He Xun (about 466-5 19), a native of Tancheng County, Shandong Province, was a famous poet in the Southern Dynasties. He is called "Yin He" with Yin Keng, a poet of the Chen Dynasty, and "He Liu" with Liu Xiaozhuo, a contemporary poet. After Xie Lingyun and Xie Tiao, he made important contributions to the development of landscape poetry.
He Xun came from a "refined" bureaucratic family. Ancestors traveled south with the Jin family and lived in Tanxian County (now Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province), where overseas Chinese lived in concentrated communities. Great-grandfather He Chengtian was a famous astronomer, philosopher, writer and a knowledgeable scholar in the Southern Song Dynasty. My father and my father are both officials and "elegant" first-class figures. Therefore, He Xun received a good education from an early age.
He Xun became famous as a teenager. Qi Yongming was promoted to a scholar at the age of 20 in 486. Because of his extraordinary talent, he was praised by literary celebrities Shen Yue and Fan Li at that time. Shen Yue said that he read He Xun's poems, "Three times a day, you can't get it"; As soon as Fan Yun saw He Wen, he passed it on and became good friends. At that time, he became famous, and he was also called "He Liu" with Liu Xiaozhuo, another writer who is known as a "prodigy". However, after becoming famous, due to humble origins and political darkness, he never became an official and eventually lived in seclusion in the mountains.
Instead of Qi, I like to recruit scribes. His "delay in visiting sages" was widely talked about, and there were quite signs of reforming Qi and making great efforts to govern the country. He Xun's beloved Shen Yue and Fan Yun, because of their contributions, were both officials in Shangshu, and were named as Liehou. Therefore, He Xun was an official in Tian Jian prison in his early years and began to serve the court. Since then, he once won the trust of Emperor Wu. Because of his words, he was fired. He spent most of his life in various Wang Fan mansions, but he was not a clerk, but a clerk. He was frustrated all his life and finally died of depression.
In the sixth year of Liang Wudi Tian Jian (507), he entered the Jian 'an shogunate, served as Cao Hangcan in the Water Army, and served as a clerk. Tian Jian nine to twelve years (510-513), He Xun followed Jiangzhou from King Jian 'an. He Xun has always been grateful for knowing Jian 'an Wang An, and Xinlin was written at this time. In the 13th to 14th year of Tian Jian (514-515), Xiao Xiuzhi, the king of Cheng 'an, was a military commander and minister of water affairs. Stepmother is worried about leaving her job. In the 16th year (5 17), Tian Jian was recruited into Jiangzhou by Xiao Xu, the king of Luling. At this time, the poet was weak and depressed, and barely went to work. There are two poems, namely "Night after Parting" and "Bus after Parting", which express his feelings at that time. When he arrived, he died of depression at the age of 53.
He Xun is famous for his poems, but he doesn't have many. Today, there are more than *** 1 10 lost poems in this collection. In terms of poetry content, it often expresses the boredom and homesickness of the official trip, as well as the rewards and farewell works between colleagues. The words are bitter and sad, and the style is beautiful and natural. His lyric works inherited the legacy of Xie Lingyun and Xie Tiao, with exquisite images, harmonious scenes, fresh and clean language, simple and graceful style, and were unique at the time of Qi and Liang Dynasties. His masterpieces include The Night Before Parting, Farewell to an Old Friend, Ci Jim and Yangzhou Plum Blossom (also known as Yongmei). For example, "Visiting Night after Parting":
Li Ren * * * followed closely. As soon as he left the group, he resumed water injection in the east and did not return to the west.
Night rain drops empty steps, the light of dawn leaves the room in the dark, and when we are sad, we will stop drinking.
In the 16th year of Tian Jian (5 17), the poet went to work in Luling, Wang Ji. He is weak and emotionally exhausted. He said goodbye to his old friend, feeling sad and miserable. The phrase "Rain at Night" is exquisite in language, fine in body and object, and shows no trace of axe and chisel. Silence with the old friend in the middle of the night, the sound of falling rain can be distinguished; At dawn, the indoor lights turned dim. From night to dawn, I can't bear to say goodbye, or even "I won't drink if I'm sad." Writing about the sincere friendship between old friends is very touching.
He Xun is also one of the important representative writers of "Yongming Style" (new style poetry). Wang Kaiyun recorded 14 new style poems in Selected Poems of Eight Dynasties in Qing Dynasty. Since Shen Yue and others put forward the theory of sound sickness, Wang Rong, Fan Yun, Xie Tiao and Wu Yun have been competing to create innovative poems, that is, the so-called "Yongming style", which emphasizes rhythm and duality, reflecting the trend of poetry's development to rhythm. After Xie Tiao, He Xun's poems attached great importance to fine tone and refined words, and made great achievements. Many of these poems have the scale of Tang law. Such as the masterpieces of poets Jim, Xiang Song and Xu Shang, as well as sending Sima Changsha. Hong Mai, a Song Dynasty poet, mistakenly listed "Send Sima Changsha" in "Ten Thousand Poems of Tang Poetry". "Because of its indifferent tone, it became the laughing stock of later generations." (Hu Yinglin's Poems, Volume II)
He Xun's poetic art had a direct influence on Du Fu, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty. Du Fu said, "Why bother to learn to chant" (the third of Twelve Poems to Relieve boredom). What poems are often used in his poems, or new words are cast from He Shiyi. From the Tang Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, poets and critics spoke highly of his poems, which shows the influence of He Xun on poets of past dynasties.
After his death, He Xun's poems were compiled into eight volumes by his good friend Wang Senru, and were lost after the Tang Dynasty. In the Ming Dynasty, He Shui Bu Ji and He Ji Shi Lu Ji were compiled.