Many people with extraordinary memories have a persistent habit of memorizing knowledge. Marx likes reciting poems. Since he was a teenager, he insisted on reciting poems in a foreign language he was not familiar with. Over time, his memory became stronger and stronger. Lev tolstoy has an amazing memory. Someone asked him why, and he explained that it was because he had to recite some words or other knowledge every morning. He said: "Recitation is the gymnastics of memory".
(2) Reading aloud, reciting and memorizing
Read it again and again until you are familiar with it. This method is called reading aloud, also called reading aloud. Reading poems and foreign words aloud has a good memory effect. But it would be better to combine reading with reciting. For example, psychologists have done an experiment: write 16 meaningless syllables, let the subjects remember them for 9 minutes, and then recall them immediately. The subjects who spent all their time reading aloud in the afternoon could only recall 35% at that time; And 1/5 time is used for reciting, which can recall 50%; If you spend 2/5 of your time reciting, you can recall 57%; If you spend 4/5 of your time reciting, you can recall 74%. Similarly, these meaningless syllables are memorized for 9 minutes and then recalled after 4 hours. Only 15% can be recalled all the time. 1/5 time spent reciting, can recall 26%; If you spend 2/5 of your time reciting, you can recall 37%; If you recite it in 3/5 time, you can recall 37%; Four fifths of the time is spent on reciting. Can recall 48%.
(3) covering the key parts of mnemonics.
Cover the material content that you think is difficult to remember with a pen or paper, and those covered parts will naturally disappear. When you look at these materials again, you can figure out what is covered. If you really can't remember, take off the pen or paper, repeat it several times, and then remember it.
The first and last mnemonics
There is an experiment in psychology: make up 15 meaningless words, set the order and repeat it several times in this order, each time mark them with "√", and mark them with "×" if you can't remember them. The experimental results show that almost all of them are in the seventh or eighth word in the middle, and there are more "X" symbols. In other words, the first part and the last part are easy to remember, while some words in the middle are difficult to remember no matter how many times they are repeated.
(5) unilateral gymnastics memory method
Unilateral gymnastics memory method is a method to enhance memory by doing exercises on the left side of the body frequently and giving full play to the role of the right side of the brain. Psychological experiments show that the functions of the left and right brains are different. The right hemisphere of the brain is equivalent to an image storage system, which mainly stores various image data, such as graphics, flashes, music, vibration and other information. The left hemisphere of the brain is equivalent to a word storage system, which mainly remembers languages, words and abstract symbols. The division of labor between the two hemispheres is not absolute, but interrelated, coordinated and complementary. The right hemisphere dominates the left hemisphere and the left hemisphere dominates the right hemisphere. Most people like to use their right hands, which leads to uneven development. The purpose of unilateral gymnastics introduced below is to strengthen the role of the right hemisphere of the brain in order to assume the function of the left hemisphere. Doing unilateral gymnastics, strengthening the function of the right hemisphere and reducing the burden on the left hemisphere, and using both hemispheres together will receive amazing memory effects. In the first quarter, stand absorbed. Hold your left hand tightly, press your left wrist hard, bend your arm, lift it slowly, and then gradually restore it. Practice 8 times repeatedly. In the second quarter, lie on your back, lift your left leg straight up, and tilt your raised leg to the left, so as not to touch the bed. Then restore in the reverse order. Practice 8 times repeatedly. The third quarter, upright. Lift the left arm horizontally, then lift it, then lift it, keep the head still, then restore it and practice it for 8 times. In the fourth quarter, stand upright, lie on the left side of your body, support with your left hand and toes, straighten your left arm, and make your body lie on the straight side. Bend your left knee and get up slowly. Repeat 8 times. Fifth, lie prone, stand on tiptoe, and support your body with your palms and toes to do push-ups for 8 times. The above five unilateral gymnastics should be practiced 1~2 times a day.
(6) Dialogue memory method
Discussing and talking about the latest memory knowledge with classmates is the most effective memory method. When you speak, the content of knowledge will make your memories that are still deeply rooted and unconfident become real memories after you speak, and they will be more firmly imprinted in your mind. Whether it is a slightly vague memory or a confident and correct memory, it can be discussed. Even if you read the same material, because everyone's understanding ability is different, maybe your classmates know it clearly; On the contrary, where you know very well, your classmates may be vague. So this kind of dialogue can complement each other's weaknesses in memory. And when we want to tell what we know, we will feel that there is a lack of complete arrangement in our memory. These shortcomings can be made up by talking. If there is no one to talk to, you can take the wall or something else as the object you like to listen to.
(7) Memory methods of the two hemispheres of the brain
When we are studying, we often have the experience that books and newspapers with illustrations, charts and other illustrations are particularly memorable when studying. On the contrary, when reading books and newspapers without illustrations or charts, it is the same as logical thinking with only words, that is, only the left hemisphere of the brain is named, while the right hemisphere is idle, so the memory is not as profound as using both hemispheres of the brain at the same time. This truth tells us that in memory, we should change the habit of logical thinking only by words, and at the same time think in images according to the content of the materials or things we have learned. The way is to show pictures in your mind like a movie, so that both hemispheres of your brain can think at the same time. Reading can not only relax and enjoy, but also enhance memory.
(8) Speaking Chinese by foreign language memorization.
It is an effective way to remember loanwords by properly inserting loanwords or phrases when speaking Chinese. Someone asked, "which country is this made?" Answer: "It says Made in China". Memorizing the spelling of foreign words or phrases by pronunciation will deepen memory. Accustomed to this method, I often use this memory method of inserting foreign languages in my daily life. However, don't insert too many foreign words into a sentence, otherwise, it will weaken the memory impression. Besides, it doesn't have to come from our mouths. When we are walking or sitting, we can put foreign words in our minds in a sentence, and this method will have the same effect in meditation.
(9) Emergency memory method
When people concentrate on memory, their own inertia interference, self-repression and emotional fluctuation interference can all be reduced to the lowest point, and the potential memory ability is of course easy to be developed after breaking through these interferences and repression, so the memory efficiency is often twice or even three or four times that of usual. This mainly emphasizes cherishing time, realizing the value of one minute, and enhancing the ability to enter the memory state wholeheartedly.
(10) list memory method
The list is to concentrate the materials separately and put them in the right place in the list. Often a table is sorted out and organized clearly, and the brain remembers it. List memory has a wide range of applications and various types. The commonly used ones are: list: that is, from the overall point of view, take a bird's eye view of memory materials, master their relationships, and name them in comprehensive memory. System table: the naming and memory materials are systematized, which is convenient for overall mastery and overall memory. Comparison table: that is, compare and classify memory materials and master knowledge materials from their characteristics. Statistical table: that is, the memory materials with data are made into tables. Relationship table: that is, the relationship between knowledge is expressed by simple schema, which is convenient for image memory. Network diagram: that is, using charts to highlight the relationship between various aspects of knowledge. Schematic diagram: draw the materials to be memorized. When drawing, the lines should be concise, the concept should be novel, and the effect is better with colored pens.
(1 1) homophonic image memory method
The so-called homophonic memory method is to understand some knowledge according to other homophonic Chinese characters and turn meaningless syllables into meaningful words. Make it lively and interesting, and get unexpected results. It is often interesting to remember some historical periods by homophonic method. Marx was born in 18 18 and died in 1883, which can be recorded as "going up the mountain". You can also remember the following English words in a visual way: Sunflower Sunflower StepOther Stepfather Stepfather Brother-in-law Sister-in-law. If you encounter uncommon words in the college entrance examination, you can guess by this method. Memorizing the solution set of absolute value inequality by homophonic method: │ x │ > a x > a or X.
(12) inductive combination memory method
This method can be used to remember the single mark of any foreign language with pinyin structure. That is, some words with the same pronunciation and letter combination are summarized according to their prefixes or suffixes, and arranged in groups of 5-7. Then, from easy to difficult, try to give an example of an English word by screening memory.
A. [t ∫] words ending in -ch: each (respectively); Lunch (lunch); Reach switch (open). B. words with the sound -ter [t э]: letter]; Winter (winter); The Writer's Quarter.
C. words ending in [∫э]: station education; Revolution; Production (production). You can take some words as difficult words and recite them several times. If someone does not arrange by suffix or prefix, they can also arrange by the same "letter combination" in the middle of the word, taking the letter "ee" as an example: keep meeting (meeting); Week; Jeeps ... and so on. Some people combine synonyms or antonyms to remember when arranging groups, and the effect is also very good. For example: bright, dark, clean and dirty; Small (small), digging (big); Small, big and so on.
(13) repeated memory method
"Repetition is the mother of learning", and memory is carried out in repetition, which is one of the most powerful weapons in the struggle against forgetting. Forgetting is the indifference or disappearance of memory "trace", and repetition can strengthen the "trace" of cerebral cortex. Repetitive learning can not only repair and consolidate memory, but also deepen understanding. If you want to say something, read a book a hundred times and you will understand its meaning. This is a fact. Using this method, it is necessary to arrange the number and interval of repetition scientifically in order to obtain the best effect.
(14) formula memory method
Premier Zhou Enlai once compiled four formulas for memorizing China provinces, which were quickly remembered by guards with low educational level: two lakes, two rivers and two mountains, three rivers, Yunnan-Guizhou, Ji 'an, Shuangning, going north for four days, New West Black, Mongolia, Shaanxi, Qinghai and Gansu. The first sentence is about Hunan, Hubei, Guangdong, Guangxi, Henan, Hebei, Shandong and Shanxi. The second sentence refers to Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou, Jilin, Fujian and Anhui. The third sentence is about Liaoning, Ningxia, Sichuan, Taiwan Province, Tianjin, Beijing and Shanghai. The fourth sentence is about Xinjiang, Tibet, Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Qinghai and Gansu. When learning chemistry, you must remember the valence of common elements, which is very difficult to remember in bits and pieces. If they are woven into a formula, it will be much easier to remember: "monovalent sodium hydrogen, potassium silver, divalent magnesium oxide, calcium barium zinc, copper mercury one two, iron two three, carbon tin aluminum two four search, sulfur negative two four six, nitrogen phosphorus negative three to five, halogen negative one three five seven, trivalent remember boron lead gold."
(15) Listen to my recording memory method
Listening to your own recordings over and over again while reciting the same knowledge or making sounds in your mind, just like the effect of * * *, will strengthen your memory. In particular, memorizing foreign words is just a monotonous sound, so it is better to add auditory stimulation. In this way, you can remember it quickly.
(16) Singular Associative Memory Method
Only silicon dioxide is insoluble in acid oxides, and the rest are soluble. It can be remembered that only sand (silica) is insoluble. Learn the English word good. When it is associated with bad, it is easy to remember. After learning the left-handed rule in physics, it is easy to remember what the right-handed rule is. It is easy to remember when you learn the force and relate it to the content of the reduction reaction.
(17) Piecewise Learning Memory Method
It is to divide the study materials into one paragraph, recite one paragraph and then recite another. There are three kinds of segmented learning memory methods: pure segmented learning memory method, progressive segmented learning memory method, learning memory method and repeated segmented learning memory method. Reciting the whole text in sections, we are in no hurry to face the whole text at once. Instead, read the first few sentences first, and then recite them layer by layer, and you will soon catch the first paragraph, and so will the following paragraphs: read the whole paragraph first, then divide it into three or four layers according to the meaning, recite them one by one, and then recite them quickly, so that the more you recite, the better. The method of dividing the learning materials into three paragraphs, memorizing one paragraph and then memorizing the other paragraph is suitable for materials with long memory time, and sometimes it is also used to learn those materials with mixed contents, little meaning connection and scattered machinery. Such as: name, place name, history, year, ten-day characters, etc. Including pure subsection learning memory method, progressive subsection memory method and repeated subsection learning memory method. The advantages of using segmented memory method are: breaking the whole into parts and enhancing the confidence of memory; It is easy to turn a difficult thing into an easy one. After remembering a passage, you will get the joy of success and start the enthusiasm of memory.
(18) time-limited memory method
The brain is also inert, but when a person needs time-limited memory, the brain will automatically assume the position of "last stop"-all kinds of functions of the brain are concentrated on the goal to be memorized, and then the memory effect is excellent. At this time, people will whip themselves to commemorate. Therefore, when you find that your reading efficiency is not high, you can deliberately stare at the hour hand and limit the memory time, which will inevitably receive good results.
(19) structural memory method
Many students find trigonometric functions difficult to remember. If we grasp the trigonometric function values of some special angles from the structure, we will remember more. For example, a special angle of 0 ~ 90 is sine, and the cosine value is 0 30 45 60 90 Sina = COSA = sine value denominator is written as 2 molecules from small to large; The denominator of cosine value is written as 2 molecules from small to large: please remember the mathematical formula with structure and give examples.
(20) When remembering, it is more efficient to use the "five-to-five" memory method with the heart, eyes, ears, mouth and hands than to use a single human organ.