In March 1871, a conflict broke out between government troops and the National Guard, the Paris citizen armed force, which led to the outbreak of the Paris workers' uprising. The revolting workers quickly occupied the entire city and drove away the bourgeois government. Soon, the people elected their own political power - the Paris Commune. Subsequently, the bourgeois government launched an attack on the Paris Commune.
From May 21st to 28th, 1871, Commune soldiers fought fierce street battles with the enemies who invaded the city. More than 30,000 Commune soldiers died, and the Paris Commune ended in failure.
Shortly after the failure of the Commune, one of the leaders of the Commune, Eugène Baudier, wrote the poem "Intrachonelle" (also translated as "The International Workers' Union"). The poem was sung to the tune of "La Marseillaise". In 1888, French worker composer Pierre Duguet composed the music for "The Internationale" and the Internationale was completed.
Extended information:
The song "Internationale" is Andante, in B flat major, in 4/4 time. The whole song has only one melody that runs through the beginning and the end, and it is a two-part structure with a chorus. After the tragic prelude, the deep first theme enters, showing the unyielding spirit of the revolutionaries;
The middle melody of the music actually changes to the dominant key (i.e. F major) in key, It is always solemn and vigorous, and the tune is increasingly filled with light and hope; finally, the prelude of the music is reproduced naturally and ends in a magnificent climax, which indicates that the great ideal of communism will surely be realized.