Question 2: What are the forms of expression of poetry: narration, description, discussion and lyricism?
1. Narration: Describe the occurrence, development and change of characters experience or something. For example, it snows in the boat at night, and the autumn wind is scattered in the iron horse. (Lu You's "The Book of Rage" wrote an unforgettable past when he visited the anti-Jin front in a narrative way. )
2. Description: Describe and depict people, events and environment in vivid language. For example, in Du Fu's Song of the City, it is said that a few feet away from the river and a few feet away from the moon, the night wind lights up. The heron in the sand head is silent, and the fish in the stern are screaming. The poem, written by the moonlight scene in the water, vividly describes the egret bending over, sleeping on the beach in the moonlight, and the big fish at the stern.
3. Comments: opinions expressed on the nature, right and wrong, value, characteristics and functions of people and things. For example, Yuan Zhen's Chrysanthemum: It's not that chrysanthemums are favored among flowers, but that this flower is even more flowerless. The last two sentences of the poem point out the reasons for loving chrysanthemums and praise their indomitable character through weather and frost.
4. Lyric: express the author's strong subjective feelings such as love, hate, likes and dislikes, joys and sorrows. There are direct lyric and indirect lyric.
Question 3: What are the expressions of modern poetry? There are four ways to express poetry appreciation: narration, description, lyricism and discussion.
First, lyric: direct lyric (direct lyric), indirect lyric, lyric by scenery, lyric by things, lyric by things.
Second, description: front description, side description, combination of reality and reality, and combination of static and dynamic.
Second, discuss
Fourth, narrative.
Appreciate the expressive skills of poetry
1, expression:
Express your will by holding things, blending scenes, reasoning, associating, imagining, rendering, comparing, setting off, combining reality with reality, combining static and dynamic, combining before and after, expressing one's mind directly, expressing one's will through the ancient times, satirizing modern people, suppressing first and then promoting.
2. Rhetoric:
Metaphor, analogy, metonymy, duality, exaggeration, symbol, contrast, contrast, pun, rhetorical question, irony, synaesthesia, intertextuality, allusions, translation, overlapping, etc.
3. emoticon:
Narration, description, lyricism, discussion.
Meaningful:
Poetry can be divided into lyric poetry and narrative poetry, and there is also a kind of mystery poetry, which is small in number but has great influence. These poems are all based on concrete things. In the works of several great poets, such as Du Fu, Lu You and Su Shi, we can often see sentences with far-reaching meaning.
"Think of the mountain side as a mountain peak, and the distance is different. I don't know the true face of Lushan Mountain, but toward which corner of the mountain. " (Su Shi, titled Xilin Wall)-It means that people who are trapped in it can't jump out, and they are often confused by various phenomena and can't see the truth of the incident clearly.
In Zhu's Random Thoughts on Reading, "The square pool is half an acre open, and there are clouds in the sky. Ask where the canal is so clear because there is a source of living water. "
Lu You's "Traveling to Shanxi Village" "There is no doubt in the mountains and rivers, and there is another village in the dark."
Wang Zhihuan is in the Heron Villa, but you can broaden your view of 300 miles by going up a flight of stairs.
Rhetoric:
The application of rhetoric in poetry and prose has the same function as that in other styles. Look for rhetoric and explain the function directly.
Metaphor-more vivid (like the strong wind in spring, blowing at night, blowing open the petals of ten thousand pear trees. )
Personification-personification (birds love the old forest, pond fish miss the old source. )
Rhetorical question-emphasis (if two kinds of feelings last for a long time, is it sooner or later? )
Exaggeration-emphasis and prominence (white hair and three thousands of feet, sorrow like a long beard)
Duality-enhance the musical beauty, concise expression, hearty lyricism and external formal beauty of poetry (leaves fall like the waves of a waterfall, but I always watch the long river roll forward)
Clever use of allusions and predecessors' poems-refined and implicit; Expand the content; Rich in literary talent.
(This aspect requires a high amount of extracurricular reading and historical knowledge, but sometimes it is very obvious. )
For example, Du Mu's poem in Jiang Kui's Yangzhou Slow;
Xin Qiji's Happy Forever? The story of Tuoba Tao in the nostalgia of Gubeiting in Jingkou;
In Wang Shifu's "Farewell to the Pavilion", "Crying red with tears is wetter than Sima Qing's shirt." It obviously used "but which of them cried the most?" ? , this Jiujiang officer. "My blue sleeves are wet" in Bai Juyi's Pipa Trip.
One thing that deserves special attention in rhetoric is contrast. The technical terms are "moving with quietness" and "quietness with sound".
Such as: "Birds live in trees by the pool, and monks knock at the door."
The quieter the cicada forest, the quieter the sound palace mountain.
In contrast, Bai Juyi's "Song of Eternal Sorrow", "If she only smiles back, there will be a hundred charms cast, and the six palaces will be wiped out", which sets beauty against beauty. )
Comparison (the first three sentences and the last sentence of Li Bai's Yue revisiting the ancient times)
Synaesthesia, the communication of sensory organs. (Li Bai "There are thousands of snowflakes in Yaotai, and the spring breeze blows down one by one." At this time, the snowflake seems to be a pear blossom in full bloom in the spring breeze, and its fragrance floats in Wan Li. Vision and smell communicate, and the poet's affection is full of it. )
Question 4: What are the most commonly used and professional illustrations in ancient poetry? Learn from each other and be patient! 1. Direct lyricism refers to the author's undisguised direct narration of his strong inner feelings in the article, so that the strong emotional torrent can be poured out directly. Why aren't you ecstatic? New tears overwhelm old ones, and heartbroken people remember heartbroken people. (Wang Shifu "Yao folk songs in December? The poem vividly expresses the sadness of lovesickness after parting from four angles: fear of dusk, forgetting myself, new tears and heartbroken people. ) 2. Lyricism by borrowing scenery is an indirect lyric, which expresses the author's feelings through the description of real scenery. Smoke cage cold water moon cage sand, night parking near Qinhuai restaurant. Businessmen and women don't know the ten roots of national subjugation, but they still sing "Flowers bloom * * *" across the river. (Du Mu's Bo Qinhuai) (The first two sentences describe the scenery, and the last two sentences are lyrical. The scenery is not a clear moonlit night in Wan Li and a cloudless blue sky in Wan Li, but a foggy moon shrouded in cold water and white sand. The scenery is so bleak and the atmosphere is so cold, which adds atmosphere and color to the author's anxiety in the last two sentences. The two scenes blend into one, seamless. ) 3. Expressing meaning by things is an indirect lyric. Expressing meaning by things means expressing one's wishes and aspirations through the description and narration of things. Drop a wisp of water to clear the dew, and let out the sparse tung. Cicada is far away from cicada because cicada is on a tall tree, not relying on autumn wind. The image of cicada described in the poem is: cicada hangs its tentacles, sucks clean dew on the branches, and cicada chirps from sparse buttonwood trees. Living in a high place, crying naturally travels far, not relying on the power of the wind. In poetry, what the author really wants to express is his feelings about life: all noble people are always strict with themselves and constantly improve their self-cultivation, so their good reputation can spread far and far without relying on others to brag. It can be seen that writing cicadas is the foundation, and expressing your feelings and ambitions is the real purpose. 4. Scenery blending, which melts the author's subjective feelings into the description of scenery, makes the poem achieve the unity of things and me, and can't tell which is "scenery" and which is "emotion". Building a house is under the condition of people, and there are no horses and chariots. When he asks you what you can do, his heart is far from biased. Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence: leisurely seeing Nanshan. The mountains are getting better and better, and the birds are back. That makes sense. I forgot what I wanted to say. (Tao Yuanming's drinking) (The underlined four sentences describe the scenery on the surface, but actually imply the poet's emotional realm of transcending the world, loving nature and staying away from officialdom. Here, both "scenery" and "emotion" are written, and the two are inseparable, that is "emotion". ) 5. The combination of static and dynamic refers to the description of dynamic or relatively static people, events and scenes. When the moon is dark and windy, the fishing lamp is high, and the firefly is lonely. Slight wind and waves, scattered like river stars. (Look up Shen Xing's "What I See on a Boat Night") (The whole poem uses line drawing techniques to write the scenery that the poet saw on the boat at night. The first two sentences are static and the last two sentences are dynamic. ) 6. Dynamic contrast is one of the contrast techniques, that is, the static is reflected by the description, rendering and contrast of the dynamic, that is, the dynamic is expressed in the dynamic description. People are idle, osmanthus flowers fall, and the night is quiet and empty. When the moon comes out, the birds are startled, and the sound enters the spring stream. The scenery written in the poem, such as falling flowers, rising moon and singing birds, are all moving scenes, and at the same time, through these moving scenes, the silence of the spring stream is more prominent. "Tonamiyama is more secluded", the quieter it is. Here bread contains dialectics. ) 7。 Writing sadness in a music scene is one of the methods of contrast, ostensibly describing a happy scene, but actually expressing a sad mood. The article Peacock Flying Southeast describes the scene of marrying Liu Lanzhi. "Speak fast, flowing ... 400 to 500 people, Yu Yu is at the county gate." The more lively the scene, the stronger its sadness. 8. In the process of discussion or lyricism, the poem based on scenery came to an abrupt end, and it turned to writing scenery, ending with scenery instead of emotion, which made the poem "ruthless at this time is better than emotion", which is still lacking. The new sound of pipa dance is always the old love. I can't hear the dazzling edge, and the high autumn moon shines on the Great Wall. Wang Changling's Seven Poems of Joining the Army The first three sentences of the poem are all lyrical about music. When it comes to "worrying about the border", the word "endless" is used. How to complete a sentence with a limited number of seven words? At this time, the poet gently opened the pen and tied a knot with the scenery. As if after buying wine and drinking music in the army, there suddenly appeared a vast desolate scene of shooting the Great Wall for a month; The ancient and majestic Great Wall is full of ups and downs, the autumn moon shines brightly, and the scene is magnificent and sad, which deepens the poet's thoughts and feelings and leaves readers with unlimited imagination. 9. The layout is the Book of Songs >>