China's ancient poems can be roughly divided into two categories: one is called ancient poetry (or "ancient style") and the other is called modern poetry (or "modern style poetry").
The name of ancient poetry began in the Tang Dynasty. In the Tang Dynasty, new metrical poems were called modern poems, while poems with less metrical restrictions before the Tang Dynasty were called ancient poems. According to the Tang Dynasty, later generations called Yuefu folk songs, poems written by scholars before the Tang Dynasty and poems written by scholars after the Tang Dynasty "archaic poems". According to the number of words in poems, there are four words (such as The Book of Songs), five words (such as Han Yuefu's poems), seven words (such as Ge Yanxing by Cao Pi) and miscellaneous words (such as Li Bai's Difficult Road to Shu). Classical poetry rhymes freely.
The other is called modern poetry (or "modern poetry"), which is a new style of poetry that appeared in the Tang Dynasty.
There are two kinds of modern poetry, one is called "quatrains", each with four sentences, which are abbreviated as five words and seven words. One kind is called "metrical poem", each poem has eight sentences, five characters are abbreviated as five laws, seven characters are abbreviated as seven laws, and more than eight sentences are called excluded laws (or "long laws"). The rhythm is very strict. There are definite sentences (except arrangement), definite characters in sentences, definite rhymes (definite rhymes), definite tones (definite tones of each word in the poem) and definite couplets (the two rhymes in the middle must be aligned).
How to judge ancient poetry and modern poetry? Ancient poetry is also called ancient poetry and ancient style. To put it bluntly, classical poetry is ancient free poetry. There are not many sentences, words and rhyme rules in each poem. For the convenience of everyone, let's take the Tang Dynasty as the boundary. Poems before the Tang Dynasty are all ancient poems, including The Book of Songs, Songs of the South, Han Yuefu, San Cao, Tao Yuanming and so on. After the Tang Dynasty, poets also wrote many ancient poems, such as Fifty-nine Ancient Poems written by Li Bai. Generally speaking, the poems written by poets in the Tang Dynasty and beyond are all ancient poems. In other words, the words "Song", "Xing", "Yin", "Yin", "Nong", "Cao" and "Qu" in the title of the poem should all belong to classical poetry, such as Li Bai's Climbing Mount Tianmu in a Dream, Du Fu's Song of Autumn Wind Breaking the Cottage and Bai Juyi's Pipa Line.
? Modern poetry, also known as modern poetry, is a metrical poem relative to ancient poetry. Modern poetry was formally formed in the early Tang Dynasty. It includes quatrains, rhymes and poems. Four quatrains * * *, each five-character sentence is called Five Elements, each seven-character sentence is called Seven Rhymes, and two or four sentences rhyme. The first sentence can rhyme or not, and there is no requirement for confrontation. There are * * * eight sentences, five words in each sentence are called five rhymes and seven words in each sentence are called seven rhymes. Even the sentences rhyme, and the first sentence may or may not rhyme. Every two rhyming sentences are connected together, which is called first couplet, parallel couplet, neck couplet and tail couplet. Parallel couplet and neck couplet must be opposite. Arrange more than ten sentences, like metrical poems. Except for the first and second pairs, the middle antitheses are all correct, and the rhyme is the same as metrical poems. Modern poetry should also pay attention to even and even words. There is a saying that "135 doesn't matter, 246 is clear." For example, we are familiar with Du Fu's "Guests Arrive", "One Night in a Foreign Country", "Pavilion Night" and "Climbing Yueyang Tower", all of which are very typical metrical poems.
Judging the difference between the following statements, 1 ancient poetry can be divided into two categories: ancient poetry and modern poetry. Classical poetry is a work that does not pay attention to meter, and modern poetry is also called modern poetry and meter poetry.
How to distinguish ancient poetry from modern poetry? Poetry before the Tang Dynasty is called archaic poetry, which is also called archaic poetry or archaic style. There are five words called "five ancient poems" and seven words called "miscellaneous poems". There is no strict metrical pattern in ancient poetry, and the sentence pattern is free. Since the Tang Dynasty, metrical poetry has been developed and perfected. Because of its late appearance, it is relatively called modern poetry.
How to distinguish between ancient poetry and modern poetry Tang poetry can be divided into two categories: ancient poetry and modern poetry. The difference between these two categories is the difference in genre. That is to say, modern poetry pays attention to the meter, especially to the level and parallel antithesis, while ancient poetry does not pay much attention to the meter and does not require the level and parallel antithesis. (Of course, this is a very rough statement. )
Modern poetry is a kind of metrical poetry, which began to sprout in Qi and Liang Dynasties and was formally formed in the early Tang Dynasty. Characterized in that:
(1) The number of words is fixed. Modern poetry includes metrical poems and quatrains. There are eight metrical poems and four quatrains, and the number of words is limited. There are also "three-rhyme poems", but they are rare. There is also the so-called "parallelism". The number of sentences can be more than eight, at most 150 or 60 rhymes (more than 300 sentences), but the number of sentences is even. Every sentence in modern poetry is generally five or seven words, and six words are rare. Therefore, the fixed number of words can be said to be a universal feature of modern poetry.
(2) Rhyme is strict. This means: a poem must rhyme to the end, and there can be no rhyme changes in the middle; A poem must use rhyming words, and rhyming is not allowed; Generally, only flat rhyme is used.
(3) Pay attention to leveling.
(4) Pay attention to antithesis.
The first two points (3) and (4) are the essential features of modern poetry.
Classical poetry is relative to modern poetry. As a genre, classical poetry is characterized by not paying much attention to meter. Every poem, more or less, always pays attention to some meter, such as rhyme, which is a meter; The character is relatively neat (four, five or seven characters), which is also a kind of meter. These factors are all possessed by classical poetry, so we can't say that classical poetry doesn't talk about meter at all. However, the metrical requirements of classical poetry are not as strict as those of modern poetry, that is, the requirements of modern poetry mentioned above in terms of words, rhyme, balance and antithesis are not available in classical poetry. In other words, the difference between ancient poetry and modern poetry lies in:
(1) The number of words and sentences is not limited, and it can be four, five, seven words or miscellaneous words; It can be at least two sentences, such as Fu Xuan's Miscellaneous Words; Up to more than 300 sentences, such as "Ancient Poetry as Jiao Zhongqing's Wife" ***357 sentences.
(2) Rhyme is not strict. It can be changed, passed, flat or rhymed.
(3) Don't talk about leveling.
(4) Don't talk about antithesis.
Classical poetry is also called ancient poetry. As a genre, poems before the appearance of modern poetry, including The Book of Songs, Songs of the South, Five-character and Seven-character Poems of Han Yuefu and Han, Wei and Six Dynasties, can all be called archaic poems or archaic poems. After the appearance of modern poetry in the Tang Dynasty, poets in the Tang Dynasty continued to write such poems that were not very rhythmic, including four-character, five-character, seven-character, Yuefu and so on, which can also be called ancient poetry. However, in customs, "Yuefu" is often classified into another category, and the rest are called ancient poems, especially those with five words and seven words, which are ancient poems in a narrow sense.
Who has ancient poems and modern poems ~ ~! The difference between ancient poetry and modern poetry
A, according to the metrical classification:
Classical poetry is not restricted by meter except rhyme. In addition to rhyme, modern poetry is also restricted by meter.
Second, according to the number of words:
Modern poetry has only five words and seven words. There are four-character, five-character (five-character) and seven-character (seven-character) ancient poems with irregular words (seven-character ancient poems are also called seven-character), and there are also a few three-character and six-character poems.
Third, according to the number of sentences:
Classical poetry ranges from two sentences to one hundred. Modern poetry has four quatrains, eight rhymes and more than eight lines.
Four, according to the rhyme classification:
(a) ancient poetry:
1. The whole poem can use flat and oblique rhymes, and can also be changed into other rhymes at will.
2. Every sentence in the poem can be rhymed, and the rhymed words can be repeated.
3. The rhyme in poetry is not limited to even sentences, but also can be used in odd sentences.
4. In poetry, we can communicate with neighboring rhymes and rising tones.
5. Allow sentences with plain culture.
(2) modern poetry:
1. A poem is limited to one rhyme. Except for the first sentence, which can rhyme or not, all other sentences rhyme even.
2. The rhyming words cannot be repeated.
3. The last word of a sentence doesn't need to rhyme, and a flat tone can't be the same as the last word of a rhyming sentence.
4. You can't use adjacent rhymes except the first sentence.
5. They all use flat rhymes.
There are four quatrains and eight rhyming poems.
Basically, it is bounded by the Tang Dynasty.
How to distinguish ancient poetry from modern poetry is not limited by metrical rules, and the form is more free. There are 4, 5 and 7 words, and now 5 and 7 words are more common. You can rhyme with adjacent rhymes, and the number of sentences is not particularly limited. In addition, miscellaneous poems are also a small branch of classical poetry. Miscellaneous poems vary in length, ranging from a word to a cross. Generally, three, four, five and seven characters are mixed, with seven characters as the main character.
Modern poetry is quatrains (four sentences) and metrical poems (eight sentences, arrangement: more than eight sentences).
According to the number of words, ancient poetry can be divided into four categories: (), (), () and (). Modern poetry can be divided into () and (). Modern poetry has only five words and seven words. There are,, (called seven ancient poems) and ancient poems with irregular words (also called seven ancient poems because of their seven words), and there are also a few with six words.
There are four kinds of ancient poems according to the number of words: (four words), (five words (called five ancient poems), (seven words) and (miscellaneous words); Modern poetry can be divided into (quatrains) and (regular poems).