (Wang Anshi's "Die Ti Wujiang Pavilion")
Using a rhetorical question style and a cold tone, emphasizing the importance of history inevitable.
9. Qixingxing is to preface other things to trigger the chanting words,
"There are fifty strings of brocade strings for no reason, one string and one column reflect the Chinese years" (Li Shangyin's "Jin Se")
The first couplet uses the harp as a musical instrument, which makes people think about the "Chinese Years".