Serina Liu
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The pine trees on the towering mountains stand upright in the rustling wind blowing in the valley.
How strong the wind is and how strong the pine branches are!
Ice and frost are falling violently and rapidly, while pines and cypresses stand upright all the year round.
Aren't you afraid of cold? Pine and cypress have the nature of not being afraid of cold!
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The first sentence at the beginning describes the image of Song Shu, the main body of the poem: graceful mountain. The second sentence takes the opposite way, writing the environment (background) where graceful and graceful pine is located: a stroke in the valley. In the rustling valley wind, pine trees stand tall on the mountain, which can be called "majestic". Three or four sentences describe the wind and pine trees, and describe their opposing situation.
The above is the image of "pine on the pavilion mountain" in the wind, and the following four sentences are the image of pine trees in the frost and cold. "first frost is miserable", first rendering the harsh environment, and then writing the performance of pine trees: "It's always right at the end of the year". Why can pine trees "stand upright all the year round" in this harsh environment? The poet first wrote a question with rhetorical questions: "Aren't you afraid of the cold?" Then he calmly replied: "Pines and cypresses are sexual."
If the first four sentences mainly talk about the image of pine trees, then the last four sentences mainly talk about the quality of pine trees. It is dignified and upright, and is not afraid of any harsh environment. Only in this way can the image of pine trees be fully expressed.
The whole poem writes the vivid image of pine trees with concise language and vigorous style. In fact, it symbolizes the poet's own character and ambition in a comparative way, so the poem incorporates the praise of pine trees.
Youzhou tower
Chen Ziang
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We can't see the ancient kings who knew people well and were good at their duties, and we can't see the wise kings who endowed talents with talents behind.
Thinking that heaven and earth are so eternal, I shed sad tears alone.
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This poem is known from ancient times to modern times.
"Where were those lost times before me?" Although it is a five-word sentence, it includes many ancient sages, including Yan Zhaowang. They know people well and are good at their duties, and they will never employ such an incompetent person as Wu Youyi. As far as the author is concerned, if there is a ruler like Yan Zhaowang, his talents will be brought into full play and his ambition will be realized. But all this is just a feeling, because the wise king of the previous generation has become a thing of the past and can't be seen.
"Behind me, where is the next generation?" There will be sages in later generations, but a person's life is so short, how can you see it yourself!
What a sad thing it is that the sages of the previous generation can't see it, and the sages of the later generations can't wait, and the ideal of governing the country and comforting the people can't be realized all their lives!
There is a word "Deng" in the title of this poem, but it is not mentioned anywhere in the poem, but readers feel that this word is everywhere. The "before" and "after" in the first sentence and the second sentence are naturally the "before" and "after" that the poet yearns for, but he is therefore associated with the distant past and future era; The connection between ancient and modern has caused a long time. The temporal and spatial background profoundly expresses the poet's depressed and painful mood.
The first three sentences are about the poet's psychological activities when climbing mountains, and the last one is about his external performance. Heart is the dependence of expression, and expression is the reflection of heart. The right combination of the two outlines a moving image that is ambitious, out of date and lamenting independently.
The sentences in the whole poem are uneven in length and changeable in tone, which is more helpful to express the poet's strong ups and downs.
When sending Yuan Er to Anxi
Wang Wei
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The early morning light rain wet the dust on the acropolis floor, and the branches and leaves of willow trees in the hotel covered with green tiles were particularly fresh.
I sincerely invite you for another drink. I haven't had any bosom friends since I left the Buddhist paradise.
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This is a farewell poem. The first sentence points out the location-Weicheng. The second sentence is the guest house. Although there is no farewell in these two poems, there is almost a word "farewell" hidden in them. The poet arranged the farewell in a refreshing and comfortable environment, which made the farewell feel nostalgic, made the farewell reach the intention of retaining, and better reflected the friendship between the two. Three or four words, farewell. The last sentence comes from the last sentence, which shows that in such a good environment of the Acropolis, there are friends who communicate with you. If you are out of Yangguan and desolate everywhere, and no one is your old friend, who else can have a drink and talk with you? At the same time, I also hinted to my friends: there are no friends outside Yangguan, so you should take care of yourself! Careful persuasion and deep concern are very profound and sincere in these two sentences.
This poem consists of two parts: scenery description and lyric, but they are inseparable. There is love in the scenery, and there is a scene in love. The first two sentences describe the scenery, but there is a lingering feeling in it. The last two sentences are mainly lyrical, but in lyricism, people can glimpse the unwritten scene. After reading the poem "People have no reason to go out of Yangguan in the west", I will think of the vast and desolate scenery outside Yangguan anyway. Even in the Tang dynasty, people read the last sentence, which was quite bleak. The feelings expressed in the poem are very concentrated and strong, and the poem is also concise, so it is easy to express the simple and sincere feelings of the sender.
Shu Yun, a farewell school book in Xielou, Xuanzhou.
Lipper
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Abandon what I left behind, yesterday's days can't stay;
Disturb my mood, there are many troubles and sorrows today.
The wild geese flying south in Wan Li in autumn wind should drink heartily in the tall buildings in the face of this scene.
Your article is as vigorous as Jian 'an's character, and my poems are as fresh as Xiao Xie's.
They are full of detached interest and heroic feelings, and they want to go to heaven and get the bright moon.
Draw a knife to cut off the running water, but the water keeps flowing. Raise a glass and drink all your worries, but you are even more worried.
People living in this world don't meet their own wishes, so they will break their hair tomorrow and play with the boat.
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One or two sentences in this poem directly express the poet's repressed anxiety and anguish, while two long sentences are in a state of agitation, which shows that the poet has suffered political setbacks for a long time, and the contradiction between ideal and reality has been entangled in the poet's mind for a long time, and it is difficult to get rid of it. The third and fourth sentences are a turning point, from extreme depression to broad and cheerful realm, which points out the theme of "Farewell Upstairs" and shows the poet's heroic and broad mind.
The six painful sentences in the middle express pride and ease, and the sadness in front is swept away. This poem naturally mentions Xie Lou and Shu Yun in the title. One is to praise Liu Yun's poetry for its vigor and vitality. Another reason is that his poems are as fresh as Xiao Xie's. "I'm afraid of flying for joy, and I want to embrace the bright moon in the blue sky" further exaggerates the strong thinking and thinking inspired by Qiu Yan in Wan Li, and shows the poet's character and heroism incisively and vividly in extremely romantic ways.
In the last four sentences, the poet once again returned to the painful reality, and felt more strongly that the contradiction between ideal and reality could not be reconciled, which made the sadness hidden under his handsome and broad-minded appearance even deeper. Poets sometimes throw themselves into the extreme of joy and sometimes into the abyss of pain. The sudden change of thoughts and feelings and the ups and downs of artistic structure are perfectly reflected in the whole poem. The boldness of language and the naturalness of metaphor also set an example for the development of poetry in the future.
Early Spring in the Capital: Arriving at Zhangji
Han Yu
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On Chang 'an Avenue, the light rain is as soft as butter, and it looks like a new green from a distance, and weeds are just budding.
This is the best time of spring in the most precious year, far better than when the imperial city is as green as a cloud.
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This poem is also called early spring drizzle. The poem is about early spring scenery, mainly describing the scenery of Kyoto after light rain. The first sentence points out the location and describes the situation of light rain-there is light rain on Chang' an Avenue; The rain in Mao Mao looks lovely. On the ground as soft as butter, weeds began to sprout. This kind of germination is new green from a distance, but it is faint from a close look. This sentence truly describes the state of weeds sprouting in light rain. Three or four sentences are the poet's evaluation of the scenery written in the first two sentences. He thinks this is the best and most beautiful time of spring in a year, far better than when the smoke and willow trees are full of green. In fact, this kind of evaluation includes comparison. Comparing the scene of "Imperial Willow" with the scenery formed by "light rain as crisp" aims to show the loveliness of early spring and show his liking with "absolute victory".
The typical scenery is vivid, the metaphor is appropriate and vivid, and the conception is exquisite. There are many scenes in early spring, and the poet only writes the most typical light rain and weeds, which are arranged in the same painting, clearly showing the unique scenery in early spring. There is only one metaphor, that is, "the drizzle is moist as crisp", which describes the moist state and vivid image of the drizzle very aptly. It is ingenious to arrange early spring scenery such as spring rain and fragrant grass in a scene that contrasts with the scene of "smoke and willow full of imperial city" that has not yet appeared and will appear again, and to highlight the beauty of early spring scenery with "unique victory"
Qingpingle village house
Xin Qiji
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There is a low hut, which is located by a grassy stream. Someone seems to be talking with a little drunk, how nice, soft and mellow Wu dialect! It turned out to be a pair of white-haired old people, but I don't know whose parents-in-law are chatting here.
The eldest son is weeding in the bean field on the east side of the stream, the second son is busy knitting a chicken coop, and the favorite youngest son is naughty and lying on the head of the stream peeling and eating lotus flowers.
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Under the epigraph of this poem, there is the title of "village residence" It can be seen that the quiet and beautiful rural life is written through family activities.
Lack of writing background. Although the hut is short, it stands out, especially because it is located by a stream with green grass and looks beautiful. In such a beautiful environment, I heard two people talking drunk. Both of them spoke with a Wu accent, and their voices were gentle and soft. At first glance, I thought it was a young couple talking. On closer inspection, it turned out to be a white-haired couple!
Write about the activities of a family with three sons. The eldest son is weeding in the bean field east of the stream, and the second son is knitting a chicken coop in front of the house. They are all laborers. When the author mainly writes about the tranquility and beauty of the countryside, he also writes about agricultural production activities. This writing symbolizes the real situation of rural life. The last two sentences are about the youngest son. There are five people in the whole word, two sentences are used to write white-haired couples, one sentence is used to write the eldest son and the second son, and two sentences are used to write the younger son. Write about the loveliness of the old couple, mainly about their voices; Write about my youngest son, mainly about him lying on the stream eating lotus flowers. The word "favorite" can be understood as both the preference of the old and the old woman for the younger son and the author's love for the younger son. Actually, both. "Death depends on" is a derogatory term. Here, the author first said "death depends on", and then drew a picture of a young son eating lotus flowers, so "death depends on" became a word to express the author's favorite feelings, saying that children are lively and naughty.
The language of the whole poem is natural, simple and fresh, as healthy and clear as the pastoral scenery written by the author. However, when describing the rural scenery, there are few monographs. The bean fields by the stream, the chickens in front of the house and the lotus flowing water are all written by characters. For the characters, the author often passes them by, so the sounds and actions are in front of him, and all kinds of situations are vivid. These brilliant artistic techniques are worth learning from.
Tube cutting wheat
Bai Juyi
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Farmers have little leisure time, and when May comes, people are busier. Last night, the south wind blew, and Maigai turned over Jinlang. Women pick baskets to deliver meals, and children carry cans to deliver pulp soup. Accompanied by the wheat field, the man cut wheat in Nangang. The earth is hot, shining on your feet, just like the sun on your back. No matter how hot the gun is, it is only to cherish the long summer. I saw a poor rural woman whose children were taken to the edge of the field. My right hand keeps picking up wheat ears, and my left arm is carrying a broken bamboo basket. The village woman told a story, and everyone was very sad: "You have to pay the rent, and when it is sold out, pick up some ears of wheat to satisfy your hunger." . What are my advantages now? I don't farm or plant mulberry trees. Earn 300 stones a year and have food at home at the end of the year. Thinking of these feelings, I will never forget my self-blame and self-discipline.
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The first four sentences of this allegorical poem first explain the background, indicating that May is the busy season for wheat harvest. In the next four sentences, women lead their children to the fields to give food and water to young people who are cutting wheat. Then it describes the scene of young farmers cutting wheat with their heads down in Nangang wheat field and their complicated psychological activities. In the last six sentences, the poet is ashamed of the pain of farmers' life, but also thinks of the ease of his own life, and his heart can't be calm for a long time. This lyric text is the essence of the whole poem and the product of the author's touching feelings, which shows the poet's deep sympathy for the working people.
This poem is particularly commendable. While describing the working people, the poet can also truly write the voices of the working people, and profoundly reveal the theme of the poem by describing the abnormal psychology of the working people in a certain situation. "I don't know how hot it is, so I regret the long summer" in "Looking at Mai Niang" is a kind of ambivalence. This description depicts the working people's hearts in detail and goes deep into the details. The perfect unity of writing and writing in poetry is more shocking than the general unity of narrative and lyric.
moonlit night
Liu
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The night is still deeper, and the moonlight only illuminates half of the family, and the other half is hidden in the darkness. The Big Dipper is tilted, so is Nandou. Just tonight, people obviously feel that spring is picking up, because you listen-outside the green window screen, the sound of insects has reached the house for the first time.
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Liu, a native of Luoyang, Henan Province, lived in seclusion all his life. He is famous for his poems and has the reputation of "Maoyi in Shandong". There are 26 poems. The first sentence of this poem is about the peace of neighbors, the second sentence is about the peace of the night sky, and the third sentence is about people's inner peace. There was no sound until the fourth sentence, and because of the silence of the first three sentences, the insect sound in the fourth sentence was particularly pleasing to the ear. On the contrary, with the sound of insects, the sense of tranquility on the moonlit night in spring is deepened. It is through this mutual contrast that the author successfully presents a fresh and unique "Listening to Spring Pictures" for readers.
Shang shan Zao hang
Wen tingjun
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When people get up early in the morning, the bell of ox cart urges people to hit the road. As a wandering traveler, I am full of homesickness. A crescent moon reflects the thatched roof of the inn, and chickens crow. Frost falling at night covered the single-plank bridge, and the footprints of early pedestrians were clearly discernible. On the desolate and silent mountain road, the leaves of oak trees are falling one by one, and suddenly clusters of bitter orange flowers appear, which are so white and bright against the wall of the post station. Oh, I remember. Last night, I seemed to go back to Ling Du in my sleep. I saw blue waves rippling in the winding pond, and wild geese and ducks were wandering freely. . . . . . . . .
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In ancient times, the level of productivity was low and the means of transportation were backward, so it was really difficult to go out for a parade. Therefore, as a special flavor of that era, "the chicken crows in Maodian and the frost is deserted on the bridge" once touched people's heartstrings for a long time. In fact, these two poems, with only a few nouns, vividly outline the chapter of "premature death", which is full of atmosphere and emotional appeal, and even for today's readers, it still has its historical aesthetic value.