Liu Yuxi (772 ~ 842) was a writer and philosopher in the Tang Dynasty. Dream of words. Luoyang (now Henan) was born in Zhongshan (now Dingxian, Hebei). Liu Yuxi was as famous as Bai Juyi before his death and was called "Bai Liu" by the world. Bai Juyi called him a "poet" and admired him to the utmost. His poems are widely read.
original text
Autumn ci, autumn ci,
Since ancient times, every autumn has been sad and lonely.
I say autumn is better than spring.
In the clear sky, a crane is walking among the clouds.
It brought poetry to Bixiao.
Beautiful scenery and first frost at night,
Several trees are dark red and light yellow.
Try to go upstairs and find the bones,
Is it as crazy as spring?
The two poems in Autumn Poems are the works of Liu Yuxi, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty. The value of these two poems lies in the poet's unique feelings about autumn and autumn colors, and they sing high-spirited and inspirational songs, which is contrary to the tradition of literati's mourning for autumn in the past.
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Since ancient times: since ancient times, it generally refers to the past. Meet: meet. Loneliness: empty and silent, depressing emptiness, which refers to the bleak scene here.
Sadness and loneliness: lament depression and emptiness.
Spring dynasty (zhāo): early spring. The morning, meaning morning, means just beginning.
Above the clouds: break through the clouds and go straight up in the airspace.
Discharge clouds: push away white clouds.
Pai: Pushing away means breaking through.
Bi Xiao: Blue sky. Autumn ci
encounter
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Its head
Since ancient times, people have lamented loneliness and desolation every autumn.
I say autumn is better than spring.
In the clear autumn sky, a crane crossed the clouds and flew into the sky.
My poetic interest also followed it to the blue sky.
then
Autumn has come, with beautiful scenery and first frost at night;
The leaves turn from green to burnt yellow, but some of them turn red, which is particularly conspicuous in light yellow;
Climb a tall building and look around in the clear autumn;
It won't drive people crazy like spring.
Autumn poems express their feelings. This poem was written when the author was first demoted to Langzhou (now Changde, Hunan). Although he was demoted, he was not pessimistic. In this poem, the poet expresses his optimism and enterprising spirit by praising the beauty of autumn. The value of this poem lies in the poet's unique feeling of autumn. Contrary to other people's sentimental feelings of mourning for autumn, he enthusiastically praised the beauty of autumn scenery with unrestrained enthusiasm and vivid pictures, and sang an inspirational song with high spirits and hard work.
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In China ancient literature, "autumn" and "sorrow" are often equated. This poem about autumn is lively and lively, which shows the poet's positive and optimistic mood. The first two sentences are arguments, which directly express the view that autumn is better than spring. The last two sentences, the image of a white crane in a clear sky, vividly express the poet's heroic optimism.
Liu Yuxi, one year older than Liu Zongyuan, was also hit by his participation in political innovation activities, but his psychological endurance was much greater. Liu Yuxi was thirty-four years old when he was demoted to Langzhou (now Changde City, Hunan Province). I was proud of the spring breeze, but when I woke up, I was kicked out of court. I'm depressed. However, he has a strong psychology of seeking differences. He wants to be different in everything and refuses to follow suit.
"Since ancient times, autumn is sad and lonely. I say autumn is better than spring. On the clear sky and the clouds, it brings poetry to Bixiao. " ("Two Poems in Autumn")
Sorrow for autumn has always been the poet's occupational disease, but he insists on doing the opposite, thinking that crisp autumn makes people open-minded and more poetic. At the same time, he has a strong desire for self-expression and loves to express himself. In his later years, when he and Bai Juyi climbed a tall tower, they proudly sang: "Step by step, it is not difficult to go against each other, and nine clouds lean against the railing. Suddenly laughed for a long time, and unlimited tourists looked up. " Standing at the top of the tower, he laughed loudly, but he actually enjoyed it.
Liu Yuxi also studied philosophy and believed in Zen, but the effect was different from that of Liu Zongyuan. He also gained practical benefits in how to live in the world. Through philosophical reflection, he can turn the sadness and hatred in life into a feeling with historical depth. In this way, he can jump out from the limited time and space and get a higher level of psychological balance:
The mountains were desolate and silent for twenty-three years. People come back. Like people in Michelle, I can only play the flute, and I am disappointed. On one side of the boat, Qian Fan races; At the head of the sick tree, every year is a spring shower. After listening to your song today, I temporarily relied on the spirit of a glass of wine ("Yangzhou's first meeting to enjoy lotte").
The poet deeply understands that the essence of sorrowful autumn in ancient times is that people with lofty ideals are frustrated, disappointed with reality and pessimistic about the future, so they only see the depression in autumn and feel lonely and lifeless. The poet sympathizes with their experience and situation, but disagrees with their pessimism and disappointment. In response to this feeling of loneliness, he said that autumn is better than the spring when all things sprout and flourish, emphasizing that autumn is not lifeless, but very lively. He guided people to see cranes flying high. In the clear autumn sky, the clouds are straight, vigorous and powerful, and there is much to be done. Obviously, this crane is unique and lonely. But it is the tenacious struggle of this crane that broke through the cold breath of autumn, created a new scene for nature, and filled people with lofty ideals with vitality. This crane is the embodiment of indomitable spirit and struggling spirit. Therefore, the poet said, "Then bring poetry to Bixiao". "Poetry expresses ambition" and "poetic sentiment" is ambition. If people are really ambitious, they will have the spirit of struggle and will not feel lonely. This is the theme of the first poem.
The two autumn poems have the same theme, but they are written separately, which can be independent or complementary. One praises autumn and the other praises autumn. Qi is inspirational, color is emotional. Therefore, praise autumn for beauty and ambition, praise autumn for innocence. Scenery moves with people, and color changes with feelings. Scenery is like makeup, temperament and morality. Spring is glorious, and autumn is good character. The first two sentences of the second song describe the scenery in autumn. The poet just outlines its true colors and shows its characteristics. It is bright and innocent, red and yellow, with a slight color, showing an elegant and leisurely charm. Ling Ran is like a gentleman, which is admirable. If you don't believe me, try to go upstairs and have a look. You will feel clear-headed, clear-headed and deep inside, and will not be as frivolous as bright spring and colorful. The last sentence contrasts the theme of the poem with the reverse proportion of "crazy spring scenery", pointing out that the whole poem coincides with personification, vivid and ingenious.
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Liu Yuxi, a native of Luoyang, was a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty. He wrote many poems in his life. His work Humble Room Inscription is well known to people. Lead a hard life. Wang was demoted to Lianzhou secretariat for the case, and was later demoted to Longzhou secretariat and Hezhou judge.
Autumn Ci was written by Liu Yuxi after he was demoted to Langzhou. The poet changed the bleak artistic conception of traditional autumn poems, praised the openness and brightness of autumn, and embodied the poet's optimistic and indomitable fighting spirit.
The first sentence, from the poet's sadness in autumn, tells the poet's sad mood in autumn and pours out his feelings of sadness and loneliness. A word "sadness" describes the mood of poets in the past dynasties in autumn and tries to write a unique stroke for the latecomers.
In the second sentence, the poet admits that "autumn is like spring", and the word "spring" points out that it is full of vitality, vigor and the power of loose-leaf paper, which is in sharp contrast with the "loneliness" in the previous sentence, and immediately radiates the poet's optimistic attitude, and he is not tired because of autumn scenery's decline, nor discouraged because of the unsatisfactory official career.
The third sentence, with the crisp autumn sky as the background, uses "a crane" to break through the clouds and soar in the sky to express my ambition. I borrowed a crane to write that I want to leave the "cage" and return to nature and get rid of the fetters. The scenery is open and bright, which makes people relaxed and happy. What a free and easy crane this is!
The word "Yin" at the end of the sentence not only has the effect of originality and innovation, but also has unswerving lofty sentiments and great ambition of "Kun Peng spreading his wings in Wan Li".
The whole poem is magnificent and writes about distant time and space. A clear sky in autumn not only gives affirmation to those who are sad about autumn, but also turns out different views in an unconventional way, writing scenery to pave the way for expressing their wishes and revealing their intentions in the open and beautiful scenery. This kind of open and closed works is rare in Tang poetry.
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Autumn always plays a sad role in nature, and its "thinness" has long been a unique image that has been chewed and recalled by generations. Thus, in autumn, in the withered pages, in the square Chinese characters, I murmured, confusing sadness, sadness, missing and caring.
Liu Yuxi's Autumn Poems, on the other hand, found a new way, eulogizing the beauty of autumn with abnormal style and greatest enthusiasm. What is even more valuable is that "Autumn Ci" is still the work of the poet after he was relegated to Langzhou. Two original poems, choose the first one.
"Since ancient times, autumn has been sad and lonely. I say autumn is better than spring." Since Song Yu left a famous sentence in Nine Arguments, sadness has become a hue and an emotion in autumn. Sadness has become the autumn in my heart. However, at the beginning of the poem, the poet begins with a discussion, categorically denying the previous concept of sorrowful autumn, showing a radical and upward poetry. I'm talking about the poet's self-confidence, which, although infected, is an unfortunate color. However, the poet's broad mind has significantly resolved this misfortune. "Winning the Spring Dynasty" is the poet's full recognition of autumn scenery. This kind of recognition is not only a temporary emotional impulse, but a poet's rational thinking on autumn at a higher level.
"Clouds are scattered by cranes in the clear sky, which brings poetry to Bixiao." The poet grasped the unique landscape of "a crane flying in the sky" in autumn, showing the open scene of crisp autumn, clear skies in Wan Li and white clouds fluttering. The crane in Lingyun, also carrying the poet's poems, swam to the sky together. Although this crane is lonely, its momentum is extraordinary. The meaning of a word "beat" is self-evident. Perhaps, the poet uses "crane" as a metaphor, or perhaps, the poet regards "crane" as an unyielding embodiment. There is philosophical implication, artistic charm, thought-provoking and memorable. It gives readers not only the vitality and plain color of autumn, but also a noble spirit and noble sentiment.
Reading such a poem, we don't have a sad breath in our hearts. With the poet's "poetry" and the wings of the poet's imagination, we gallop in the blue sky like horses. As a result, the crane flies into the sky, and its poetry is far-reaching. The combination of "reality" and "emptiness" gives you a good feeling of inspirational emotion.
The whole poem is magnificent, artistic conception is magnificent, emotion, scenery and reason are integrated in one furnace, showing high spirit and broad mind, singing the extraordinary Qiu Ge and leaving us precious spiritual wealth.