"Moling nostalgic for the ancient mountains, the color of the mountains, and the sounds of the rivers are ***lonely"
Author: Nalan Xingde
The colors of the mountains and the sounds of the rivers are ***lonely,
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The trees in Ming Tombs are rustling in the evening.
The cause of the Central Plains is like Jiangzuo.
Why should we blame the Six Dynasties for the fragrant grass?
Notes:
1. Moling: the name of present-day Nanjing during the Qin and Han Dynasties.
Appreciation:
After Qin Shihuang unified the six countries, in order to show his supreme authority, he made five tours, two of which passed through present-day Jiangsu. In 210 BC, Qin Shihuang returned from his fifth tour. When he arrived at Jinling, several qi-gazing magicians who accompanied him saw the steep mountains and dangerous terrain around Jinling, so they told Qin Shihuang: Jinling has the Qi of the Son of Heaven. Qin Shihuang was very unhappy when he heard this, and ordered people to dig out Fangshan Mountain to allow the Huaihe River to flow through Jinling, which vented the king's anger, and changed Jinling into Moling. Mo means fodder, which means that this place should not be called Jinling, but can only be relegated to a horse ranch. The Qin Dynasty implemented the county system and divided the country into 36 counties (later increased to 40 counties). The three counties of Moling, Jiangcheng, and Danyang established by the Qin Dynasty were all located in today's Nanjing area. Their jurisdiction covered the vast area south of the Ningzhen Mountains, north of Hengshan Mountain, and west of Maoshan Mountain. At first they were all under the jurisdiction of Zhangjun, and later they were once under the jurisdiction of Kuaiji County. The current Moling Town (named Molingguan) was Moling County, the political center of Nanjing during the Qin and Han Dynasties. Moling Road in today's urban area of ??Nanjing. Moling is also called Jinling, Stone City, Jiankang, and Jianye. Li Qingzhao's poem "The spring returns to the Moling tree, and the old man builds Kangcheng" refers to Nanjing. Nalan Xingde's Butterflies Love Flowers·Crossing the Wall
"Dies Love Flowers Leaving the Wall"
Author: Nalan Xingde
Original text:
There is no definite basis for ancient and modern rivers and mountains.
Amid the sound of horns being drawn, herding horses come and go frequently.
Who can talk about the desolation? The west wind blows the old red maple trees.
In the past, there were countless grievances.
The iron horse fights, Qingzhong road at dusk.
How deep is love? The sunset in the deep mountains and the deep autumn rain.
Notes:
1. No definite basis: no definite, no accuracy. This means that since ancient times, there have been constant disputes over power, and the country has been constantly changing. There is no definite number for one work.
2. There should be countless grievances in the past: where can I complain about them in the past?
3. Iron Horse and Jinge: It means war. "The Biography of Li Xiji in the History of the Old Five Dynasties" written by Li Keyong and Zhu Wen said: Could it be said that due to strange luck, evil spirits were slandered, poisonous hands respected fists, and they met in the twilight night; gold and iron horses were trampled in the Ming Dynasty. Xin Qiji's "Yong Yu Le Jingkou Beigu Pavilion Nostalgia for the Past": I think of those days when we were brave and powerful, and could swallow thousands of miles like a tiger.
4. Green Tomb: It is used as a ceremony for Wang Zhaojun of the Han Dynasty to leave the fortress. "Han Shu Xiongnu Chuan Xia": After the Yuan Emperor, Wang Qiang, the son of a good family in the palace, was named Zhaojun and given to Chanyu. After Zhaojun's death, he was buried in the land of the southern Xiongnu (now Hohhot, Inner Mongolia), known as Qingzhong.
Translation:
Throughout the ages,
there will be no permanent boundaries on mountains and rivers.
Amid the sound of the trumpet,
herdsmen frequently come and go on this land.
Who can explain clearly the shocking desolation?
Only the west wind blows the old red maple wantonly.
The resentment left on this land should be countless.
The land of gold and iron horses was the road Zhaojun sacrificed his life to seek peace.
How deep Zhaojun's love is, just like the sunset in the mountains and the rain in late autumn.
Appreciation:
This poem "Out of the Fortress" was written by Nalan Xingde when he was inspecting outside the customs.
The first part of the poem describes the scene in front of you. The scene is vast, empty, desolate and desolate, and the emotion is sad and sad.
At the beginning of the poem, the poet laments the rise and fall of the past and present. From ancient times to the present, there is no fixed number of mountains and rivers. At this time, the surname is Jueluo, and at that time, it may be the surname Yehenala. The reincarnation of the country is It cannot be reversed according to human will. This freehand sentence is powerful, and there is an unspeakable helplessness between the lines. Judging from Nalan Xingde's life experience, although he was a member of the royal family, he did not have the opportunity to dominate the country. However, the experience of traveling with the emperor gave him a deeper understanding of the country and made him more aware of the changes in the current situation. sensitive. The author did not indulge in sadness, but brought his thoughts back from history to reality. Before his eyes, he saw the scene of a camp training outside the Great Wall.
Amid the sound of horns being drawn, horses come and go frequently. This sentence may seem plain, but it makes people think a lot. In the military camp, the horn sounded, and the soldiers were seen standing on horseback with swords drawn and stern expressions. When the general gave an order, they practiced and fought back and forth on horseback. It was a spectacular scene. However, the might and order at this time may not necessarily make a country last for a long time. It may disappear overnight. How can this not make people sad? Don’t dynasties from generation to generation always come in this way with great vigor and then leave in such a state of despair? The sounds of fighting on the battlefield seemed to contain some sadness. Structurally speaking, the first sentence is a summary of the next two sentences, and the latter two sentences are the specific expression of the first sentence.
Although the scenery outside the Great Wall is vast and magnificent, the author does not feel happy because of it. In his eyes, what he sees is still desolation. Who can tell this desolation? The word desolation is not only a true portrayal of the natural scene, but also a truthful indication of the author's mood. In autumn, all things wither and fall leaves cover the ground, giving a sign of decline. But who can say that this is not an expression of the author's desolate mood? The author is a member of the royal family. Although he has no life-or-death experience, he still has worries. Many dynasties have been submerged in the long river of history in the ups and downs, and the Qing Dynasty is no exception. The west wind is the autumn wind. Maple leaves become more red after frost, and the redder they are, the closer they are to withering. The passing of seasons has dried up everything in nature, but it cannot dry up the author's sorrow. Here, the author uses the scenery to set off the deep feelings and collects them in the maple leaves in late autumn.
In the first part of the poem, no matter how lyrical the scene is, there is no trace of carving. It uses complex thoughts to lead to the scene in front of you. At the end of the film, it seems to end with a scene, but there is emotion in the scene. The expression of emotion in the scene comes naturally and is not a matter of decoration.
The second part of the poem expresses the resentment that one's ambition to serve the country cannot be realized. The scene is majestic, the movement is vertical and horizontal, and the emotions are graceful and deep.
"Where did you complain in the past?" should be "Where did you complain in the past?" The ancients often adjusted the word order in order to meet the needs of rhythm when writing lyrics. What kind of resentment did you refer to in the past? As far as the iron horse and war are concerned below, it should refer to the deep resentment of being unable to serve the country and pervading the battlefield. Nalan Xingde was the imperial bodyguard of Emperor Kangxi. Logically speaking, he had the conditions and ability to lead troops in war, but as a minister of a feudal emperor, he could not do things as he pleased, and had to obey the emperor's arrangements. He expressed his deep loneliness in his heart with just one word. Perhaps it was his extraordinary talents or his high position that made his surroundings deserted.
Although the author has lofty ambitions, what can he do? In the end, wasn't it like Wang Zhaojun who left the green tomb alone to face the dusk? Wang Zhaojun was mistakenly chosen as the wife of Shanyu Huhanxie by Emperor Han Yuan because he did not bribe the painter Mao Yanshou. In order to reconcile the Han and the Huns, she stayed away from her hometown, but in the end she didn't turn into a pile of loess. What's the use? I have an empty ambition to serve the country with all my might, but isn't it futile to have such an ambition?
The author felt heavy and asked himself: What if someone asked me how deep my affection is for my ideal? Then go and see the sunset in the mountains and the drizzle in late autumn. The images of sunset in the mountains and autumn rain are desolate and desolate, giving life a lingering and indescribable sadness. It can be seen from these poems that the author is very persistent in pursuing his ideal, but there is no way to realize it, so he has too much depression in his heart. But the expression of this kind of emotion is not direct, but shown through the specific description of the scene, which is graceful, deep and thought-provoking.
On the whole, this poem has a vast and majestic scene, sad and resentful emotions, and is natural and smooth. Facing the scene outside the Great Wall, the author uses the scene to describe his emotions, and also uses his emotions to accompany the scene, so that the emotion and scene, shape and meaning are integrated into one. The first chapter describes the scene before the eyes, and the second chapter describes the past ambitions, forming a contrast between reality and reality. Judging from the entire poem, the technique is skillful and precise. Nalan Xingde Nanxiangzi·Taoyi
"Nanxiangzi Taoyi"
Author: Nalan Xingde
Original text:
The mandarin tiles have been frosted, and I want to send them cold clothes instead of hurting myself.
It has been said that Zheng’s husband tends to lose weight and has a good appearance.
Measure carefully when you return to the dream.
I stand in an empty room with a pillow, and wipe the anvil to see the moonlight.
It is late autumn and it is a lonely night, desolate.
The month to the southwest is even more heartbreaking.
Notes:
1. Clothes pounding: When the ancients washed clothes, they used a wooden pestle on the anvil to beat the clothes to make them clean, so it was called this. Yang Shen of the Ming Dynasty wrote in "Dan Qian Zong Lu Tao Yi": In ancient times, when people were pounding clothes, two women faced each other and held a pestle, like spring rice. I've seen people in the Six Dynasties paint pictures of pounding clothes, and they were made like this.
2. Yuanyang tile: Yuanyang tile.
3. Pillow sentence: When you are alone in an empty room, you will feel timid if you put your pillow up and lean on it.
4. Qing'an: that is, beating the clothes stone, Du Fu's "Ming": half-open candle shadow, trying to hide the Qing'an.
Translation:
A thin layer of clear frost has formed on the tiles outside the house.
Under the lonely lamp inside,
I He was secretly saddened by the cold clothes he was going to send for him.
It is said that those who guard the border outside suffer from the cold.
His appearance is easy to lose weight.
I really want to take a good look at him again.
< p> Look carefully.If we can meet each other in dreams tonight,
we must hold hands tightly and look at each other.
Alone in a cold quilt, alone in an empty room,
Why not take advantage of the moonlight to go to the river to wash his clothes again.
The coldness of late autumn is heavy, and the lonely nights are long.
Pounding clothes under the moon, the sound of the anvil is clear,
beating longing and desolation.
Looking back suddenly, I found that the moon had already hung in the southwest direction.
Thinking about how many lovers in the world had already fallen asleep embracing each other,
I couldn’t help but feel more desperate. Liver sausage!
Appreciation:
Punishing clothes is a common topic in ancient poetry, and all the poems are written about the husband's resentment towards his wife. The same is true for this poem. It is written from the perspective of a resentful woman, describing her self-injury, cowardice, desolation, and even heart-broken resentment. Written layer by layer, the emotions are elegance and sadness. Nalan Xingde's Butterflies Love Flowers·Go to Green Poplar Again
"Dies Love Flowers Again Go to Green Poplar"
Author: Nalan Xingde
Original text:
Again, I arrived at the place where the green poplar trees once folded.
Without saying a word, I lowered my whip and walked all over the Qingqiu Road.
The grass is decaying and the sky is empty, and the sound of wild geese is far away heading towards Xiaoguan.
I don’t hate the hardships of traveling to the end of the world,
I just hate the west wind, blowing dreams into the present and the past.
There is still a long way to go tomorrow, and the clothes are covered with fresh cold rain.
Appreciation:
Like most of Nalan Xingde's works, it is deeply emotional, confusing and sentimental, but this is not enough to make this poem a masterpiece among similar works. Touching it carefully, the most heart-warming and unforgettable quality of this poem is the longing that travels through time and space. In ancient poetry, all thoughts are actually related to the isolation of time and space. The geographical distance, the bumpy road, and the inconvenient transportation make the longing for the distant place even more unforgettable for Si Ke; but life is impermanent, the good times are hard to come back, and beauties age easily, and the ruthlessness of time makes separation even more thrilling. The barrier of time and space also gave rise to many stubborn lovesickness, despair and painful lovesickness. Let's look at the first sentence first, and then go to the place where the green poplar tree once broke. The poet does not express the pain directly, but hides it deeply in the green poplar tree. This kind of forbearance makes the affection deeper. More importantly, one after another, they have completed the shift and overlap in time and space. When I revisit my old place, the green poplar trees are still the same, just like when I looked at each other with the broken willows and were reluctant to leave (because Liu and Liu are homophones, the ancients had the custom of breaking willows and sending them away when seeing each other off). Unexpectedly, things have changed now, and only the remaining Wandering alone. Yesterday and today, two fragments that are both the same and different, both illusory and real, overlap each other, giving the poem a layer of deep and confusing meaning. This inadvertent way of writing (this inadvertent writing must have been exquisitely refined by the poet to avoid revealing the ax mark) creates chaos in time and space, which is close to hallucination and close to the extreme of longing. Just imagine, if it wasn't the deepest and most painful longing, how could it make people so dazed and confused? Continuing the first sentence, without saying a word, I walked down the Qingqiu Road. It seems to be flat, but in fact it is carefully laid out. The confused state of the first sentence is continued without words, and the hanging whip has brought the poet's thoughts back to reality. The hanging whip means that the poet is in a heavy mood and moves his horse slowly. As far as the horse's feet can reach, he lightly steps on the sentence. From a time point of view, these two sentences complete the handover from yesterday to the present. The memories are fleeting, leaving only the cold reality and the ashes of myself; and from a spatial point of view, these two sentences move the thoughts from the willow. It leads to a more spacious space filled with decaying grass. Therefore, the poet feels his loneliness and helplessness in reality, and has to face the boundless autumn grass, unable to resist the erosion of autumn's desolation. The meaning is not yet finished, the sound of wild geese brings the autumn mood to the more distant area of ??Xiaoguan (a fortress in the northwest in ancient times); the word "far" makes the sadness endless. The end of the world in the next film concludes the previous part, and it is also extremely distant and long in words and deeds. It was clearly miserable, but he still said that he didn't hate it, and came up with new ideas. In the later part, he only hated the west wind, which foreshadowed that there was something more hateful than the pain of traveling to the end of the world. I only hate the west wind, blowing dreams into the present and the past, making new and clever words, strange warnings, and profound meanings. The theory of blowing dreams is not the first to come from it. It was earlier seen in the folk song "Xizhou Song" of the Southern Dynasties: The south wind blows my mind, and it blows my dreams to Xizhou. But both have their own merits and are not the same. The wind blows in dreams, which originally gave people the meaning of infinite confusion and endless melancholy. From the warm south wind in the allusion to the hateful west wind, it suddenly gained a bit of sharp and cruel meaning. If the south wind is the romantic messenger of love, why does the west wind blow away dreams all at once? Just because the poet wants to express the resentment of people traveling at the end of the world, and not the youth's youthful love and lovesickness in "Xizhou Song". It should be the poet's first creation to blow dreams into ancient times. The wonderful thing is that on the basis of the previous efforts to expand the space, it then completes the infinite extension of time. Therefore, the space-time structure of the poem becomes broader and more boundless. . Just imagine, the poet is wandering in the boundless autumn scenery, dreaming deeply about the good times he once had. Suddenly, a ruthless west wind cuts and destroys everything. The person and things in his memory disappear with the wind, and suddenly become distant. Inaccessible; and the lonely and desolate self standing in the west wind are separated by countless obstacles of endless years, just like one is today and the other is in ancient times, separated by an insurmountable gap. This kind of hopeless lovesickness makes people unable to think of it, but they can't let it go, they can't remember it, and they can't forget it. What kind of pain is this! In comparison, what does the poet say about the hardships of traveling to the end of the world? If you think about it more carefully, is it just the west wind that changes our memories and lives? The poet is just using empathy. In this world, how many times have turned into the vicissitudes of life in one glance; how many unforgettable memories have turned into cherished goodbyes in one turn. Who will find out the real principal culprit? The west wind just happens to have the characteristics of ruthlessness and cruelty, so it becomes the object of the poet to vent his resentment.
Finally, it ends with tomorrow's journey. Tomorrow means that time is stretching, and the journey means that space is still expanding. The new cold makes the poet even more shocked by the passage of time and the rush of life. In the color of rain, the whole poem is enveloped in a hazy and cold mood. All in all, in this short poem, the poet deliberately expanded the time and space of the poem, so that the sky is long and the earth is vast, thinking about it all the time, missing lovesickness everywhere, and writing the ultimate form of longing. This longing that travels through time and space is truly eternal.