How much common sense do you know about ancient literature?

1. Ancient Myths China's famous ancient myths include: Goddess mending the sky, Houyi shooting at the sun, Jingwei filling the sea, Pangu opening the sky, and Huangdi fighting against Chiyou. 2. Pre-Qin literature (1) Confucian classics. The Five Classics refer to The Book of Songs, Shangshu, Book of Rites, Yijing and Chunqiu. Six Classics, also known as Six Arts, added Yue after the Five Classics. "Four Books" refers to The Analects of Confucius, Mencius, Daxue and The Doctrine of the Mean. (2) Historical essays include Zuo Zhuan, Warring States Policy and Mandarin. Biography of Gu Liang, Biography of Zuo and Biography of Ram are all three biographies explaining Spring and Autumn Annals. (3) The Book of Songs was originally called "Poetry" and later called "Poetry 300". Famous articles include Guanju, Cutting Tan, Storytelling and July. The Book of Songs, the earliest collection of poems in China, contains 305 poems from the early Zhou Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn Period, which are divided into three categories: style, elegance and vulgarity, and fu, creating an excellent tradition of realism in China's ancient poetry creation. (4) Lao Zi, Li Er, also known as Bo Yang, was later called "Lao Zi". China was a great philosopher and thinker in ancient times, the founder of Taoist school and a world cultural celebrity. According to legend, in his later years, Lao Zi traveled westward by young cattle, and wrote 5,000-word classics of Tao Te Ching in Hanguguan, also known as the True Classic of Morality, Lao Zi and Lao Zi's 5,000 Articles, which contained rich dialectical thoughts, so Lao Zi was honored as the "father of China's philosophy". (5) Confucius, whose real name is Qiu, also known as Ni Fu, Father, Lu Ren, founder of Confucianism. The main speech and thoughts are compiled as The Analects of Confucius, with a total of 20 articles, each with the first two words as the title, such as Learning from Time. It records the words and deeds of Confucius and his disciples and represents the basic ideas of Confucius. (6) Lu historian Zuo Qiuming. The main works are Zuo Zhuan, also known as Zuo's Spring and Autumn Annals. Cao Gui's debate is selected from this book. Zuo Zhuan is the first chronological history book and historical prose in China, which records the historical facts in the Spring and Autumn Period and is full of literariness. (7) Mencius, whose real name was Ke, was a representative figure of Confucianism in the Warring States Period, and was famous for his elegance. This book was edited by its disciples. The main speech and thoughts are compiled as Mencius, with 7 articles * * *, each with the first word as the title, such as Liang Huiwang, Gong Sunchou and Gao Zi. Recorded Mencius' thoughts and political remarks. Mencius was good at argumentation and metaphor, which had a great influence on the development of later argumentative essays. (8) Liezi, named Yu Kou, is a Taoist priest. His main work is Liezi, also known as Xu Chong Zhen Jing. "A Mountain of Yugong" comes from this book. (9) Zhuangzi, whose real name is Zhou, is a real person in southern China and a representative of Taoism. His main works are Zhuangzi, also known as South China Classic, with 33 existing works. Hundred schools of thought's philosophical prose, with strong romanticism, has a great influence on later literature. (10) Xunzi, Ming Qing. After avoiding Liu Xun (Emperor Xuan Di), he changed his name to Sun Qing. The main work is Xunzi, among which "Encouraging Learning" and "The Theory of Heaven" are the most representative. Another work, Fu Pian, had an influence on the rise of Han Fu. He established an ideological system with Confucianism as the main body and legalism combined with other theories. Han Fei and Li Si are the inheritors of their thoughts on the rule of law and belong to different philosophical schools. (1 1) Han Fei is a master of legalism. His main works are Han Feizi, with 55 books. Bian Que met with Cai Huangong, Wu Zhu, South China Chu Shi, etc. All of them are from this book, which is hundred schools of thought's philosophical essays and the representative work of pre-Qin legalists. (12) Lv Buwei, Qin Xiang, gathered his followers and compiled Lv Chunqiu. His main works are Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals, also known as Lu Lan, 160. From this book, Cha Jin and Cha Chuan have been included in philosophical papers of various schools and representative works of miscellaneous schools. Qu Yuan, his name is Ping. The first patriotic romantic poet in China created a new poetic style of Chu Ci and was listed as a world cultural celebrity. His main works include Li Sao, Nine Songs (including Shan Gui, Mourning the Country, etc. 1 1), Tian Wen and Nine Chapters (including nine articles such as Shooting the River, Mourning for the Country, Ode to Orange, etc.). In the Western Han Dynasty, Liu Xiang compiled a "Songs of Chu", with Qu as the main part. Because of its strong Chu local color, it is called "Chu Ci", and later generations call this poetic style "Chu Ci Style" and "Sao Style", which created the romantic tradition of China's poetry. Guo Feng in Li Sao and The Book of Songs is also called coquettish and has become synonymous with literature. (14) 33 pieces of the warring States policy. Liu Xiang is a national history book and historical prose compiled according to the historical materials of the Western Han Dynasty. It mainly records the political opinions and struggle strategies put forward by counselors and military strategists during the Warring States period when they lobbied governors or argued with each other, as well as their political activities, which had a great influence on the creation of essays and ci poems in later generations. 3. Han Dynasty literature (1) Jia Yi, also known as Jia Sheng, Jia Changsha and Jia Taifu. The main work is a new book. In addition, The Ode to Diaoqu Yuan is the first and has great influence. (2) Liu An, Huainan Wang. His main works are Huainan Zi, also known as Huainan Lie Hong. Stories such as The Goddess Mends the Sky, Houyi Shoots the Sun, and the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon all come from this place. (3) Sima Qian, long word, also known as Taishigong, referred to as Shi Qian. He and Sima Guang are called "two Sima in history", and Ban Gu is called "Ban Ma". The main works are Historical Records, also known as Taishi Gongshu, 130 volumes, including biographies 12 volumes, 8 volumes, 10 table, 30 subjects and 70 biographies. Historical Records is a historical prose, and China's first biography is a general history, which created five styles: biography, biography, table and book. Known as "true record, faithful history", "historian's swan song, blank poem", one of the "two treasures" of historiography, and the first of the previous "three histories and four histories". (4) Ban Gu, whose real name is Meng Jian, is a native of Fufeng Anling (now northeast of Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province) and is one of the "Banma". His main works are Hanshu. It is one of the earliest "three histories and four histories" that created the style of biographical history books. (5) Yuefu folk songs and fu music. Yuefu was originally a collection of poems by music institutions in the Han Dynasty, while Fu was a synthesis of ancient poems and essays in China. His main works are Shang Mo Sang, Shang Xie, the Tenth Five-Year Conscription and Peacock Flying Southeast. The first four are found in Guo Maoqian's Yuefu Poetry in the Song Dynasty, and the last one is found in Xu Ling's New Yutai Fu in the Southern Dynasties. Peacock Flying Southeast is the longest narrative poem in ancient China and the peak of the development of narrative poems in Han Yuefu. Peacock Flying Southeast and Mulan Poetry are both called "Yuefu and Yuefu". 4. Literature of Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties (1) "Three Caos" means Cao Zhi's father and son Cao Cao, Cao Pi and Cao Zhi. Cao Cao's view of the sea, Cao Pi's trip to Li Hao, Cao Zhi's famous names, white horses and Luo Shenfu are all famous. (2) "Seven sons of Jian 'an": Kong Rong, Chen Lin, RoyceWong, Xu Gan, Ruan Yu, Angelababy and Liu Zhen. "Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest": Ruan Ji, Ji Kang, Dan Tao, Liu Ling, Wang Rong, Xiang Xiu and Ruan Xian. (3) Zhuge Liang, whose real name is Wolong, keeps watch in the town. The main works are Zhuge Liang Ji and Liezi. (4) Gan Bao, the word rises. His main works are Searching for the Gods, Mo Xie, Ganjiang River and Donghai Filial Wife. Seeking God is one of China's earliest collections of short stories, most of which are mysterious novels. (5) Tao Yuanming, whose name is hidden and his word is bright, is the first outstanding pastoral poet in China, Mr. Wu Liu. He is the author of Tao Yuanming's Collection, and his representative works include Peach Blossom Garden, Gui Xi Ci, Gui Yuan, Drinking and so on. (6) Ye Fan, whose real name is, wrote the Book of Were Han. Biography chronology is one of the earliest "four histories". (7) Liu Yiqing attacked and sealed King Linchuan. The main works are Shi Shuo, which was called Shi Shuo Shu Xin in Tang Dynasty and Shi Shuo Xin Yu in Song Dynasty. It is a note novel, which records the anecdotes of the characters in Wei and Jin Dynasties, and it is also the beginning of the mystery novel. (8) Liu Xie, whose name was Yanhe, became a monk in his later years, and his legal name was Hui Di. The main work is Wen Xin Diao Long, which is China's first monograph on literary theory. (9) The main works of Yuefu in the Northern Dynasties are Mulan Poetry, Chile Song and Yang Zhe Liu Ge Ci, all of which are included in Yuefu Poetry Collection. 5.( 1) Chen Ziang, Apollo, was born in Shehong, Zizhou (now Sichuan). His main works include 38 lyric poems. His "Youzhou Tower" expresses his talents directly. (2) Wang Bo, with the word An, is one of the "four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty" (Luo, Lu, Yang Jiong). The main works are Wang Zian Collection, the most famous of which are Farewell to Du DuDu's Appointment and Preface to Wang Tengting. He achieved the highest achievement among the "Four Masters". He, whose real name is Ji Zhen, is called Siming fanatic. His main works are "Singing Willow" and "My Hometown Book". (4) Wang Zhihuan, Ji Ling. His main works are Liangzhou Ci and In the Heron Building. The quatrains "Liangzhou Ci" is known as "the masterpiece of quatrains in Tang Dynasty" and belongs to the frontier poetry school. (5) Meng Haoran, whose real name is Hao, was born in Xiangyang. The first person who wrote a large number of landscape poems in the Tang Dynasty was as famous as Wang Wei and was praised as "Wang Meng" by the world. His major works include Crossing the Old Village and Xiao Chun. And his collection is Meng Xiangyang's collection. (6) Wang Changling, from Jiangning. He used to be a captain of Long Biaobiao, internationally known as Wang Longbiao, a seven-legged master. His main works are Out of the Fortress and Join the Army. Later generations compiled The Collection of Wang Changling. Good frontier poems and palace resentment poems. (7) Wang Wei, the word rubbings, is the right post of Shangshu, so he is called Wang Youcheng. Poet and painter. Together with Meng Haoran, he is a representative figure of the pastoral poetry school in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. His main works are "Send Yuan to Twenty Shores Xi", also known as "Birds Singing Creek in the Yangguan Qumen". Su Shi praised his works for "painting in poetry" and "poetry in painting". (8) Gao Shi, whose name is Duff, was once a casual rider and was known as Gao Changshi. Also known as "Gao Cen" with Cen Can, he was also a representative of the frontier poetry school in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. His main works are Yan Gexing and Don't Move Big. Later generations compiled "Gaochang Historical Records". (9) Li Bai, the word Taibai, also known as the violet laity, is called "Poet Fairy". Just like Du Fu, he is called "Du Li". One of the three great poets in Tang Dynasty. His major works include Dream of Climbing Mount Tianmu, Difficult Road to Shu, Midnight, Looking at Tianmen Mountain, Autumn Songs, and Uncle Yun of Xie Tiao Louzhan School in Xuanzhou, etc. This is Li Taibai's collection. It belongs to the romantic and unrestrained school, and its works belong to the peak of classical poetry art. Han Yu praised: "Du Li's article is there, and the flame is long. "(10) Du Fu, with a nice word, called himself Shaoling Night Old. He used to be Zuo Shiyi and Yuan Wailang in the proofreading department, and was also called Du Shiyi and Du Gongbu. Just like Li Bai, he is called "Poet Saint". One of the three great poets in Tang Dynasty. His major works include Military Vehicle Shop, Hope in Spring, Autumn Wind Breaking Grass House, Imperial Army Recovering the Banks of the Yellow River, Three Officials (Xin 'an Official, Shihu Official and Tongguan Official) and Three Farewells (Newly Married, Resigned, Homeless). His works are the pinnacle of realistic poetic art and are called "the history of poetry". This well-known Yuefu poem directly promoted the new Yuefu movement headed by Bai Juyi later. (1 1) Cen Can, formerly known as Cen Jiazhou, was a history assassin. An important representative of the frontier poetry school. His main works include Bai Xuege Farewell to Tian Wu's Home, Greeting Beijing Messenger, etc., which are called Cenjiazhou's poems. (12) Meng Jiao, also known as Dongye and Jia Dao, is a famous poet. His main works are Autumn Huai, Poems of Poor Women, Poems of Wandering Children, etc. , it became a poem of Meng Dongye. (13) Han Yu, whose real name is inferred, is from Shi Wen, assistant minister of the official department, known as Han Official Department, Han Wengong and Changli, also known as Han Changli. The advocator of the ancient prose movement in Tang Dynasty, the leader of the Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties, and Liu Zongyuan were also called "Liu Han". His major works include Shi Shuo, Ma Shuo, Yuan Yi, and Shi Er Lang Ji Wen. This is Mr. Changli's collection. He advocated restoring the prose tradition of the pre-Qin and Han dynasties and abandoning the parallel prose since the Southern and Northern Dynasties. Advocate enriching the content of the article, "only to state things." In poetry creation, he advocates "taking prose as poetry" and strives for novelty. (14) Liu Yuxi, named Meng De, was once a guest of the Prince, and was called Liu Bin. With Liu Zongyuan and Bai Juyi, they are also called "Liu Liu" and "Bai Liu". His major works include Humble Room Inscription, Wuyi Xiang, Zhi Zhu Ci, etc. They were named Liu Binke Collection and Liu Mengde Collection respectively. (15) Bai Juyi, whose name is Lotte, is a Xiangshan layman. The main advocate of the New Yuefu Movement in the mid-Tang Dynasty, one of the three great poets in the Tang Dynasty, was called "Bai Yuan" together with Yuan Zhen. His major works include Qin Zhongyin, New Yuefu (including Charcoal Man, Song of Eternal Sorrow, Pipa Xing, etc. ), compiled by himself as "Bai Changqing Collection" and later compiled as "Bai Xiangshan Poetry Collection". He is the successor of the realistic tradition, and advocates that "articles should be written in time, songs and poems should be written". As a representative of the pop school, it is said that an old woman can understand. (16) Liu Zongyuan, with thick words, was called Liu Hedong because he was from Hedong, and was once the secretariat of Liushi. One of the leaders of the ancient prose movement in the Tang Dynasty, together with Han Yu, was called "Liu Han" and one of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties". His main works include prose collection Snake Catcher, Three Commandments (including Qian's Donkey), Eight Notes of Yongzhou (including the Story of Little Stone Pond), Biography of Children's Area, and poetry collections Fisherman and Jiang Xue, which constitute the Liuhe East Collection. He was the first writer in China to formally write fables as independent literary works, which opened up a new stage of the development of ancient fable literature in China. (17) Li He, word length. His main works are Yan Men Tai Shou Xing, Jin Tong Xian Ren on Chinese Poetry and so on. , has become a collection of long valley. His works are called Li Guicai because of their peculiar imagination, magnificent words, romantic colors and unique style. (18) Du Mu, alias, is also called Xiao Du, and Li Shangyin is also called "Du Xiaoli". In his later years, he lived in Fan Chuan Villa, hence the name Du Fanchuan. His main works are Epang Palace Fu, Jiang Nanchun Jueju, Tomb-Sweeping Day, Bo Qinhuai, Autumn Night, etc. , compiled into "Fan Chuan's Anthology". He is especially good at seven laws and seven laws, and his prose tendency has a great influence on later generations. (19) Li Shangyin, whose real name is Shan, was born in Yuxi and Fan Nansheng. His main works include Hundred Rhymes in the Western Suburb, Leyuan Scenic Area, Jinse, Untitled and so on. This is a poem written by Li Yishan and Fan Nan. Hundred Rhymes in the West is a long political poem. Untitled poems are mostly about love, touching and beautiful, which have a great influence on later generations. (20) Li Yu, whose real name is Shigemitsu, was the ancestor of the Southern Tang Dynasty in the Five Dynasties and was called Li Houzhu. His main works include Young Beauty, Meeting You Huan, and The Order of the Waves. Wang Guowei said: When Ci came to Li Houzhu, it had a broad vision and deep feelings. So it became a musician's word and a scholar-bureaucrat's word.