1. Understand the content
Understanding the content is the basic requirement of reading poetry, and it is also the premise of appreciation and evaluation.
The common contents of ancient poetry include: homesickness, nostalgia, history and things, nostalgia for the past and hurting the present, parting feelings, hatred in spring and sadness in autumn, and life experiences.
Pay attention to the following points when understanding the content:
(1) study poetry word for word. The key words in a poem often directly reveal the feelings of life and reflect the feelings of the author, so the key words in the poem are the starting point for understanding the content.
Grasping the artistic conception as a whole, only by grasping the artistic conception as a whole can we prevent generalizations and correctly understand the meanings of images and poems;
(3) Pay attention to capture the implied information, some poems are puns, and some have "overtones", so we should carefully ponder the whole poem and dig deep meanings through superficial meanings;
④ Pay attention to the analysis of the title of a poem, which is the "eye" of a poem, and analyzing the title of a poem is one of the important ways to correctly understand the content of a poem;
⑤ Understand the characteristics of ancient poetry, such as many omissions, jumps, inverted sentences, etc. When understanding, we should appropriately supplement the omitted components and adjust the word order.
⑥ Understanding the allusions in poetry and mastering some common sense of ancient culture are also obstacles to accurately understanding the content of poetry.
⑦ Pay attention to the relationship between the author's life and the background of the times when the work was produced;
⑧ Pay attention to understanding poetry with the help of annotations, and then accurately understand the whole poem;
2. Appreciate language, expression skills and artistic conception.
"Appreciation" means "recognition and appreciation". It is to analyze what kind of language, image and expression skills are used to express emotions in poetry, and to evaluate its effect.
To solve the appreciation problems of ancient poetry language, expression skills and artistic conception, we should understand some terms and pay attention to answering skills.
The commonly used terms in analyzing poetry language are: accurate, vivid, vivid, concise, incisive, concise, bright, fresh, novel, beautiful, gorgeous, implicit, simple and natural.
Expression skills play an important role in the appreciation of ancient poetry. Expression techniques such as allusions, comparison, rendering, communication, comparison, lyricism with things, scene blending, lyricism by borrowing scenery, combination of static and dynamic, combination of reality and falsehood, euphemism, contrast, allegory, symbol, pun, etc. The rhetorical methods commonly used in poetry include exaggeration, parallelism, duality, metaphor, metonymy, analogy, rhetorical question, rhetorical question and repetition.
Several images are combined to form a picture, an atmosphere and a situation to convey some thoughts and feelings, which is the artistic conception. The theme of poetry is embodied in the choice of images and the creation of artistic conception. Such as Ma Zhiyuan's "Tianjingsha Qiu Si". To appreciate ancient poetry, we should feel the vivid images in the works through language media, go deep into the artistic conception of the works and appreciate the artistic beauty of the poems. ?
When answering questions, we should pay special attention to the following points: first, we should stick to the requirements and not generalize; Second, the main points should be complete and should be considered from multiple angles; The third is to discuss poetry on the basis of poetry, not to quote classics or compare works outside the paper, but to appreciate the characteristics of the works themselves. Seek truth from facts, don't act rashly.