"Wild goose" is a pictophonetic character. From Zhu's side,
Wei, short-tailed bird; Factory (h·?n) sounds, the factory is the cliff of the Rocky Mountains, and "people" are often arranged in the shape of "one" or "people" because of their flight. It is a little like a goose, with long neck and wings, short feet and tail, and light purple-brown feathers. It is good at swimming and flying.
The difference is that geese are large migratory birds and are not good at long-distance flights.
Every year, they go to the north in spring and return to the south in autumn. Therefore, in ancient poems, the * * * agreed images of these two birds can be seen everywhere.
1, show loyal love by Yan and Yan.
Swallows can be divided into male and female, and fly with them, so they have the word "Yan Hao" and become a symbol of love.
"Thinking like a pair of swallows, holding mud in the nest" (The Book of Songs). Gu Feng). It is because of these swallows that lovers are eager to fly with me. With the loneliness of an empty boudoir (Xue Daoheng's Yesterday's Salt), there is the independence of "falling flowers" and the loneliness and desolation of "swallows flying together" (Yan Shu. Broken array) is accompanied by "the swallow comes out of the moon and goes back to Yulou first" (Zhou Deqing. Happy spring), and "Flowers bloom far away, jade reduces the harm to spring, and Dongfeng Caotang flies" (Zhang Kejiu. Introduction to Qingjiang River).
Yuan Haowen, a poet in Jin Dynasty, once wrote "Touching Fish Qiu Yan Ci" because he saw a wild goose being killed and a wild goose singing and dying.
: "ask the world, what is love, teach life and death? Flying in all directions, the old wings have been hot and cold several times. Happy fun, bitter parting, the more stupid the child. If you have something to say, the clouds in Wan Li and the snow in Qian Shan, who will you only go to? " "Ask the world, what is love and teach life and death?" Since then, it has become a famous sentence. The sentence that touched generation after generation actually originated from a wild goose. 2.
In ancient times, there was a word "geese and silks", which meant letters. In the Tang Dynasty, Guo Shaolan wrote poems to her husband Renzong. The poem "seeing my husband off" says: "My husband went to the lake, I cried blood at the window, and my hospitality was given to my poor lover by the wings of the swallow." It was because of the swallow's affection that the husband changed his mind and the husband and wife met. Guo Shaolan is lucky. Some unfortunate women borrow Yan to send books. Fancy Luan Ying's wandering fan "(Zhang Kejiu's Sai Qiu Hong Chun Qing)," tears leaning on the floor, talking alone. Will we meet a stranger when Shuang Yan comes? " (Feng Yansi's butterfly lovers), it moved people to tears.
Wang Wan's "Next Stop on the North Fort Mountain" and "I can finally send my messenger, the geese, home to Luoyang" express the poet's deep yearning for his hometown.
3. Express the feeling of wandering and describe the suffering of wandering.
The uncertainty of the swallow's habitat left a rich imagination space for the poet, or wandered around, "like a new swallow every year, roaming the vast sea to repair the rafters" (Zhou Bangyan's Man Fang Ting); Or the ups and downs of life experience, "Looking at Chang 'an from afar, the future is a little bit, and the journey is difficult from south to north" (Zhang Kejiu's "Palace Front"); Or leave each other when they meet, "like a social couple, they will send each other when they meet unsteadily" (Su Shi's "Send Chen Yu Tan Zhou"); Or from time to time, "magnets fly, mica comes to water, earth dragons bring rain, and geese fly instead" (Liu An's Huai Nan Zi).
Zhao Tuo, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote in Autumn in Chang 'an: "When the stars break, geese cross the river, and the sound of the flute makes people lean against the building." In the stars and the flute, geese are wandering by the river. Ouyang Xiu's "Listening to geese homesick at night makes them feel ill during the New Year" and Du Fu's farewell poem: "There is a cold wind blowing in the distance. What are you thinking, old friend?" The geese never answered me, and the rivers, lakes and seas were flooded by rain. "
Yan and Yan have the same image, but Yan has other different images.
1, showing the changes of current affairs, expressing the feelings and indignation of past ups and downs, personnel metabolism, national subjugation and extinction, and family destruction.
Swallows leave in autumn and come in spring, never forgetting their old nests. The poet seized this feature and gave vent to his indignation. Liu Yuxi's Wuyi Xiang: "There are weeds in Suzaku Bridge, and the sun sets at the entrance of Wuyi Xiang. In the old society, Wang Xietang died in front of swallows and flew into the homes of ordinary people. " Banquet's "flowers fall helplessly, like a ripe swallow returning home, wandering alone in a small garden" ("Huanxisha") (Jinling post). Swallow has no intention, but witnessed the changes of current events, endured the suffering of the country's destruction and death, and showed the sadness of the poet's "separation". The load is heavy.
2. Express the beauty of spring and convey the feeling of cherishing spring.
According to legend, swallows come to the north in spring and return to the south in autumn. Poets regard them as symbols of spring to beautify and praise them, such as "Hidden in a mist of flowers, swallows' new milk" in Wei's Meet My Friends in Beijing, "Swallows come to the new society, pear flower falls comes behind" at the banquet, and "Clear sky and Wan Li sand" by George. That is, "Yingying Yan Chunhua". Shi Dazu's poem "Shuang Shuang Yan Yongyan" is like carving a beam and painting a well, and his words are uncertain. Floating quickly blows the flower tip, and the green tail is separated from the red shadow. " Extremely fascinating, similar in form and spirit. Ouyang Xiu's "Picking Mulberry Seeds" "When all the tourists have gone away, they will feel the spring sky. At the end of the curtain, Shuang Yan was drizzling. "
The spring is bright, the swallows are petite and lovely, and the literati are affectionate. When spring is gone, the poet will feel infinite sadness. I miss my hometown and friends.
For example, Fan Zhongyan's "The Fisherman's Pride", "The scenery in Qiu Lai is different, and Hengyang geese don't pay attention." The difference between autumn scenery in the frontier and Suzhou in my hometown has aroused people's yearning for my hometown.
At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, in The West Chamber, Cui Yingying Changting sang, "The sky is clear and the yellow land is tight, and the west wind is tight, flying south. Who got drunk in the morning? It always makes people cry. " The scenes came together, and the feelings were unbearable, which became the swan song of the ages. For example, Du Fu's "The Lonely Goose", "The lonely goose flies without pecking. Whoever pities a shadow will lose a million clouds. "
The poet left Chengdu with his family and stayed in Kuizhou. Like this lonely goose, he left his hometown with his family and was separated from his friends. The poet fully expressed his thoughts for his friends by describing the lonely geese and the cries of the group of people.
I remember there is such a couplet: the magpie crows rashly, and makes a branch to discuss good or bad luck; Swallows come and go, and when they meet, they talk about spring and autumn.
It shows that the wild geese come in spring and fly south in autumn, which is not only a swallow, but also a symbol of China traditional culture, and has been integrated into the blood of every Chinese descendant.