Sending Li Shiyu to Anxi Gao Shi
The walking boy pointed at Feipeng,
The golden whip pointed at the iron Cong.
Fame spreads far and wide,
Thoughts come in a cup.
The captives blocked the Yan branch in the north,
Qin City was in the east of Taibai.
Don’t feel melancholy after leaving your soul.
Look for the sword hero!
Appreciation of Gao Shi's Poems
This rhymed poem was praised by later generations as "the number one five-character rhyme poem in the prosperous Tang Dynasty".
Li Shiyu, whose name is unknown. Anxi, that is, the Anxi Protectorate, is located in Kuqa County, Xinjiang. This poem was written to see off a friend who was leaving the army. It strongly expresses the passion for fighting in a foreign land, as well as the optimistic and heroic high-spirited mood.
The first couplet, "The traveling child points to the flying canopy, the golden whip points to the iron Cong", closely follows the meaning of the title, and writes that Li Shiyu is about to mount an expedition on horseback. Using "Fei Peng" as a metaphor for "Xingzi" naturally reminds people of the light illness of "Xingzi", which can be said to be fully visible in form and spirit.
"Iron Cong" is a green and black horse. It is already strong and fast, and with the owner's whip, it is naturally as sharp as flying. Use "gold" and "iron" to modify "whip" and "cong" to add strength. Therefore, at the beginning, it is quite powerful, making the "Xingzi" as light and agile as flying, and the high-spirited momentum and heroic posture are as before your eyes.
The couplet on the chin "Fame spreads far and wide, and all the thoughts come in a cup", closely following the farewell meaning of the first couplet. The friend's expedition to "thousands of miles" is to seek "fame", and he should be encouraged and therefore not allowed to stay. On the occasion of parting, there are thousands of "thoughts" that are difficult to put into words, all of which are placed in "a cup" of farewell wine. This couplet is extremely versatile. First, push away "thousands of miles away" to reveal a huge space and express Li Shiyu's heroic and flying momentum. But then it was settled and it was back to the farewell feast. What "thoughts" are contained in this "cup"? The poet did not write it clearly, but it is not difficult to guess that it contains deep farewells, worries about the "thousands of miles" journey; wishes for a cherished future; expectations for early "fame", etc. The feelings are extremely deep and heavy. When it is opened and closed, it is full of ups and downs.
The neck couplet "The captives guard Yanzhi to the north and Qincheng to the east of Taibai". "Luzhao" refers to fortifications. "Yanzhi" is the name of the mountain in the southeast of Shandan County, Gansu Province. Here it refers to Anxi, and "Taibaidong" refers to Chang'an east of Taibai Peak in the Qinling Mountains.
This couplet is opened again, and the realm is further expanded. Anxi and Chang'an are thousands of miles apart, blocked by mountains, and the road back is vast. The thick and colorful outlines on the vast area are not only a description of the scenery, but also a way of conveying emotion. Following the sincere consolation of "Don't be melancholy when you leave your soul", the last couplet rises up and sings loudly with the song "Look at the hero with the sword", spewing out the passion and ambition of making achievements in foreign lands, which has thrilling artistic power.
The most moving part of this farewell poem is the majestic and bold feeling integrated into the poem. At the same time, the poet uses his imagination to drive images, including the image descriptions of "flying peng" and "iron Cong". There are also descriptions of the vast space. These powerful, powerful and vast images not only reflect the poet's heroic emotions, but also exude the high-spirited spirit of the prosperous Tang Dynasty.
The loud police tone and high-pitched and powerful rhythm further enhance the power and momentum of the poem. Gao Shi is good at using four tones in his poems to form a rhythm of ups and downs, making the poems appear full of sounds and emotions. For example, the two words "dui" and "zhi" in the first couplet are not only accurate in meaning, but also the tone is up and down, which appears to be restrained. In the third sentence, the word "Wanliwai" is combined with the three flat sounds of "Lai", "Shang" and "Lai". Because the syllables are loud and clear, it effectively highlights the protagonist's ambition to fight for thousands of miles on the battlefield. Especially in the last couplet, the three words "Don't be melancholy" end with the ending of "clear and far away", which makes the rhythm seem gentle, gentle and touching. The couplet "Look at the hero with the sword" uses the heroic military life of fighting with swords and gold to encourage friends to embark on the journey with high spirits and sweep away their sorrow. In terms of tone, the third word uses the word "宝" in the upper tone, which is the loudest and most powerful. It is connected with the word "xiong" in the back, which is both a sword and a person, making the poem very powerful and decisive. In addition, the whole poem is rhymed with Eastern rhyme, which is easy to express optimistic and cheerful emotions. In conjunction with the previous central syllable, the whole poem is full of energy and sonorous tone, and it reads like "beating drums in the sky."
Xu Xueyi of the Ming Dynasty once said in his book "Poetry Origin Debate": "I would like to take Gaofu's 'Xingzi Dui Feipeng' as the first five character rhyme in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, and the three characters 'Dui Feipeng', However, he was discouraged and wanted to change it to "go to join the army", so he became a concubine.
"Because the whole poem has a majestic musical beauty, when Hu Zhenheng compared this poem with Li Bai's "Jiangxia Farewell to Song Dynasty", he thought:
"Taibai's people are thousands of miles away, but they are happy in a cup of wine. "Zhong' and Dafu's "fame and fame are thousands of miles away, and their thoughts are in a cup of wine." They all seem to come from Yu Baozhi's "worry arises from thousands of miles away, and hatred comes from a cup of wine." However, Dafu is thicker, Taibai is more elegant, and has not changed Xuanyuan" ( (Volume 11 of "Tang Yin Gui Zhu") was refuted by Zhao Huanguang, who believed that the two poems were compared: "It is like a martial artist comparing rhymes to a rhyme scholar, while Hu Yuanrui said, 'the two poems are very similar', and he said that the two poems are very similar" It's the same, but the meaning of the sentence is unresolved"
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