1. Meaning
Art area: It is an individual learning place provided by teachers for children to freely appreciate and create art works based on the educational goals and children's development level.
2. The core values ??of the art area:
1. Let children experience the fun and sense of accomplishment of expression and creation;
2. Experience colors and lines, Personalized expression of experience and emotion through three-dimensional modeling and other methods;
3. Obtain the opportunity to become familiar with, apply and creatively comprehensively use art materials.
3. Space setting and material placement in the art area
Physical environment: Due to the large number of activity materials and children’s activities in the art area, the activity space we provide for the activity area is limited. It should be as large as possible, and the tools and materials should be suitable for young children to access. You can also put different labels on the cabinets so that tools and materials have a fixed placement. To ensure the order of activities and facilitate the formation of good behavioral habits of children.
Psychological environment: In the art area, children can freely choose what to draw, what to do, what to pinch, what to cut... Every child can happily choose what they need and like for activities. During the activities, children are happy and full of emotions, and their relationships with peers and teachers are equal, interactive, and harmonious.
Materials in the art area - painting activity materials:
★Paper - Young children can draw on rectangular or square paper, mainly white. In the future, children can gradually be provided with papers of different materials, colors and shapes.
★ Pens - crayons, oil pastels, markers, markers, colored pencils, colored water pens, brushes, etc.
Note:
1. It is appropriate for young children to use oil pastels, thick markers and other tools, mainly a single tool; as they grow older, they can choose colored water pens, Gradually use two tools alternately, such as brushes and markers, until multiple tools are used.
2. The use of tools and materials can reflect the content and subject matter to be expressed. To express the basic structure and content of the image, crayons, oil pastels, watercolors, advertising paints, etc. are all suitable; to express the details of the image, finer markers, colored pencils, or colored water pens are required.
Material placement in the art area - materials for handicraft activities:
The materials should be rich and varied. Such as from plants and crops to bark, clay, plastic and so on.
The materials can stimulate children's interest in handcrafting. Provide young children with semi-finished products, unprocessed raw materials and materials that children can combine in multiple ways.
The display of materials should be open. According to the shape of the material, it can be divided into dot-shaped (buttons, beads, etc.), linear (wool, rope, etc.), surface-shaped (paper, cloth, etc.), and block-shaped (box, bottle, etc.); according to the nature of the material, it can be divided into Plants (leaves, petals, etc.), crops (soybeans, peanuts, etc.), others (clay, shells, plastics, etc.); they can also be classified according to finished products, semi-finished products, raw materials, etc.
IV. Activity content: painting, handicrafts, appreciation
Painting:
Types - line drawing, ink painting, gouache painting, printmaking, oil painting, crayon painting, Sketching, oil-water separation painting, splash painting, drip painting, rubbing painting, painting with natural materials
Contents - figure painting, object painting, scene painting, pattern decoration painting
Handmade: Two-dimensional handicrafts and three-dimensional handicrafts
Two-dimensional handicrafts - paper cutting, collage, tearing and pasting, embroidery, tie-dye
Three-dimensional handicrafts - clay work, sculpture, weaving, origami, relief, design Construction
Appreciation activities: including appreciation of famous paintings, handicrafts, landscapes, buildings and companion works
Content design of the art area ◆Content design of painting activities:
★Object drawing
1. Small class: Draw objects that are familiar, interesting, and simple in outline, such as balls, biscuits, handkerchiefs, suns, flowers, trees, chickens, etc. Ducklings, simple houses, cars, etc. When children learn to draw basic shapes such as rectangles, squares, triangles, and semicircles, they can initially create shapes by combining shapes and lines.
2. Middle class: Describe the main parts and basic characteristics of various objects more accurately. For example, when drawing people, you are required to draw front-facing people. You can also draw dogs, cats, chickens, ducks, etc. Draw poultry and livestock, draw birds and fish, draw cars, trains, ships and other means of transportation, draw simple landscapes, buildings, etc.
3. Senior class: Learn to draw more physically complex objects, and be able to depict the details and various dynamics of objects, such as different postures of people and animals; learn to draw a variety of means of transportation, such as sprinkling water Cars, large cranes, airplanes, ships, etc.; learn to draw buildings with more complex structures and larger scenes; learn to draw various plants, such as tropical plants, etc.
Content design of the art area ◆Content design of painting activities:
★Plot painting
1. Small class: There is no requirement for plot painting for small classes.
2. Middle class: Mainly make simple layout on the picture, that is, draw all the scenery on the basic line, and be able to draw some auxiliary objects to express a simple plot. For example, when drawing children, draw some simple plots such as ropes and balls in the children's hands.
3. Taipan: Mainly based on one's own understanding of life, using actual things around oneself as the theme of expression, drawing simple plot paintings, such as "Autumn Outing", "My Good Mother", etc. ; You can also simply draw plots based on stories, poems, etc., such as "The Little Bear Crossing the Bridge", "The Tortoise and the Hare", etc.
Content design of the art area◆Content design of painting activities:
★Pattern decorative painting
1. Middle class: mainly learn some relatively simple patterns. For example, small flowers, small leaves, small circles, etc. can be painted with contrasting colors to create bright and beautiful pictures, and some "lace-painting" content can be designed.
2. Large class: Focus on changes in composition and seek harmony in bright colors. Design decorative patterns on paper shapes for daily necessities, such as vases, sweaters, etc.
Content design of the art area ◆Content design of handicraft activities:
★Masonry
1. Small class: initially play with clay and shape some simple shapes at will. Let them experience the joy of masonry activities while playing in the mud. After a period of time, design some such as "apple", "glutinous rice balls", "noodles", "biscuits", etc.
2. Middle class: Can shape the main features of objects, use some simple auxiliary materials to express simple plots, and be able to boldly shape them as desired. Such as "pot", "basin", "bowl", cat, rabbit and baby, etc.
3. Large class: Auxiliary tools and materials should be used to express the main features and details of objects carefully and vividly. Such as "little rabbit eating grass", "dancing children", "little bear crossing the bridge", etc.
Content design of the art area ◆Content design of handicraft activities:
★Paper crafting
Small class: mainly playing with paper, tearing paper and pasting. Such as "mushroom", "sun", etc. Later, you can use scissors and learn some simple paper-cutting skills.
2. Middle class: including origami, tearing, pasting and cutting. Learn simple folding methods, such as diagonal folds, diagonal folds, concentrated corner folds, double square folds, and double triangle folds. Can cut arcs such as "apple", "sun", etc.
3. Senior class: mainly origami and cut-and-paste.
Origami: Use two or more pieces of paper to form a simple three-dimensional composite object shape, and use some auxiliary techniques.
Cut and Paste: Master three cutting methods: visual cutting, contour cutting and folding cutting.
Content design of the art area ◆Content design of handicraft activities:
★Making of waste materials
1. Middle class: Most of the designs are made by the teacher. The semi-finished products are then pasted on by children.
2. Taipan: Make simple toys using natural materials such as paper, cloth, needles, and threads, as well as non-toxic laborious materials. Such as masks, etc.
Content design of the art area◆Content design of appreciation activities:
1. Small classes and middle classes mainly appreciate some art works that they can understand, such as paintings, arts and crafts works, sculptures, etc. Natural scenery, holiday decorations, environmental layout, etc. In terms of artistic expression techniques, the theme should be highlighted, the shape should be simple, the imagination clear, and the colors bright, which can arouse certain associations in children. Such as abstract paintings by Miró, Paul, Klee, Mondrian and other painters.
2. Senior class: Continue to appreciate some paintings and arts and crafts works that they can understand, and learn to evaluate their own and their peers' works. The content to be appreciated is not very profound or complex, including oil paintings, watercolor paintings, clay sculptures, stone sculptures, folk toys, etc.
5. Guidance in the art area for each age class
Integrated with formal art education activities, the activities in the art area pay more attention to the process of children's operations and their awareness of participation. In the art area, we should focus on encouraging and guiding children to use their imagination and innovate. But allowing young children to use their creativity does not mean not providing guidance on skills. Skillful and accurate use of tools allows young children to better express their creativity.
1. Small class children
The small muscles of children in small classes are not yet mature, so their art activities mostly revolve around the perception and use of colors. Teachers should not require them to make the pictures neat and evenly painted. This will make them timid and afraid to paint and create boldly. Their guidance should focus on germinating their interest in painting and confidence in bold painting, as well as teaching some methods and techniques for using tools and materials. Teachers need to provide some direct guidance and demonstration during this period to help children master correct operating methods and skills.
2． Middle class
Children in middle class have mastered certain methods of using tools and materials and performance skills. At this time, teachers should focus on instructing them on how to fully use tools, materials and skills, and reduce direct guidance. And actively encourage them to use their imagination to create unique works.
3． The operational ability, performance ability and creative ability of the children in the large class have been greatly improved. At this stage, teachers should let children move on their own. When a new activity content appears, teachers should not rush to teach children how to do it, but should first let children explore and try it on their own. Teachers only observe children's activities as a counselor and provide support when appropriate. and help.