Dynasty: Tang Dynasty
Author: Li Bai
A gust of wind blew catkins, which made the shop more fragrant. A girl from Wu poured wine and advised me to drink it. (Persuade the guest: call the guest)
Comrades in my city came to see me off. When each of them drank his glass, I said to him when leaving.
Oh, ask this river flowing eastward, whether it can go further than the love of friends! ?
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This poem is a farewell poem left by the author to his friends when he is about to leave Jinling for Yangzhou. Although the space is short, it has deep feelings. This poem leads to a different hotel by writing about the midsummer scenery, paving a happy farewell scene; Immediately write Wu Ji to reward customers with wine, showing the generous hospitality of the people of Wu; Finally, in the interweaving of flowers, the moving scene of the exchange of words between subject and object jumps from the paper, and the sigh that is unintentional is naturally coming. The whole poem is full of enthusiasm, which embodies the deep friendship and uninhibited character of Li Bai and his friends in Jinling. Smooth and lively, natural and natural, fresh and elegant, lasting appeal, especially the last two sentences, using personification, metaphor, comparison, questioning and other techniques, the concept is novel and unique, strong appeal.
"A gust of wind blows, catkins are fragrant in the shop, and Wu Ji presses the wine to persuade the guests to taste." The breeze blows catkins, and the hotel overflows with fragrance; Wu Ji held out the newly squeezed wine and advised the guests to taste it. "Jinling" obviously belongs to Jiangnan and "Liu Hua", indicating that it is late spring. It's March in the south of the Yangtze River, with misty willow smoke and intoxicated spring breeze. As soon as the poet walked into the shop, the refreshing smell came to his face. This word "Xiang" connects the inside and outside of the store. Jinling belonged to Emperor Wu in ancient times, so the local woman was called "Wu Ji", which means housewife. She smiled and greeted the guests politely while pressing wine (that is, pressing distiller's grains to get wine juice). In the meantime, it is really like a spring breeze, which is intoxicating and fascinating.
These two sentences write a strong Jiangnan flavor. Although it is not clearly written outside the store, there are "peanut trees and birds flying around" outside the store, and the world of wheat straw filled with willow smoke is faintly visible. At this time, both the poet and the reader's vision, smell and hearing are mobilized.
"Liu Hua", that is, catkins, doesn't matter at first, but some poets have smelled it. For example, the legend "Don't sing in spring, which makes people feel estranged." Lang Xing has not returned for a long time, and Liu Zi is fragrant with snow. The use of the word "Xiang" shows that any vegetation has its faint fragrance, and the word "Xiang" represents the breath of spring, which not only vividly draws a poetic artistic conception, but also lays the foundation for the later wine fragrance. In fact, to understand "full store fragrance", you don't have to stick to "a bright future". It should be the fragrance of flowers from the spring breeze, the fragrance of soil and vegetation, the fragrance of wine, and probably the "fragrance of the heart", which is the so-called fragrance of the heart. The "shop" here, at first glance, doesn't know what it is, but it is obvious from the following sentence that it refers to the hotel. Only the willow flowers in the hotel will give off fragrance, otherwise even the most elegant antique bookstore can't stand the coordination of the words "a gust of wind brings catkins and makes the store more fragrant" in the scene. Therefore, the word "Xiang" seems abrupt at first glance, but it feels so appropriate in detail.
"The comrades in my city came to see me off. When each of them drank his glass, I said to him." A group of young people from Jinling came here to see the poet off. Send-off wine, you pour me a glass, both those who want to go and those who don't. Some people think that this shows that the gift giver is diligent in persuading wine and reluctant to say goodbye; Say goodbye and don't want to go, infinite nostalgia, so "do what you want." Li Bai's trip is to Yangzhou. Later, he said in "History of Shang 'an Peichang": "In that year, I traveled to the east before the end of the year, and I scattered more than 300,000. There are several poor sons, and I know all about them. This is white, so I can give it. " Li Bai is very generous and likes to make friends. At that time, he was young and rich, and he was generous with wealth, so he had many friends. The same is true of Jinling. A group of friends drink and say goodbye. Teenagers are just young, full of interest, and have no intention of hurting others, which is also in line with the characteristics of young people. "Do your best" means drinking a glass of dry wine. Shang, a vessel for holding wine.
Oh, ask this river flowing eastward, whether it can go further than the love of friends! ? Is the end of the event. A thousand miles away, there will be a farewell, and this farewell banquet will eventually break up. At this time, when I gave you my hand, I couldn't help feeling sad. The poet expresses his farewell through water, which is longer than the water flowing eastward? Its charm embodies the poet's always romantic and unrestrained style, which reminds people of the poet's sentence "Peach Blossom Pond is deeper than thousands of feet, not as good as Wang Lun". "
Emotion is abstract, even if it is deep and thick, it can't be seen or touched; And the river is vivid, giving people the feeling that it is endless. However, the poet is not a simple metaphor, but a comparison of questions. He is fascinated by the vast land, seemingly closed but not closed, incoherent and endless, giving people room for imagination. In this way of expression, Li Bai may be inspired by his predecessors. For example, Xie Tiao wrote "The river flows day and night, and the guest's heart is sad", while Li Bai wrote it more vividly and naturally. It has the same effect as "Peach Blossom Pond is deeper than thousands of feet and not as good as Wang Lun".
This poem is ingeniously conceived. The first sentence, "A gust of wind brings catkins and sweetens the shop", is a nobody's business, and the second sentence, "Wu Ji pressed the wine to persuade customers to taste". Luo Hongfen met people who drank, and people appeared at the scene, and when the teenagers of "Jinling Children" poured in, the hotel was even more lively. When I was leaving, I didn't necessarily have the intention of drinking, but Wu Ji's advice made me more emotional. The arrival of "Jinling Xiaoer" made me more emotional, and no one wanted to leave. But it happened that I had to leave, and the word "come to see me off" was 10% off, which poured cold water on the lively scene above and pointed out that the lively scene was a prelude to cold silence. Li Bai is leaving Jinling. However, you can't leave such a hot house for a big step. Then it becomes "when each of them drinks his glass dry, I say to him when leaving", where aspiring poets are too stubborn to get drunk, and unsuccessful senders like each other too much, so the ending is "Oh, ask this river flowing eastward, if it can go further than the love of friends!" It came out, and this lyric short song ended leisurely with implicit brushwork.
Many people write more about parting than words. The so-called "parting from sorrow". However, there is not even a trace of sadness in Li Bai's poems, only another meaning. The poet was in Huamao when he was young. He left behind a group of young friends instead of one or two confidants. This farewell feeling was written by him, full and hearty, melodious and ups and downs, sighing but not sad, full of youthful and heroic feelings.
translate
The spring breeze blew the catkin hotel full of fragrance, and the maid held out the wine and advised me to taste it carefully.
Young friends from Jinling rushed to see them off. If you want to leave or stay, you can drink your emotions.
Excuse me, Liu Donghe, who is shorter and longer than it?
To annotate ...
Jinling: Nanjing, Jiangsu Province today. Restaurant: Hotel. Farewell: Leave a poem for farewell.
The wind blows: a "white door".
Wu Ji: Wudi young woman, here refers to the hotel maid.
Press wine: press distiller's grains into wine. In ancient times, new wine was ripe and used only when it was ready to drink.
Call: one is "persuasion" and the other is "persuasion".
Children: refers to Li Bai's friends.
Want to go: the person who will go refers to the poet himself. No: those who don't leave, that is, those who see me off, refer to Jinling children.
Shāng: Drink up the wine in the glass. Wine glasses.
Q: One is "ask for it"
Creation background
This poem was written in 726 AD (14th year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty). Li Bai stayed in Jinling (now Nanjing, Jiangsu) for about half a year in the autumn when he went out to Shu. In the spring of the 14th year of Kaiyuan, the poet went to Yangzhou. When he left, a friend gave him a farewell dinner at the hotel. Li Bai wrote this poem as a farewell.