Songs: "Let the World Be Full of Love", "Home of Love", "Love and Hope" (Stars) (Jun Lin's Masterpiece) "The Stars and I Can't Sleep" (Xu Yuteng) "Stand Up" "Believe" ( Xiao Ke) "The Sing of Life" (Han Lei and other stars) "Love in the World" (Yuan Ye) "Life and Death" (lyrics written by Wang Pingjiu, sung by Jackie Chan) "Until Forever" "Because of Love" (stars) "Yours" Heart, my heart" "We are connected heart to hand" "Heart to heart" "Let love go home" (Ren Jing and other stars) "Love is by your side" "Just like you" (Li Yuchun) "In the world of love" (Sun Yijiao ) "Promise" (lyrics by Andy Lau, starring Jackie Chan, Li Yuchun and other stars) "Call of the Heart" (Li Qiong, Zhong Meng) "Because of Love"
Well, that's about it~~~~No Great search~~~~
These are ancient commemorative poems:
When the wind was too light in the 20th year, I lived on the right side of the Yangtze River and had a legacy.
The light of day penetrates thousands of layers of darkness, and the trumpet blows for thousands of miles.
How can you be willing to pollute your pure sleeves with nothing, leaving only the rich and colorful photos of Huajing?
Who can lend me a New Year's message: Xiling still expresses my unfinished feelings.
In ancient times, when people came up with the concept that all things have spirits, sacrifices also appeared. At that time, sacrifices to the heaven, earth, mountains and rivers often had prayer texts, which were called sacrificial texts, prayers or blessing texts. Xu Shizeng of the Ming Dynasty pointed out in the "Preface to the Ming Dynasty of Literary Style": "The sacrifices in ancient times only stopped at paying tribute." There is no sadness in his writings, which is completely different from the mourning poems of later generations. As for texts specifically used to commemorate the funeral of relatives and friends, the most commonly used form by the ancients was poetry. During the Spring and Autumn Period, mournful poems such as "Kaifeng", "Ge Sheng", "Yellow Bird" and "Polygonium" in the Book of Songs were passed down in the Yellow River Basin. After the Warring States Period, sacrificial songs such as Qu Yuan's "Nine Songs", Song Yu's "Calling Souls", Jing Chao's "Dazhao", etc., were lingering and pathos and were circulated on the shores of Jianghan. In the Han Dynasty, there were also elegy songs such as "Xie Dew" and "Hao Li", with the mournful sound lingering in the village. Therefore, Yao Nai of the Qing Dynasty once said in the "Preface to the Compilation of Ancient Chinese Ci": "For those who mourn and offer sacrifices, there are poems and songs, the wind has a yellow bird, and the two sons are riding in a boat, which are all original."
The ancient mourning poems in the form of prose were first seen in "Book of Zhou·Jin Rui" in "Shangshu":
A certain Sun of the Yuan Dynasty died of severe illness. If you are the three kings, there is a son named Pi who is in charge of controlling heaven and replacing someone with a certain body.
It is written that King Wu of Zhou was dying of illness, and Duke Zhou prayed to the three kings on the first day of the lunar month. Although it is still a prayer to offer sacrifices to heaven, it is, after all, suspenseful about life and death, and emotional to the flesh and blood. It can be regarded as the embryonic work of mourning prose. Later, in order to consolidate their patriarchal etiquette system, the rulers of the Zhou Dynasty paid special attention to lavish burials. After the death of princes, nobles, ministers, and officials, a memorial ceremony was held in front of the ancestral temple, and the historian read out an inscription to commend the deceased's achievements and determine his posthumous title. Number. Confucianism also ethicalized and standardized this kind of etiquette, making it an important part of the traditional etiquette in Chinese feudal society. According to Zheng Xuan's annotation in "The Rites of Zhou": "Elegance means tiredness. It lists the deeds of one's life, and reads them as a posthumous title." It became an early form of mourning in ancient times. At the same time, the "Book of Rites: Zeng Ziwen" also stipulates that "the humble should not be praised by the noble, and the young should not be praised by the grown-up", which also gave it an obvious feudal grade mark. According to "Tan Gong", the earliest edicts were delivered by Duke Zhuang of Lu to Ben Fu and Bu Guo of County. It is believed that "the edicts of scholars began from this time on". But there are only notes and no excuses. The earliest extant edict is the "Edict of Confucius" written by Duke Ai of Lu in "Zuo Zhuan: The Sixteenth Year of Ai Gong":
Min Tian does not mourn, and does not leave an old man behind, leaving only one person behind. Bit, I am still guilty! Oh my god! No self-discipline.
Although the full text is only a few words, the words are full of sadness, reflecting the lyrical characteristics of "the regular script of memorials should be respectful and mournful" (Ming Dynasty Xu Shizeng's "Wen Ti Ming Bian"). Since the elegies had to be read out, the cry "Alas" was widely used in later mourning inscriptions.
Between the two Han dynasties, Yang Xiong’s "Elegance of the Empress of the Yuan Dynasty", Du Du's "Elegy of Great Sima Wu Gong", Fu Yi's "Elegy of Emperor Ming", Zhang Heng's "Elegy of Sikong Chen Gong", Cai Yong's "Elegance of Jibei" "Eloquy of Mrs. Xiang Cuijun" and Lu Zhi's "Eloquy of Li Wensheng" appeared one after another and became very popular for a while. Its style is roughly as follows: "Select words and record deeds, pass them down and eulogize them, start with glory and end with sadness. When it comes to the person, he is as warm as if he could face him; when it comes to his sadness, he is as sad as if he could be hurt." (Liang Liu Xie, "Liang Liu Xie" " "Wen Xin Diao Long·Elegy Stele") is the first biography, which describes the life of the deceased and expresses the meaning of praise; the latter four words of elegance are written to praise the glory of the deceased and express the thoughts of mourning. The former is in prose style, while the latter is in rhyme style, thus setting a precedent for the combination of mourning prose, rhyme and prose for more than two thousand years. At the same time, laments and condolences derived from Ci Fu, and prose mourning poems derived from blessings in the form of praising gods also appeared one after another. From a literary point of view, the expressions of mourning and condolences require that "love should focus on pain, while words should focus on cherishing". (Liu Xie's "Wen Xin Diao Long·Mourning"). Generally, there is a preface at the beginning and rhyme at the end, which is similar to the edict. The difference is that in the early mourning poems, "it is appropriate to give to children who are weak and die young and who do not die at the end of their lives" (Jin Zhiyu's "Wen Liu Bie Lun"). For example, Cao Zhi's "Elegy of the Golden Gou" commemorates his daughter who passed away at the age of nineteen:
Raising her in infancy, smiling at the child without saying a word, not dying at a young age, how can she be punished by the emperor? , Believe in the consequences of my sins, and feel sorry for the weak. Go away from the arms of your parents, and destroy your remains in the dung.
The feeling of sorrow and mourning is beyond words. Condolences have a wide range of content and are an ancient mass mourning style. For example, Jia Yi's "Original Text of Condolences":
I respectfully accept Jiahui, but I am waiting to commit a crime in Changsha.
When I heard about Qu Yuan's appearance, I sank into Miluo. To support the Xiangliu River, I pay homage to Mr. If you go through this world in vain, you will die. Alas, it's an ominous time. The luan is scurrying in the wind, and the owl is soaring. The emperor shows his dignity, and the flattery succeeds. The sage is dragging his head backwards, and the square is planted upside down.
Using Qu Yuan as a metaphor, he expresses his resentment at being demoted and neglected by mourning Qu Yuan. In addition, there is also Ban Jieyu's "Self-mourning Poem", in which the hanging figure is self-pitying, and the sadness is sad and sad, which is the origin of the later self-sacrificial poems; Du Du's "Mourning to Bigan" only "respectfully expresses condolences to Bigan, The two even sentences "to send my long cherished feelings to the ruler" can be regarded as the original form of ancient elegiac couplets. As for the mournful memorial texts, the first recommendation is Emperor Guangwu of the Han Dynasty's "Lindiaohou Ba Zhao":
Wei Ba has accumulated good deeds and is clean, and has been in office for nine years. It is the old system of the Han Dynasty. The prime minister worships the sun and is granted the title of Lie. Hou. I was exposed as a military advisor, and the meritorious officials were not awarded. Due to the loyalty of loyal ministers, I did not want to surpass each other. I did not live up to my title and died. Alas!
This is a government document. Seen in private Wenhan, there is Cao Cao's "Official Document of Bridge Sacrifice":
Therefore, Taiwei Qiaogong was born with Mingde and universal love. The country thinks clearly about the instructions, and the scholars think about the instructions. The ghostly spirit and the body are shrouded in darkness. When I was young, I was promoted to a high court, and because of my naughty and despicable attitude, I was accepted by the great gentleman. The concept of increasing honor and benefit is all supported by rewards. Zhongni is not as good as Yan Yuan, and Li Shengzhi praises Jia Fu. When a scholar dies, he will never forget his close friend. He also promised to take the oath calmly: "After passing away, there will be roads passing by. Don't fight with each other for wine, chickens, and cars. Don't be surprised if you have abdominal pain after passing three steps." Although the remarks were made as a joke, they were not the sincerity of close relatives. Hu Are you willing to resign for this? It is said that the spirit is angry, which can make one sick, and the old thoughts are lingering, and the thoughts are sad. After being ordered to march eastward, he settled in Cixi Township and looked north to the noble land, which is the Xin Mausoleum. Cut it to a thin layer and make it public and enjoy it!
This is the beginning of the official naming of "sacrificial texts". The content is mainly dedicated to mourning the deceased, and recounting "temporary joking remarks". The word "Shangxi" is used at the end. This writing method broke the previous convention and was gradually used by all classes of society, and became the basic form of sacrificial texts for future generations.
During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, due to the emancipation of social thought and the strengthening of literary concepts, in addition to praising the virtues of the princes and nobles, there were also some affectionate texts that mourned the flesh and blood and mourned the life experience, which greatly enhanced this concept. The lyricism of the style. Famous poems from this period include Cao Zhi's "Wang Zhongxuan", Ruan Ji's "Confucius", Pan Yue's "Ma Du", Yan Yanzhi's "Tao Zhengshi", etc.; elegies include the above-mentioned Cao Zhi's "Jin" "Hu's Elegy" and Lu Ji's "Wu Da Sima Lu Gong's Maiden's Elegy", etc.; the condolence essays include Mi Heng's "Diaozhang Hengwen", Wang Can's "Diaozhi Qi Wen", Li Chong's "Diaozhong Prose" ”, Lu Ji’s “Essays in Memory of Emperor Wu of the Wei Dynasty”; memorial inscriptions include Wang Xun’s “Essays in Commemoration of Xu’s Appointments”, Tao Qian’s “Essays in Commemoration of Self”, Wang Sengda’s “Essays in Commemoration of Yan Guanglu”, Kong Zhigui’s “Essays in Commemoration of My Brother Zhang Chang”. "History", Liu Lingxian's "Xu Qiuwen" by Liu Lingxian, etc.; there are also mourning poems written in Cifu style, such as Cao Zhi's "Comfort to the Son", Pan Yue's "Mourning for the Son", Jiang Yan's "Injury to the Loved Son", Yu Xin "Ai Jiangnan Ode" and so on. Among these various works, there are also differences compared with previous generations. It is reflected in the content. Due to the repeated wars and frequent rebellions and usurpations in this period, the rulers, after seizing power, thought more about rectifying their names to consolidate themselves. Therefore, condolences written in the form of government proclamations appeared. For example, Cao Pi's "Emperor Wu's Ai Cewen" and Wang Xun's "Emperor Xiaowu's Ai Cewen" are actually a mixture of ancient "elegies" and elegies. The general intellectuals, on the other hand, feel sad about the current times, or use the past as a metaphor for the present, and show more negative emotions towards life. For example, Lu Ji's "Essay on Emperor Wu of Wei":
Sad husband! If love is great, it will be lost, and if evil is great, it will be gained. Knowledge and wisdom cannot eliminate evil, and power cannot protect love. Therefore, previous knowledge does not pay attention to it, and sages rarely say it. If the tenderness is accumulated in external objects and the music is left in the boudoir, then it is the right thing for a virtuous and handsome person to be discarded!
To commemorate an arrogant figure like Cao Cao, one could have made generous speeches, but this article lowers the imagination and ties it with sadness, giving it a layer of confusion and sadness. As for the form, due to the monopoly of parallel script in the literary world in this period, all writings were written in Han Dynasty, and parallel four-legged and six-legged scripts were popular. For example, Liang Xiaogang's "Essay on Sacrifice to the Dead in War":
Subjugating the husband will lead to death, and the meritorious officials will be rewarded. The hero of Banhe, Su Feng slipped through the net. The school captain was honored, and he was awarded the national title. If you think alone, your soul will die, and you will grow into gray soil. The original paste is dyed on the blade, and the bones are buried in the spring. I just heard it and disappeared, but I can't tell the famous biography.
It can be seen that even the sacrificial texts were paraphrased at that time. At the same time, the format of the sacrificial texts has also become more complete. For example, Yin Yun of the Eastern Jin Dynasty's "Essay on Sacrifice to Xu Ruzi" begins: "In the sixth year of the Taiyuan Dynasty, Longji was desolate and the winter fell in October. Yin Jun, the prefect of Yuzhang, wanted to send some armors on the left and right to offer Qingxiang. Then pay homage to Mr. Yu Zhangxu, a former retainer of the Han Dynasty. "Specify the time, position, person to perform the sacrifice, the sacrifice, and the deceased, and this has become the starting point of the ceremony.
During the Tang and Song dynasties, the ancient prose movement emerged, the parallel form gradually declined, and the prose style became new. It's just that fu style and parallel style are close to poetry and are still conducive to expressing emotions. Therefore, in addition to prose, there are still poems in fu style and parallel style. But no matter what form it adopts, its content and style have undergone obvious changes. The first is that the posthumous title law in this period has been simplified and the posthumous title discussion has been abolished. As Xu Shizeng said in "Mingbian of Wenshi": "The ancient edicts were originally fixed posthumous titles, but today's edicts are only used to express sorrow, so there is no need to ask whether there is a posthumous title." , and everyone knows it. As for the relationship between noble and inferior, there is no need to talk about it. "At the same time, it is no longer limited to four words, but gradually transitions to long and short sentences. For example, Han Yu's articles in memory of Ouyang Zhan and Liu Zongyuan's articles in memory of Lu Wen are called both "elegies" and "elegies", which shows that the two have basically merged.
In the Northern Song Dynasty, "the works written by Nanfeng (Zeng Gong) and Dongpo (Su Shi) were always called lamentations" (Wuna's "Article Analysis" in Ming Dynasty), and lamentations finally replaced the status of elegies. Although "Hibiscus's Daughter" later appeared in the Qing Dynasty novel "A Dream of Red Mansions", it was just a play on the author's use of the old name, and it was no longer the original appearance of the ancient poem. Secondly, the scope of memorials has also gradually expanded. It can not only commemorate the dead, but also commemorate sad things, such as Tang Lihua's "Memories of Ancient Battles". Third, the names of sacrificial texts are further widely used by all walks of life. In addition, there are also other names such as suing, crying, mourning, burial, mourning, mourning, and mourning. For example, Li Shangyin's "A Message from My Niece", Liu Shi's "Mr. Xu's Yingyang Ancestral Hall Presents a Message", Fu Bi's "Crying Yinshe Humanities", Chen Liang's "An Examination of the Report to the Ancestor", etc. As for Han Yu's "Essay on Sacrifice to the Crocodile", Bai Juyi's "Essay on Sacrifice to Lushan Mountain", and Su Shi's "Essay on Sacrifice to the City God", they are the legacy of the ancient worship of gods and should not be included in the list of mourning offerings.
The eight great masters of the Tang and Song dynasties and other famous people paid tribute to each other, and the articles were plentiful and beautiful. Among them, those that are world-famous in the San style include Chen Ziang's "Essays to Commemorate the Lord of the Wei Mansion", Han Yu's "Essays to Commemorate the Twelve Langs", Bai Juyi's "Essays to Commemorate Fuliang Brother", and Li Shangyin's "Essays to Commemorate the Great Uncle Situ Gong". , Su Shi's "Ouyang Wenzhong Official Document", etc., and the "Essay on Commemoration of Twelve Langs" is the most recommended. This article is not legal in terms of content and writing. It does not write about Twelve Lang's personal deeds, but only writes about the difficult family situation in his early years, the alienation and distance in adulthood, and at the end, he writes about the grief and sorrow when the bad news came:
Wow! I don’t know the time of your illness, I don’t know the date of your death, we can’t support each other when you are alive, we can’t care for you when you are dead, I can’t express my sorrow for you, I can’t hold you in your coffin, my body doesn’t come to its hole, I have done something negative to the gods and caused your death. , unfilial and unkind, I will not be able to support you in life and stay with you until death; one is at the end of the sky, and the other is in the corner of the earth. When I am born, my shadow does not depend on my form, and when I die, my soul does not connect with my dreams. I actually do it, why is it so special! The sky is heaven, it is so easy to change!
Every word of Zhen Nai’s poem is filled with blood and tears, which is touching and sad. It was once praised as “the unique tune of thousands of years in sacrificial writings”. Among the world-famous rhymes are Wang Ji's "The Wen of Sacrifice to Du Kang", Zhang Shuo's "The Wen of Sacrifice to Yuan Shilang", Li Ao's "The Wen of Sacrifice to the Minister of Han Dynasty", Ouyang Xiu's "The Wen of Sacrifice to Shi Manqing", Su Che's "The Wen of Sacrifice to Shi Lang". "Dead Brother Duan Mingwen" and so on. He also recommends "Essay on Sacrifice to Shi Manqing" as his representative work. This article first laments the immortal reputation of the deceased, then mourns the desolation of the deceased's tomb, and then recalls the sincerity of past interactions. It starts from the point of view that we should forget our feelings, but ends with the conclusion that we should never forget our feelings. The writing style The abruptness and the melodious syllables express the author's infinite sorrow, and it is also known as an eternal masterpiece. In particular, the two phrases "Born as a hero, dead as a spirit" are often quoted by later generations in memorials. At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, ethnic conflicts were acute. The prose "Life Sacrifice Essay" written by Wang Yanwu when Wen Tianxiang was captured by Yuan soldiers, and the rhymed "Wang Ji Essay" written after Wen Tianxiang died in the country, are masterpieces of sacrificial essays with heroic emotions and exquisite language.
Of course, in terms of writing styles, the Tang and Song Dynasty ritual texts still have their own characteristics. Tang Dynasty literature is based on emotion, while Song Dynasty literature is based on reason. Due to the large number of epitaphs on stele tablets in the Tang Dynasty, the traces of the deceased's movements and daily life, as well as words of praise and praise, have been included in these flattering texts. Most of the memorial texts are written in mourning terms, which makes them more sincere and sincere. For example, the aforementioned "Essays on Sacrifice to the Twelve Langs" is of course full of thousands of words and deeply affectionate. Another short chapter by Han, "Essays on Sacrifice to the Fangjun", is also like this:
In the years and days of Wei, the more I send The official Huangfu was pleased to present the gifts of wine and meat in front of the coffin of the Shu guest with five senses: Woohoo! As for you, what can I say? If there are ghosts and gods, I will not think of my wife until I die! Alas! Can you hear this? Shang Xiang!
The full text is only about 60 words long, but every word is written in tears, making it unbearable to read. Due to the influence of the argumentative nature of Song Dynasty poetry, the sacrificial texts of the Song Dynasty were also covered with a veil of argumentation. For example, Wang Anshi's "Ouyang Wenzhong Official Document" begins with:
Husband's affairs can be achieved through human power, but it cannot be expected; how about the indifference of heaven's principles, how can it be achieved and pushed forward? But it was heard at that time when Mr. Gong was alive, and it was passed down to later generations after his death. It is enough to be like this, and how sad it is!
This text is a long memorial poem in rhyme style, but it does not contain lingering reciprocal words. Instead, it starts from a discussion, praising Ouyang Xiu’s life as a man and his heroic spirit. Among the memorial poems written by writers at that time, it was also rated as one of the best. first place. As for Li Yi'an's "Huzhou Essay on Commemoration of Zhao": "In the middle of the day, I sigh at Pang Weng's cleverness; the fortified city fell on its own, and I felt deep sorrow for Qi Fu." It is a profound summary of the mourning for her husband Zhao Mingcheng. It is called a memorial essay, but it is Even though the couplets are doubled and the counterpoints are stable, they are on the edge of the already established elegiac couplets of the Song Dynasty.
The Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties were the continuous stage of mourning writing in my country. Although there are not many innovative works, they have made great achievements in inheritance. Among them, those famous for their prose include Wang Shouren's "Ji Lvwen", Gui Youguang's "Sacrifice to My Aunt", Zhong Xing's "Announcement of the Death of My Son Si Xia", Liu Dakui's "Wen to Commemorate My Uncle", Yuan Mei's "Official Document of Sacrifice to Sisters", "Official Document of Sacrifice to Li Wenzhong" written by Wu Rulun, and "Official Document of Sacrifice to Li Wenzhong of Zhejiang Futing County" during the Opium War, etc. For example, "The Essay on Sacrifice to My Aunt":
In the year of Guisi, at the turn of autumn and winter, a critical illness suddenly occurred, and the breath was shaky. Still remembering my mother, I support her and return to peace. The disease was severe, and Edom was supported. Follow the stream for twenty-four miles, if you can't get there. On the eve of Gengzi's death in October, he asked the waiter: "Two drums are ready.
Hearing the whistling wind outside, he said, "It's cold and the wind is blowing. Is it possible that my mother can't come?" I can't wait? "Wow! How is the relationship between mother and child when they are in crisis and dying?
Through the detailed description of the late wife's dying thoughts about her mother, we commemorate the death of today's mother-in-law and the early loss of her children. The tragedy highly expresses the literary characteristics of the mourning poem:
Wow! It is neither thoughtable nor knowable in front of you; I don’t even hear your words when I cry for you. I don’t see you eating anymore. The paper is flying and the wind is strong. I still look back at you every time. Wow, how sad!
The memories in the article are full of tears and deep love for each other. "Heartache" has been read many times in Chinese textbooks. Among them, those famous for their rhyme style (or parallel style) include Xu Wei's "Memorial to Shaobao Hu Gongwen", Huang Zongxi's "Elegy to Mr. Zhang Daixuan", and Yan Shengsun's "Memorial to Nalan Xing". "German", Cao Yin's "Essays on the Commemoration of Mr. Guo Rulin", Wang Zhong's "Essays on the Commemoration of the Salt Ship", Mei Zengliang's "Essays on the Commemoration of the Salt Ship", etc. Such as "Essays on the Commemoration of the Salt Ship":
Oh, what a shame! It’s the fate of all living beings in the world to live in a state of mourning. It’s not the destiny of the heaven to mourn the death of a wife and leave her in the Mingtang without being punished. Why should I suffer such an injustice? The wandering soul has not returned, and the people in the house are crying.
It describes the tragic death of many merchants when the salt boat caught fire. , embodies the author's infinite sympathy and sadness, so it is also known as a famous article.