Academic goal
1. Understand the artistic style of parallel prose and flat rhyme.
2. Understand the detailed and appropriate writing features of this article.
3. Experience the arrangement and satire of this article, as well as its rich imagination and bizarre exaggeration.
4. Understand and summarize the usage of words such as "I, love, take, race, ambiguity and heaven".
5. Recite the full text.
Teaching emphases and difficulties
1. Describe the artistic image of Epang Palace clearly by imagination and exaggeration. And describe it as a discussion, which makes the description strengthen the deep writing characteristics.
2. Understand the content of the article and recite the full text.
teaching process
first kind
First, import
In the Qin Dynasty, Qin Shihuang suspected that Xianyang, the capital, was crowded and the original palace was small, so he built a new palace in the south of the capital, which was huge and isolated from the sun, and it was not completed until Qin Dou. It was not until Xiang Yu led his troops into Xianyang that a fire burned it down. It is said that the fire burned for three months. There are only rammers and pedestals left in this huge palace building, which is Epang Palace. Today, let's study Du Mu's Epang Palace Fu.
Second, solve the problem.
1. style
"Fu" is an important style in ancient China, and it is a genre between prose and poetry. "Wen Xin Diao Long Quan Fu" said: "Fu, paving also; Buy prose and write something. " Writing ambition with things is the content of Fu. Matting writing refers to the technique of matting.
Fu emphasizes the neatness of words and the harmony of tones; Pay attention to diffusion and exaggeration when describing things; There is a lot of discussion at the end to express the moral.
The evolution of fu style has gone through several stages: Sao style, Han fu, parallel prose, regular poetry and prose fu. This article belongs to Wen Fu.
2. Background
This article was written in the first year of Jingzong in Tang Dynasty (AD 825). At this time, the Tang Dynasty was in a state of collapse. Tang Jingzong Li Zhan acceded to the throne when he was young. He was fond of hunting, music, large-scale construction projects and did not care about state affairs. Du Mu's article is intended to satirize the present by describing the construction and destruction of Epang Palace, and to summarize the historical lessons of the Qin Dynasty's arrogance, extravagance and seclusion, so as to warn the rulers of the Tang Dynasty and hope that the rulers of the Tang Dynasty will take a warning and not repeat the same mistakes.
Third, grasp the whole.
1. Teachers demonstrate reading.
2. Students read by themselves and get familiar with the text.
3. Notes in students' reference books clarify examples and lead to difficulties.
Fourth, guide students to read paragraphs 1 and 2 by themselves.
(1) 1 paragraph:
1. The first floor: "Six or five years, four seas and one mountain, one room." Written the background of Epang Palace.
Key words:
Wu: Form-motion, cut.
One: name movement, unity.
Students recite.
2. The second layer: the overburden pressure is more than 300 li.
Write the area of Epang Palace.
Students recite.
3. The third floor: isolated from the sun, Lishan Mountain is built in the north and folded in the west, leading directly to Xianyang. Erchuan dissolves and flows into the palace wall. Write about scale and momentum.
Keywords; North Structure and West Fold: North and West Names-Shape
Straight to Xianyang: the general trend.
Students recite.
4. The fourth floor; Five steps to the first floor ... I don't know it's tens of millions.
Write about the pavilions and eaves of Epang Palace.
Key words:
Intrigue: different meanings in ancient and modern times.
Honeycomb water vortex: Honeycomb, water vortex, named as, like a honeycomb, and like a water vortex.
Students recite.
5. the fifth floor: the long bridge is located on the waves ... I don't know the west and the east.
Write long bridge and complex road.
Key words:
What is the dragon before the cloud: the cloud, the dragon, the famous dragon, and the dragon that appears.
No, Eric: The name of the rainbow-move it and it will appear.
Students recite.
6. Sixth floor: The platform is warm ... and the climate is uneven.
Writing desk and dance pavilion.
Key words:
Climate: Ambient atmosphere.
Students recite.
Summary: This paragraph describes the magnificence of Epang Palace from its construction background, area, scale, pavilions, eaves, long bridges in the palace, song and dance pavilions and so on.
(ii) Paragraph 2
1. 1 Floor: concubines ... all from Qin Gong.
Write about the origin of imperial secretary.
Key words:
Name-Calendar Ride.
Students recite.
2. The second floor: the stars are shining ... burning pepper orchids.
Write to many maids.
Key words:
Lv Yun: Green is green, not green, which gives people a visual sense of beauty.
Tidy up: Tidy up.
Students recite.
3. the third floor: more thunder and less rain ... there are still 36 years to hide.
Write about the fate of imperial secretary.
Key words:
Qian Zhi: It's been a long time.
And hope for luck: luck.
Students recite.
4. The fourth floor: Zhao Yan collection ... is not precious.
Write about the luxurious life in the palace.
Key words:
Dingdang jade, gold nuggets and pebbles: use Baoding as an iron pot, precious stones as stones, gold as clods and pearls as gravel.
Students recite.
Abstract: This passage describes the luxurious life of Epang Palace from the situation and life of the imperial secretary.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) assigns homework.
1. Recite paragraphs 1 and 2.
Preview paragraphs 3 and 4.
Second lesson
First, check the recitation.
Second, guide students to read the third and fourth paragraphs by themselves.
1. Keywords:
(1) Qin loves luxury: luxury
(2) Cross sill of straight rail: railing
(3) Poor scorched earth: poor, but a pity; Scorched earth: name-sports. Become scorched earth.
(4) Ethnic groups: genocide
(5) Later generations mourn it but don't learn it: learn it, move-move, and learn it.
2. The general idea of this paragraph is:
The third paragraph: Write that the debauchery of Qin Shihuang led to the demise of Qin State.
The fourth paragraph: Summarize the historical lessons, and hope that the current rulers will take a warning.
3. Summary:
The third paragraph uses "harmony and Hu" to closely link the two paragraphs, and then discusses the historical lessons of Qin, leading the later sigh and sigh style. Six sets of figurative sentences "make …… more ………" fully reveal the profound disasters brought by the luxury of the Qin Dynasty to the people. Finally, write the people's resistance, which is rapid, abnormal and devastating.
The fourth paragraph satirizes and exhorts future generations to take warning, which is an extension of the previous paragraph. The author kept sighing, but he couldn't help it. After "alas", he put forward an argument and expounded the truth of self-taking. Shen Fu states the following arguments, pointing out that loving the people is closely related to long-term stability. Finally, we use "descendants" to gently remind the rulers of the Tang Dynasty not to repeat the mistakes of Qin's death.
Third, borrow the past to satirize the present.
The writing purpose of this article is to satirize the local rulers by using the past and history, hoping to learn from history and remind them not to waste people and money for their own enjoyment, which eventually led to Qin's death.
Fourth, homework
1. Recite the third and fourth paragraphs.
2. Complete exercises 2, 3 and 4.