All the explanations and examples of all 19 figures of speech in English: simile, metaphor, metaphor, synaesthesia, empathy, personification, exaggeration, parallelism, euphemism, euphemism, analogy, irony, pun, parody and rhetorical question. The following is the relevant content I have compiled, hoping to help you.
1. Simile
Simile is to compare different things with * * *. This kind of * * exists in people's hearts, not the natural attributes of things.
Signs are commonly used like, as, seem, if, as through, similar, success, etc.
For example:
1 & gt； . He is like a rooster who thinks the sun rises to hear him crow.
2 & gt。 I wander alone, like a cloud.
3 & gt。 Einstein only wore a blanket, as if he had just come out of a fairy tale.
2. Metaphor
Metaphor is a simplified simile formed by applying the name of one thing to another.
For example:
1 & gt； . I hope it is a big breakfast, but it is a bad dinner.
2 & gt。 Some books can be tasted, some books can be swallowed, and a few books need to be chewed and digested.
3. Metonymy
Metonymy does not directly say what you want to say, but uses another name related to it.
I. replace the contents with containers, for example:
1 & gt； The pot is boiling. The water is boiling.
There was silence in the 2> room. The whole house sat quietly.
Two. Replace the names of things with data and tools, such as:
Please lend me your ear. Please listen to me.
Three. Replace the work with the author, such as:
Complete works of Shakespeare
Intransitive verbs use concrete things instead of abstract concepts, such as:
I have power and they make money from it. I have strength, so they use my strength to make money.
4. synecdoche synecdoche synecdoche synecdoche
Synonyms use parts instead of whole, or whole instead of part, or special instead of general.
For example:
1 & gt； . About 100 workers work in his factory. (Part generates the whole)
His factory has about 100 workers.
2> He is Newton of this century.
He is Newton of this century.
3> This fox goes well with your hat. (integral part)
This fox fur scarf goes well with your hat.
5. Synesthesia 5. Synaesthesia, Synaesthesia and Telepathy
This metaphor directly describes things with feelings such as seeing, hearing, touching, smelling and tasting. Synaesthesia is to communicate the feelings of different senses, cause the transfer of feelings through association, and "write feelings with feelings"
The application of synaesthesia skills can break through the limitations of language, enrich the aesthetic interest of expression and performance, and enhance the artistic effect of literary talent. For example, appreciating the repetition and changing style of architecture will be associated with the repetition and changing rhythm of music; Smelling acid will associate with sharp objects; Hearing the ethereal and gentle concert, I think of the thin translucent tulle; Another example is Zhu Ziqing's Moonlight on the Lotus Pond, in which "the breeze sends fragrance everywhere, as if it were a faint song on a distant high building".
For example:
1 & gt； Birds sit in the tree and make a lily-like sound.
The bird landed on the tree and poured out a lily-like sound.
2> Taste Mozart's music. (Smell is used to describe hearing)
Taste Mozart's music.
Step 6 personify
Personification is giving life to inanimate things.
For example:
1 & gt； The night gently laid its hand on our hot head. (personify the night)
2> I am very happy, and I can hear birds singing in the Woods.
Step 7 exaggerate
Exaggeration is to exaggerate for the purpose of expressing emphasis. It can strengthen the language situation and increase the expression effect. ..
For example:
1 & gt； . I asked for forgiveness a thousand times.
2 & gt。 Love you. You are my whole world, and the moon and stars.
3 & gt。 Tears welled up in her eyes when she heard the bad news.
8. Parallel, parallel
This rhetorical method is to arrange two or more phrases and sentences with roughly the same or similar structures, related meanings and consistent tones into a string to form a whole.
For example:
1 & gt； . No one can be completely free until everyone is free; No one is completely moral until all people are moral; No one will be completely happy until everyone is happy.
2 & gt。 On the day when all these things have to be accounted for, I will call you and your family, the last of you inferior races, to be responsible for it. On the day when all these things have to be accounted for, I will call your brother, the worst of your inferior race, to account for these things separately.
9. Euphemism, euphemistic refusal method
Euphemistic refusal refers to the use of euphemistic and elegant methods to express rude and taboo words.
For example:
1 & gt； He went out to visit necessities. He went out to pee.
2> The relationship between him and his wife has been unhappy. He has a bad relationship with his wife.
3> Deng Xiaoping died in 1997. (death)
10. For example, fable fable (originally meaning "fable")
Based on examples and objects in the past or elsewhere, it conveys the meaning of implying, insinuating or mocking various phenomena in this world.
English explanation: a style of expression that uses fictional characters and events to describe a theme through a collection of suggestions; An extended metaphor is taken from a college English course for English majors.
This is a rhetorical method derived from Greek, which means "put it another way". It is a kind of image description with duality, and the superficial meaning and the real meaning are two different things.
For example:
1 & gt； . Take advantage of the sunny day and hurry up.
Surface meaning: dry the grass when the sun comes out.
The real meaning: strike while the iron is hot
2 & gt。 It's time to turn the plow into a sword.
It's time to turn the plow into a sword.
1 1. Irony
Irony refers to the writing style in which words with opposite meanings are used to express meaning. For example, when blaming faults and mistakes, people agree with faults, while when praising faults, it is close to censure.
For example:
1 & gt； . It's really a good thing not to know when it is in the morning.
It's good to have no concept of time in the morning.
2> "Of course, you only have large bills with you, and you have no change with you." The waiter said to the beggar.
12. Pun
Pun is to use the double meaning of a word in a sentence to make a variety of explanations and beat about the bush, so as to achieve unexpected humorous effect. It mainly appears in the form of words, meanings and homophones.
For example:
1 & gt； . She is too short for high praise; It's too dark for general praise; It's too small for high praise.
2 & gt。 An ambassador is an honest person who lies abroad for the benefit of the country.
3 & gt。 If we don't stick together, we will be hanged alone.
13. parody
This is a rhetorical device that imitates famous sayings, aphorisms and proverbs and changes some words to make them new.
For example:
1 & gt； . Rome was not built in a day, nor was it built in a year.
2 & gt。 A friend in need is a friend to be avoided.
3 & gt。 Nowadays, if you give a girl an inch, she will propose to you.
14. rhetorical question (rhetorical question)
It is different from interrogative sentences in that it does not aim at obtaining answers, but uses questions as a means to achieve rhetorical effects. Its characteristics are: affirmative sentences express strong negation and negative sentences express strong affirmation. Its answer is often self-evident.
For example:
1 & gt； . How is that possible? Is it possible to walk in the forest for an hour without seeing anything worth noting?
2 & gt。 Can we keep these lies from being answered?
15. Contradiction, contrast, duality
This rhetoric refers to a rhetorical method of juxtaposing sentences with completely opposite meanings.
For example:
1 & gt； . Not that I don't love Caesar, but that I love Romer.
2 & gt。 You stay; I'm leaving.
3 & gt。 Give me liberty or give me death.
16. Paradox
This is a seemingly contradictory statement, but it contains a certain philosophical meaning and is a contradictory rhetoric. ..
For example:
1 & gt； Make haste slowly. Haste makes waste.
2> A child is a man's father. (Childhood can determine a person's future) Three years old looks old, and four years old looks old.
17. Antisense and antonym of oxymoron
This is also a contradiction modification method, which describes a thing with two uncoordinated features and makes readers understand the subtle meaning of the sentence with uncoordinated collocation.
For example:
1 & gt； There is no light, but it is quite dark. There is no light, but the darkness is clearly visible.
2 & gt。 The condition of the house is unpleasant.
18. climax gradual method
This kind of rhetoric is a series of words that gradually reach the peak according to the size, weight, depth and height of thought, which can enhance the language potential and gradually deepen the impression of readers.
For example:
1 & gt； . I'm sorry, very sorry, very sorry.
2 & gt。 Eyes didn't see, ears didn't hear, and nothing touched his heart of stone.
19. anticlimactic descent method
A figure of speech opposite to climax, which arranges a series of words from big to small and from strong to weak.
For example:
1 & gt； . He wears a medal on his chest, a sword on his waist and a pair of boots on his feet.
2 & gt。 The duty of soldiers is to defend the country and peel potatoes.
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