Year: Tang Author: Liu Zongyuan Style: Five Unique Categories: Recording Scenery
There are no birds flying over those mountains, and there are no traces of people in those paths.
A boat, a bamboo cloak, fishing alone in the cold snow.
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Precautions:
1, trace: footprint.
2. Dai Li Weng: A fisherman wearing hemp fiber and hat.
Rhyme translation:
Birds and mountains are all extinct;
All the roads, no sign of anyone.
Alone on the river, fisherman Dai Li;
Fishing alone is not afraid of ice and snow.
Comments:
This is a picture of the snow scene in Zhangjiang Township. The mountain is snow and the road is white. The birds disappeared, and so did the people. The distant scenery is boundless, and your scenery is lonely and cold. The artistic conception is secluded and lonely. The fisherman's image is beautifully carved, clear and complete.
Poetry uses rhyme, which always enhances taste and is powerful. Poets through the ages always talk to each other. Throughout the ages, Dan Qing's wonderful hands have been scrambling to draw many moving snow scenes on the river.
-Quoted from "Ultra-pure Zhai Shi" bookbest. 163.net Translation and comments: Liu Jianxun.
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This is a rhyming five-character quatrain, which is one of Liu Zongyuan's representative works. It was written during his exile in Yongzhou (now Lingling, Hunan).
After Liu Zongyuan was demoted to Yongzhou, he was greatly stimulated and depressed mentally. Therefore, by describing the scenery of mountains and rivers and praising the fisherman who lived in seclusion between mountains and rivers, he expressed his lofty and aloof feelings and his anguish and distress in political frustration. Therefore, Liu Zongyuan's landscape poems have a remarkable feature, that is
Is to write the objective realm more secluded, while the poet's subjective state of mind is relatively lonely, sometimes even too lonely, too cold and cheerless, without any human fireworks. This is obviously inseparable from his life experience and the development and change of his whole thoughts and feelings.
This song "Jiang Xue" is like this. The poet took us to a quiet and cold place in only twenty words. In front of the readers, there is such a picture: on the snowy river, a boat and an old fisherman are fishing alone on the icy river. What the poet shows his readers is this: the world is so pure and silent, spotless and silent; The fisherman's life is so noble, and his character is so aloof. In fact, this is an imaginary realm created by Liu Zongyuan because he hated the declining society of the Tang Dynasty at that time. Compared with the characters in Tao Yuanming's Peach Blossom Garden, I'm afraid they are still illusory and far away from the world. What the poet wants to describe in detail is very simple, but it is just a boat, an old fisherman wearing hemp fiber and Li hat, fishing on the snowy river, and that's all. However, in order to highlight the main description object, the poet did not hesitate to use half of the space to describe its background, and made the background as broad as possible, almost to an infinite extent. The wider the background, the more prominent the main description object. First of all, the poet used the words "Qianshan" and "Wanjing" to set off the following two pictures of "boating alone" and "fishing alone". Without the words "thousand" and "ten thousand", the words "loneliness" and "independence" at the back will appear bland and uninspiring. Secondly, birds flying on the mountain and people walking on the road are very common things and the most general image. But the poet put them under the "Qianshan" and "Wanjing" and added the word "absolutely" and "extinct", which suddenly turned the most common and summarized dynamic into extreme silence and absolute silence, forming an unusual scene. So the following two sentences used to be static descriptions. Because it is placed in this absolutely quiet background, it is exquisite, lively and lively. It can also be said that the first two sentences were originally a foil. According to the general understanding, it is enough to outline the outline, and there is no need to make great efforts to carve it. However, poets just don't handle it this way. It's like making a movie. How many close-ups are used to explain and reflect every corner of the background? The more specific and detailed you write, the more exaggerated you are. The last two sentences, originally the object of the poet's intentional description, turned into a long-distance lens, which was reduced many times, giving readers an ethereal feeling, visible and intangible. Only by writing in this way can we express the lofty and detached thoughts and feelings that the author is eager to show to readers. As for the formation of this sense of remoteness, it is mainly the effect that the author adds a word "snow" at the end of the whole poem, which is connected with the word "Jiang".
In this poem, everything is snowy, the mountains are snowy, the roads are snowy, and "Qian Shan" and "Wanjing" are snowy, making "birds fly away" and "people disappear". Even the awning and fisherman's hat are covered with snow. But the author did not explicitly associate these scenes with "snow". On the contrary, in this painting, there is only Jiang and only Rulu. Of course, the river will not store snow, and it will not be covered by snow. Even if it falls into the river, it will immediately become water. However, the author only used the word "cold river snow" to connect the two farthest images, giving people a vague, distant and narrow feeling and forming a long-distance lens. This makes the main object described in the poem more concentrated, dexterous and prominent. Because even the river seems to be covered with snow, even the places where there is no snow are covered with snow, which completely describes the dense and thick snow and completely sets off the atmosphere of water and sky. As for the word "cold" used above, it is of course to point out the climate; But the poet's subjective intention is to write the fisherman's spiritual world quietly. Imagine, in such a cold and quiet environment, the old fisherman is not afraid of the cold and the snow, forgetting everything and devoting himself to fishing. Although his body is lonely, his personality is lofty and aloof, even a little awe-inspiring. This illuminated and beautified image of the fisherman is actually the sustenance and portrayal of Liu Zongyuan's own thoughts and feelings. It can be seen that the word "Hanjiangxue" is the "finishing touch", which organically links the front and back parts of the whole poem, not only forming a concise and general picture, but also shaping a complete and prominent image of the fisherman.
Describe the background in a concrete and meticulous way, and depict the subject image in a long-distance picture; Fine and extremely exaggerated generalizations are intricately unified in a poem, which is the unique artistic feature of this landscape poem.
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Furong Mountain on a snowy night
Year: Tang Author: Liu Changqing Style: Five Musts
The setting sun is far away, the weather is cold and the house is poor.
Chai Men heard dogs barking and went home on a snowy night.
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This poem, with an extremely concise pen, depicts a picture of a cold mountain staying, a tourist staying at dusk and a snowman as the material. Poetry is written in chronological order. The first sentence is about the feeling of tourists traveling on the mountain road at dusk, the second sentence is about what they saw at the boarding house, and the last two sentences are about what they heard at the boarding house after nightfall. Each poem constitutes an independent picture and is interrelated. There are pictures in the poem, but the feelings are seen outside.
At the beginning of the poem, the words "the setting sun is far away" are used to outline a picture of the twilight and the long mountain road. There is no clear description of the characters in the poem, but it makes readers feel that their people are ready to go, and their feelings are vividly on the paper. Here, the word "far" points to a vivid picture and reveals a poetic scene. It gives people hints and imagination. From this word, the reader will naturally want to see someone marching on the mountain road at dusk, and infer his lonely and tired travel situation and his desire to stay. Next, the second sentence of the poem asks the reader to follow the pedestrian's line of sight, along this mountain road, and invest in the home for the night. The cold weather and poor house are the portrayal of this family. And the word "poor" should be the impression formed after seeing the hut from a distance to knocking at the door. Writing "sunset" before the previous sentence "Cangshan is far away" and writing "cold weather" before this sentence "Baijia is poor" are all ways to increase the level and weight of the poem. The long mountain road has made people feel that the road is far away, and it is even farther to see the sunset; The humble hut has made people feel poor, and it is even poorer in winter. Looking at the context, the word "cold weather" in this sentence also has its connecting link. Inheritance is to further render the color of sunset road; Revelation is the foreshadowing of a snowstorm at night.
These first two poems, which add up to only ten words, have already written the scenes of hiking and house. The last two poems, "Chai Men smells dogs barking, and returns to people in the snowy night", were written after he stayed in Shanjia. In terms of words, "Chai Men" is connected with "White House", "snow" is connected with "cold" and "night" is connected with "sunset". In this way, from the perspective of the whole poem, although the second half of the poem opens up another poetic realm, it is closely connected with the first half, so as not to make readers feel out of touch. But here, the cause has made a leap. It seems that since the "dog barks" at night, most travelers who are tired of hiking have already gone to bed; There should be something to describe from dusk to night, from cold invasion to snowstorm, from entering the hut to going to bed, but the pen skips this paragraph and omits some plots, making the poem particularly refined and more compact. The poet deliberated between various choices. If this effort is not made, perhaps the second half of the poem should further describe the depression of people living in houses, write about the desolation of mountain houses and the silence of the environment, or write about the coming of snow at night. Otherwise, you can also write about your own travel and your thoughts after staying overnight. But the poet put these things aside and didn't write. Unexpectedly, he saw a noisy dog barking in the silence. This shows the change of scale, giving people the feeling that a strange peak suddenly appeared on the flat ground.
As far as writing is concerned, the first half of a poem is written according to what you see and hear, and the second half is written according to what you hear and hear. Because, since the night has come and people have gone to bed, it is impossible to write what they have seen and heard, but only what they have heard and heard. The sentence "Chai Men" should be written in the dark and heard on the couch in the hospital; The word "snowstorm" should not be seen, but heard, because I heard all kinds of voices and knew that someone had come back in the snowstorm. I only wrote "Smell the dog barking" here, probably because it was the first sound to break the still night, and it was also the first sound I heard, but what I actually heard was not only the dog barking, but also the sound of Melissa Zhou, knocking at the door, the sound of Chai Men's switch, the sound of family members' response, and so on. These sounds are intertwined. Although the person who spent the night was not in the hospital and had never seen it, it was enough to conceive the picture of returning from the snowstorm from this noisy sound.
When the poem was written here, its meaning was not extended and it came to an abrupt end. It didn't take long to explain the feelings of people who listened to these voices and conceived this picture. However, the feeling of desolation in the mountains revealed from it is self-evident that it triggers the feelings of travelers in the quiet night.
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It snows at night
Year: Tang Author: Bai Juyi School: Ancient Capital of Five Dynasties
This night, the pillow was ice, which surprised me. I saw the light snow outside the window.
It's late at night until it snows heavily, because you can hear the sound of bamboo branches breaking from time to time.
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Who knows how big the snow is at night? This is because we can hear the sound of bamboo branches snowing from time to time.
This five-line poem was written in Jiangzhou, Sima Ren. That is to say, lying in bed at night suddenly feels a little cold, and then I see the window shining. It turned out to be snowing. I always hear the sound of bamboo being crushed and know that it is snowing heavily. When I feel the cold window is bright, I know that there is snow, I smell the sound of bamboo, I know the weight of snow, and my writing is tortuous, ingenious and unique. Writing scenery also contains feelings in scenery. Snow on a Cold Night and the Sound of Folding Bamboo euphemistically convey the poet's loneliness and infinite feelings after being relegated.
-Quoted from Appreciation of All Tang Poems edited by Li Jizhou/
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Snow is unique among many children in nature. She decorated Guanshan's magical skills with white and crystal-clear natural beauty and won the praise of countless poets in past dynasties. In the dazzling snow-chanting chapter, Bai Juyi's Snow at Night looks so ordinary, with neither color description nor gesture description. At first glance, it is almost inconspicuous, but after careful taste, you will find that it is dignified and simple, fresh and elegant, and it is a unique flower.
This poem is novel and unique. First of all, we should have a good idea. There are not many poems about night snow, which is related to the characteristics of snow itself. Snow is silent and tasteless, and can only be distinguished by color, shape and posture. In the dark night, people's vision completely loses its function, and naturally they can't capture the image of snow. However, it is from this special situation that Bai Juyi, who is willing to innovate, avoids the usual frontal description method and uses the side to set off all the snow, thus vividly writing a night snow.
"I am shocked and I feel cold", starting with people's feelings. By "cold", it is not only pointed out that there is snow, but also implied that it is very heavy, because life experience has proved that when it first snows, the cold in the air is completely absorbed by water vapor and condensed into snowflakes, and the temperature will not drop immediately. Only when it is heavy will it aggravate the cold in the air. It's already very cold here, so it snowed for a long time. Not only Cold is about snow, but In a daze is also about snow. The reason why people didn't notice it at first and suddenly woke up when the cold came is because the snow fell silently, which is another feature of writing snow besides "cold". This sentence is very tight, feeling that "the pillow is cold" just means that someone has been lying at night, thus pointing out that it is "night snow." See the window again, and further write the night snow from the visual point of view. Seeing the window bright at night shows that it is snowing heavily and deeply, and it is the strong reflection of snow that brings light to the dark night. All the above are written on the side, but it snows everywhere at night.
"It snows heavily at night, sometimes listening to the sound of bamboo" is still a profile description, written only from the perspective of hearing. The sound of snow pressing on bamboo branches indicates that the snow is increasing. The poet deliberately chose the detail of "folding bamboo" to express the word "heavy", which has a different feeling. The sound of "bamboo folding" sounded in the middle of the night, showing the silence of winter night, and more importantly, writing the poet's sleepless night; This is not only for the "cold pillow", but also reveals the loneliness of the poet when he lives in Jiangzhou. Because the poet reveals his unique feelings with true feelings, this poem "Snow at Night" is unique, poetic, implicit and has enduring charm.
The whole poem is plain and elegant, without a trace of ostentation and extravagance, beautifully carved, which is the inherent style of Bai Juyi's poetry.