In classical poetry, contrast is a commonly used means of expression, which means to compare two opposing things or two different aspects of the same thing together to achieve a strong expression effect, or to highlight the contradiction of opposing things clearly, reveal the essence and give people profound enlightenment; Or make the two opposing aspects of things set off against each other and complement each other, giving people a deep impression. Xin Qiji highlights the sharp contradiction between the author's ideal and reality and the political tragedy of his life with the most vivid, typical and vivid image of the word "partridge, guest talk about fame, recall the current affairs of youth". The policy of pingrong refers to the anti-Jin opinions put forward by the author to the court after returning to the south, such as "Ten Comments on Meiqin" and "Nine Comments", which are very valuable politically and militarily. The policy of using tens of thousands of words is useless. It is better to replace people with tree books, which has some practical value in production. This is a political reality, and it is self-evident what kind of life experience the author has. In the comparison, it profoundly summarizes the tragic experience of a famous anti-gold star.
Common comparisons are: time-space comparison, description comparison and effect comparison.
1、
Visit ancient Vietnam and China.
Lipper
Gou Jian, the king of Yue, broke Wu Gui, and the soldiers went home.
Maid-in-waiting is like a flower in Man Chun Hall, but only partridges are flying today.
The poem contrasts the prosperity of the past with the desolation of today through specific scenery, which makes readers feel particularly profound. Generally speaking, it is difficult to highlight an environment directly, but through comparison, the effect can often be greatly enhanced. Therefore, it is even more deplorable to describe desolation through lively scenes. The contrast between the past prosperity written in front of this poem and the present desolation written behind it is extremely strong. The harder you work in front, the more powerful you will be behind.
Step 2 watch and pray for rain
Li Yue
Mulberry leaves and leafless smoke come from the soil, and flute pipes welcome Longshui Temple.
Watching songs and dances in Zhumen, I am afraid that the spring sounds will swallow the strings.
This poem is about watching and praying for rain. Through the comparison of two different life scenes and different thoughts and feelings on the day of drought, the sharp class contradictions in feudal society are deeply exposed. The first sentence is drought, which is the reason for praying for rain. "Mulberry without leaves" refers to the destruction of sericulture by spring drought, and "primary smoke" refers to the serious impact of spring drought on agriculture. Because all the crops are dead, you can only see "dirt"; There are no leaves on the tree, only strips can be seen. So the first sentence describing the drought is vivid and true. In the second sentence, countless villains in front of the water temple, flute pipes follow and meet the dragon god; The third and fourth sentences were written by several big families, who were also enjoying orchestral music and dancing. One side is afraid that it won't rain; On the one hand, it is "still afraid of spring sounds." Fear of not raining is due to the livelihood problem of life and death: "I am still afraid of the sound of spring", but I am afraid that the silk and bamboo are wet and hoarse. In this way, one side is deeply worried and unhappy, and the other side is carefree and carefree. The subtext of this contrast can be said to be: the world is so uneven ... Although the author has explained this, it still gives readers a broad association space. The contrast of this poem is not as clear as "the farmer's heart is like soup, and the prince and grandson shake it". Therefore, its satire is more tortuous and euphemistic, and more intriguing.
3. Liangzhou Temple Border Town
Ji Zhang
Border town, geese fly low at dusk, asparagus gradually gathers.
Countless clocks have passed the cymbals, so you have to carry them to Anxi.
The river flowing through the Phoenix River flows eastward, and Pennisetum and Ulmus pumila have been growing for sixty years.
The soldiers in the border town suffered from the mercy of the Lord, but no one knew how to recapture Liangzhou.
At the beginning of this poem, it is written about the desolate and bleak atmosphere of the border town: "The geese in the border town fly low at dusk." At dusk, the border town is rainy, and geese fly low in the gloomy dusk rain instead of flying high in the clear sky, giving people a heavy sense of oppression, which symbolizes that the northwest border between China and the Tang Dynasty is not peaceful. The poet caught the scene of the swan goose flying low, which was meaningful and deliberately hidden. The vision is gloomy and gloomy. The close-up is full of vitality: "Asparagus is forming."
The reeds along the river sprout like bamboo shoots, sprouting branches and spitting leaves, vying for upward growth. The close-up is bright in color and in high spirits, which is in sharp contrast with the deep and low prospect. The scenery written in the above two sentences, one suppressed and one raised, one dark and one bright, set off each other and complement each other. The exuberant vitality of asparagus brings spring scenery to the desert land on the border.