You must be good at summarizing when reviewing classical Chinese. Here are some very effective methods for preparing for the college entrance examination in classical Chinese, which are worth your collection and study!
Post-2000 engineering freshmen classical Chinese Original text of the speech: Excerpt from "The young man is so polite."
Dear teachers and classmates:
The young man is so polite.
Here is Chen Yining, a freshman in civil engineering at Leeds, who is from Shijiazhuang, Hebei. It is a mere incompetence, but it is a great honor to speak on behalf of the freshmen today. First of all, I wish my classmates good luck in meeting each other here. At the same time, I would like to express my deep gratitude to the teachers and seniors who have worked so hard for me and other students.
July is full of fire, but August is still young. Carrying the breeze, I went there by myself, walking on the charming clouds; I came to Rongcheng of Tianfu and visited the bright hall of Jiaotong University. The city has the towering Emei Mountains, the Pishui River is hot and cold; the Xiling Mountains are covered with snow, and the weirs lead to the Dujiang River. There are green coriander trees in the school, egrets are flying in the sky, tea leaves are blooming, and sparse shadows are scattered across the windows. Wandering here, I am not sensitive, but I have already heard the elegance and elegance of making friends with me, and I am enthusiastic about his style. Intoxicated in the depths of this place, I can't help but feel relaxed and relaxed, thinking about the time I will spend in the next four years.
? The peach and plum trees do not speak, but they create their own mistakes. ?The same is true for friends who are greater than me. I once thought that the college entrance examination was the end of ten years of hardship, but now I know that it is the beginning of a new chapter in life. Although I am not talented, I hope to work hand in hand with my friends and live up to my time; pursue excellence and achieve success with each passing day. Don’t forget your original intention, and set sail here: the journey is thousands of miles long, and the road ahead is prosperous!
Just as the old president Mao Yisheng famously said: "Life is a journey, and it lasts for a hundred years, and I have gone through seventy-eight percent of it." . Looking back at the past, I can clearly see that it was more rugged than flat, sometimes deep valleys, sometimes floods, but fortunately we relied on bridges to cross them. What's the name of a bridge? It's called struggle!?
Key text articles
"Ten Principles of The Analects of Confucius", "What a few people do to the country", "Encouraging learning", "Ziyu" "On the War", "Zou Ji Satirized the King of Qi for Remonstrance", "After Zhao Wei Asked the Envoy of Qi", "Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru", "Biography of Qu Yuan", "On Accumulation and Storage", "Chen Qingbiao", "Preface to Lanting Collection" ", "Returning to Come and Sayings", "Shi Shuo", "Travel to Baochan Mountain", "Shizhong Mountain", "Ten Thoughts on Admonishing Taizong", "Treatise on the Six Kingdoms", "Preface to the Biography of Lingguan", " "Preface to the King's Pavilion", "Ode to Epang Palace", "Ode to Red Cliff", "Zhi of Xiangjixuan", "Record of Climbing Mount Tai", "Preface to the Brief Story of the Seventy-two Martyrs of Huanghuagang".
Inference of word meaning in specific language environment
In the comprehensive reading of classical Chinese, we often encounter individual words, words, and sentences that cannot be understood for a while, so we need to follow the inertia of the above and the meaning of the word. Infer, or infer based on the context and meaning of the text below. As the saying goes, words are not separated from words, words are not separated from sentences, and sentences are not separated from paragraphs (articles). Only by placing words, words, and sentences within the overall contextual framework of paragraphs and even chapters can we grasp them more accurately. The test questions on "language" in classical Chinese texts focus on the comprehension ability and pay great attention to contextual factors. Words in specific contexts often have specific meanings. Especially the content words in classical Chinese, because of their ambiguous meaning, completely wrong judgments may be made without context. Therefore, mastering more skills and methods for understanding classical Chinese will be of great help to us for effective review.
In addition, you can also use familiar idioms to infer the meaning of words. Idioms retain a large number of classical Chinese word meanings. After we master a certain number of idioms, we can infer the classical Chinese word meanings based on the meanings and usages of some idioms. For example, the question in the college entrance examination: "Be honest and upright as an official, never ask questions about private matters" (ke, cautious and respectful), the idiom is "Keep to one's best and unswervingly".
The meaning and usage of the content words tested in the college entrance examination classical Chinese reading can generally be found in textbooks or common idioms. Therefore, we must be good at drawing inferences based on the knowledge we have learned in class, comparing with each other, and identifying similarities and differences, so as to solve the problem of content word meaning in the test questions.
Common erroneous options for induction and summary questions
Looking at the college entrance examination classical Chinese questions in the past ten years, "Induction and summary" questions generally aim to find words that are in line with (or not in line with) the meaning of the original text. The option ? appears. The error modes of each option can be summarized as "misuse of cause and effect", "mixing of events", "making something out of nothing", "confusion of right and wrong" and "misunderstanding of words".
(1) Misuse of cause and effect. This type of error means that the two things in the original text do not constitute a causal relationship, but the options are treated as a causal relationship.
(2) Mixed events. This type of error refers to expressing two or three things together, confusing adverbials, attributives or other conditions.
(3) Create something out of nothing. This means that the original text does not have this intention, but the content is added to the options. As stated in item C of question 19 of the college entrance examination: (Di Renjie was admonishing), which made Gaozong feel very embarrassed, so he had to accept Di Renjie's advice. There are two more things here that are inconsistent with the original text, namely "embarrassed" and "had to say". Gaozong's "embarrassed" is not expressed in the original text, but the sentence "Gaozong's meaning is the explanation" fully shows that Gaozong was not a last resort when accepting advice. for it. The error in this question is made out of nothing.
(4) Confusing right and wrong. This type of error means that the original text has relevant expressions, but the expressions in the options are exactly the opposite of the original text.
(5) Misunderstanding of words. This type of error is very small, because often only one word is misinterpreted, while other expressions are completely correct.