A China poet said, "Words are full of meaning." Another poet said: "The scenery that is difficult to write is like the present: it contains infinite meaning and can be seen outside the words." It is in line with Welland's poetry theory to sort out the unspeakable and difficult-to-berth realm in the most finely determined form:
That gray song
Fuzzy connection and then accurate. This is the characteristic of China's poems that ordinary readers in the West think: full of hints. I want to put it another way, saying that this is a silence of pregnancy. What you say is not as good as what you don't say, but what you can't say by innuendo. Keats famously said:
The music you can hear is really beautiful, but the music you can't hear is more beautiful.
Our poet also said, "Silence is better than sound"; He also said, "It is wonderful to know silent strings." Sometimes, he lures you to the edge of the language, and there is a deep silence below: "That makes sense, I forgot what I wanted to say." "Speak indifferently and leave the single chorus."
Sometimes he can't do it, which makes you disappointed with Philip Burkart: "How beautiful she looks, open the pearly window and sit with a frown;" You can see the bright tears on her cheeks now, but you can't see the man she loves so much. Baoyu said, "I asked your apprentice under a pine tree, and he said,' My teacher went to collect medicine.' "。 However, through these clouds, how can I know which corner of the mountain it is facing? . "This" I don't know "is so sultry! An intriguing fact is that China's poems end in a questioning tone, which is more than any western poem I know. Give a very common example. There is a formula of "where" in Latin poetry of the Middle Ages in the West, which is used to lament unforgivable death. This formula has been used in English, French, German, Italian, Russian and Czech poems. The most wonderful one is Wei Rong's Song of Ancient Beauty, which asks where Xi Shi, Nan Wei or Wang Zhaojun and Yang Guifei are, and then draws a conclusion: "But where was the snow last year? "
Coincidentally, this formula is used most frequently in China's poems, such as "All strong men die. Are the rest of you safe? " "The emperor in the pavilion today? The Yangtze River flows freely outside the threshold. " "This year, the color of flowers has changed. Who will blossom next year? " "Where are the people who come to play with the moon? The scenery is vaguely like last year. ... spring is gone, where are people? Where is spring when people go? " The Duke of Shakespeare's Twelfth Night might say:
That's enough. Not anymore. Even if there is, it is not as beautiful as before.
China poets, like Byron's "Elegy for the Greeks", miraculously asked:
Where are they? Where are you?
Ask without answering, answer with asking, and give you a thrilling answer with nothing to swallow. What remains, as Mulet said before he died, is only silence-silence deeply immersed in tears and sighs. I intentionally ignored the contents of China's poems. There is no difference in content between China's poems and those of the West. China has many social poems and few religious poems. That's all. Pastoral poetry, for example, is not the mysterious love of romanticism for nature, but the carefree forest of classicism. Some people think that this is the characteristic of China's poetry. However, from the second volume of Roman Horace's satirical anthology, works of the same type as China's pastoral poems have become successful works in western poetry. Another example is the following two poems, which are acknowledged to be permeated with China's unique emotional appeal: "Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, leisurely seeing Nanshan. The mountains are getting better and better, and the birds are back. " "Birds fly high, and lonely clouds go alone. Seeing each other tirelessly, I only respect Tingshan. " Let me compare two very common foreign poems. The first is the first section of Gray's mourning in the cemetery:
On the day when the evening bell struck,
Cattle and sheep are howling on the Yuan Ye,
The farmer strode home wearily,
Only twilight and I share the world equally.
The second is Goethe's "Nocturnal of the Wanderer":
The breeze gathers sawdust,
The crowd moved towards the top of the mountain.
Birds sleep quietly,
I also want to retire.
The tone is strikingly similar to that of Tao Yuanming and Li Taibai. Chinese and western poems not only have the same content, but also often coincide in style. Squirrel said that the quietness of China's poems reminded him of Villeland's style. As I have explained in detail elsewhere, pure poetry produced by Poe's poetic method in your country existed in our poems thousands of years ago. Know the author and his works.
2. Understand the similarities and differences between China's poetry and western poetry. 1. Be familiar with the characteristics of China's poems and improve their reading ability.
2. Master the method of comparative study and learn to study other literary phenomena. 1. From the analysis of paragraph composition, we can understand the originality of the author's conception.
2. Guide students to understand and analyze profound language and taste the originality of the author's language. 1. Take synthesis as the key link and comparison as the net to analyze the characteristics of article layout.
2. Analyze the wonderful use of metaphor in the article. 1. Read again and again to get the general idea. This article is classic and quaint, but all the words and sentences, layout, clever structure and witty remarks need to be deeply tasted and recited repeatedly.
2. Learn grammar according to the literal meaning. To understand this article, we need to master the structure of the article first. The biggest feature of the structure of this paper is to make a statement at the beginning, clarify the principles of discussion, and then expand it layer by layer and discuss it separately. In the discussion, the comparison at any time makes the article ups and downs and unique.
3. Don't seek the whole picture, carve the essence. Another key point of understanding this article is not to seek the whole picture, but to seek meticulous carving; In particular, Miao Yan's vivid and clever quips in the article are worth pondering.
training/teaching aid
Multimedia projection
Class arrangement
1 class hour