1. Classical Chinese translation of midnight bells
Midnight bells refer to the ringing of bells in Buddhist temples today (Spring Festival) at midnight, but at that time there was a habit of ringing bells in the middle of the night, also called "Impermanent Bells" ” or “The Minute Night Bell.”
Ouyang Xiu, a litterateur in the Song Dynasty, once raised a question: "Poets are greedy for good sentences, so that the truth does not make sense. This is a problem in writing. For example, Zhang Ji's poem "The bell rings at midnight", although the sentence Okay, but is there any reason to ring the bell in the middle of the night?" However, after many on-site visits, we found out that Buddhist temples in Suzhou and nearby areas have the custom of ringing the bell in the middle of the night.
Original poem:
The moon is setting, the crows are crying, the sky is full of frost, the rivers, maples, fishing fires are facing melancholy.
At Hanshan Temple outside Gusu City, the midnight bell rang for the passenger ship.
Translation:
The moon has set, crows are crowing, and the sky is filled with cold air. I sleep sadly in front of the maple trees and fishing fires by the river.
In the lonely and quiet Hanshan Ancient Temple outside Suzhou City, the sound of ringing bells in the middle of the night reached the passenger ship.
Extended information:
1. Creation background
According to the third volume of "The Biography of Talented Scholars of the Tang Dynasty", Zhang Ji was appointed by the Ministry of Rites in the "twelfth year of Tianbao (753)". Yang Jun, the assistant minister, passed the imperial examination, which means he passed the Jinshi examination.
The Anshi Rebellion broke out in January of the fourteenth year of Tianbao (755), and in June of the fifteenth year of Tianbao (756), Xuanzong rushed to Shu in a hurry. Because the political situation in Jiangnan was relatively stable at that time, many scribes fled to the present-day Jiangsu and Zhejiang areas to escape the chaos, including Zhang Ji.
One autumn night, the poet was boating on the Maple Bridge outside Suzhou. The beautiful scenery of the autumn night in the Jiangnan water town attracted this guest with travel worries, allowing him to appreciate a kind of poetic beauty with lasting appeal, and he wrote this short poem with a clear and far-reaching artistic conception.
2. Appreciation
The seven unique poems in this poem are unified by the word "sorrow". The first two sentences are densely packed with images: the falling moon, crows, the sky full of frost, river maples, fishing fires, and sleepless people, creating an aesthetic situation with rich meaning. The images in the last two sentences are sparse: cities, temples, boats, and bells, which are an ethereal and distant artistic conception.
On an autumn night, fishing fires are lit by the river, and travelers lie down to hear the bells ringing in the quiet night. All scenes are selected with unique discernment: one is still, one is moving, one is bright, one is dark, and on the river bank, the combination of scenery and the mood of the characters have reached a high degree of tacit understanding and blending, and together they have formed this artistic realm that has become a model for later generations. .
Baidu Encyclopedia-Fengqiao Night Mooring 2. What are the classical Chinese expressions that "I have something on my mind and can't sleep at night"
1. When the moon falls and the birds cry, the sky is filled with frost, and the rivers and maples are fishing and the fire is facing melancholy. ——"Night Mooring at Maple Bridge" by Zhang Ji
Interpretation: The moon has set, the crows are crows and the sky is filled with cold air, I sleep sadly in front of the maple trees and fishing fires by the river.
2. The lonely lamp is full of thoughts and sorrow, and rolls up the curtains to look at the moon and sigh. ——"Sauve Acacia" by Li Bai
Definition: The lonely lamp is dim and my thoughts are infinitely strong. I roll up the curtains, look at the bright moon and sigh in the sky.
3. The fireflies in the evening palace are quietly thinking, and the solitary lamp has been exhausted before falling asleep. ——"Song of Everlasting Sorrow" by Bai Juyi
Interpretation: At night, fireflies are flying in the palace, and even though the lantern has run out of oil, the king still cannot fall asleep.
4. Leisurely, tossing and turning. ——"The Book of Songs·Guan Ju"
Definition: Thinking about it constantly, turning over and over again, making it difficult to fall asleep.
5. On a snowy night in the chaotic mountains, a stranger is alone. ——"Bashan Road's Great Night Book" Cui Tu
Interpretation: The remaining snow on the chaotic mountains shines in the dark night, and a candlelight accompanies me, a stranger in a foreign land.
6. When the lamp is cold, I think about the past, and when the geese are cut off, they sleep in alarm. ——Du Mu in "Travel and Accommodation"
Definition: Reminiscing about the past of my hometown in front of the cold lamp; just like a lonely goose that has lost its flock, waking up from sleep.
7. Lovers complain about the distant night, but they start to miss each other at night. ——"Looking at the Moon and Huaiyuan" by Zhang Jiuling
Explanation: Loved people resent the long moonlit night and stay up all night longing for their loved ones.
8. It’s the winter solstice in Handan Posthouse, with shadows in front of lanterns hugging one’s knees. ——"Homesickness on the Night of Winter Solstice in Handan" by Bai Juyi
Explanation: It happened to be the Winter Solstice when I lived in the Handan Inn. At night, I hugged my knees and sat in front of the lamp, with only my shadow accompanying me.
9. In the late night, I lie down listening to the wind and rain, and the iron horse glacier falls into my dream. ——"Wind and Rain on November 4th" by Lu You
Interpretation: The night was almost over, I was lying on the bed and heard the sound of the wind and rain, and dreamed vaguely that I was riding a horse wearing iron armor. The war horses crossed the frozen river and set off for the northern battlefield.
10. Candles express farewell with intention, and weep for others until dawn - "Farewell" by Du Mu
Interpretation: The candles on the desk also seem to be lit for us with parting sorrow and regret. I shed tears bit by bit until dawn.
3. The original text and translation of the bell at midnight are an ancient Chinese saying
The moon is setting and the sky is covered with crows and frost, and the river maple and fishing fire are facing melancholy. Hanshan Temple outside the city of Suzhou, the bell at midnight reaches the passenger ship. Zhang Ji's " "Mooring at Night on Maple Bridge" is a popular poem, but what is the beauty of this poem? Today, I listened to a CD for children learning Tang poetry. I interpreted this poem as a poem describing the homesickness of a stranger, and described the bells of Hanshan Temple as desolate bells. I don’t think that is necessarily the case. If this is really the case. poem, then I feel that this poem seems rigid. In addition to having extremely beautiful words, it lacks some of the aura of poetry. First of all, I think the most important thing to understand this poem is to first understand it. Is the "guest" in this poem awake or asleep? Judging from the second sentence, many people think that the "guest" in this poem is sleeping in sorrow, that is, sleeping. I think that the "guest" in this poem is standing on the boat with his hands on his back. The visitor who is looking at the scenery above has not fallen asleep due to sorrow. If the visitor has not fallen asleep, then the whole poem will come alive, and the whole poem will be what the visitor sees and hears in his eyes and ears. The first sentence, the moon is setting. The sky is full of crows and frost, and there are three main bodies: the moon, the crows, and the frost. These three main bodies should be alive. If "moonset" means that the moon has set down the mountain, then the moon is passive and has no vitality. . And when the moon sets, it refers to the time when dawn is about to break, and this time is inconsistent with the time of "crow". As we all know, crows only gather in groups in the village in the evening. There are dancing and singing among the treetops above. One is in the early morning and the other is in the dusk. Is this scene just imagined by the author? Of course not. I think that the word "luo" for "moonset" is taken from the word "luo" for birds landing on the treetops. It means that at dusk, the moon also "falls" like a bird. In the sky, looking down at all things in the world. It is exactly the opposite of the main theme of "the sky is lifted up only when the moon is lifted, and all the people in the world look up". This poem is about the moon looking at people. However, this month is also in the "guest" Eyes and ears. The second sentence, Jiang Feng Yuhuo versus Chou Mian. When everyone reads this sentence, most of them think that the guests are impatient of the boredom of the journey and fell asleep in the company of Jiang Feng and Yuhuo. I don’t agree with this interpretation. I think, In this poem, the river maple and the fishing fire should also be injected with vitality by the poet like the first line of the poem. The two scenery, the river maple and the fishing fire, face each other silently, unable to bear to fall asleep, and also pondering the beauty of the dusk. River scene. The third and fourth sentences, Hanshan Temple outside Suzhou City, the midnight bells arrive at the passenger ship. The night and bells here are also given vitality by the poet. Since Ouyang Xiu's "June 1 Poetry Talk" accused Zhang Jizhi of "midnight After the "bells" are unreasonable, there are many disputes in the world. Many people agree that temple bells do not ring in the middle of the night. So, what exactly is the midnight bells mentioned by the poet? I think if we notice that the word Tongjia is commonly used in ancient poetry, then the sound of the bell at midnight is not difficult to understand. We can boldly assume that it is the use of the word "Ban" in Tongjia, then, The meaning of these two lines of poems becomes this: the night is accompanied by the bells of Hanshan Temple, floating on the passenger ship at dusk. With this understanding, the dispute about whether the bells are ringing in the middle of the night no longer exists, and the whole poem is More lively and lively. According to the above, the translation of the poem is as follows: At dusk, the moon is like a bird, falling in the mid-air where the night will be shining, to enjoy this beautiful scenery. The crow of the crow breaks the The frosty sky filled with silence in the dusk. The river maples and fishing fires, as if they were nostalgic for the river scenery, faced each other in silence and couldn't bear to fall asleep. And the night was also impatient of silence, and accompanied by the bells of Hanshan Temple, drifted in. In the passenger boat. After this understanding, everything in the poem is endowed with fresh vitality and agility. In the past, people understood this poem according to common sense and classified it into It is considered to be one of the negative and nostalgic poems. The writing background of this poem is also controversial. Some say it was written during the Anshi Rebellion, and some say it was written when the author failed to win the ranking. I think that this poem should have been written by the author. While traveling. People have always thought that this poem was written by travelers to relieve the boredom of the journey. I think it is more appropriate to think that it is a lyrical sketch written by the author during his leisure time. Reading the poem may be related to the mood. The same poem Poetry has different feelings when read in different moods. I think it is like this...