Prose is a literary genre, also known as poetry, novel and drama. It refers to unorganized prose, including prose, essays and travel notes. Is the freest style. No rhyme, no parallelism, no constraints and restrictions. It is also the earliest style of writing in China. Usually, an essay has one or more central ideas, which are expressed by lyricism, narration and reasoning. So what are the characteristics of prose? First, the shape is scattered but the spirit is not scattered. Second, the artistic conception is far-reaching. Pay attention to the expression of the author's life feelings, lyrical and sincere. Thirdly, the language is beautiful, concise and rich in literary talent. Second, landscape prose is the perfect unity of form and spirit.
The form of landscape prose refers to the content of writing, that is, landscape is an external form. Its spirit is the author's writing purpose and emotion, and it is an artistic conception revealed by the external form and the author's writing purpose. Why the author writes scenes, what scenes he chooses to write and what means of expression he uses are all decided by God. That is, it is determined by the author's writing purpose, so landscape prose is the perfect unity of form and spirit. Third, appreciate landscape prose.
Since landscape prose is the unity of form and spirit, it should be analyzed from two aspects: form and spirit. Specifically from the following aspects: 1, reward object.
(1) Determine the writing object. The article is the carrier of the author's thoughts and feelings, and the scenery in the prose is the tool for the author to express his specific feelings, that is, the writing object. Naturally,
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To appreciate landscape prose, we must first appreciate the landscape. It is not enough to just determine what the author wrote, that is, Xiao Jing, but also to be specific to the big scene. Xiao Jing should serve the big scene and the purpose of writing. When choosing a scene, the author often takes into account its cultural significance, unique senses and internal gains. In general, the title of the article is the object of writing, such as: Praise of Poplar is the object of writing poplars, and Winter in Jinan is the object of writing winter in Jinan. And some special landscape prose, travel notes or non-travel notes. , are often written in words, like the Three Gorges in Li Daoyuan, whose scenery is specifically the mountains, waters and trees of the Three Gorges. ...
(2) the characteristics of the reward object. After defining the author's writing object, the next step is to appreciate the "shape" of the landscape. In any article about landscape, the author should highlight the characteristics of landscape. Only characteristics can show the scenery and impress readers. So how do you find out the characteristics of things? I think there are two main methods: one is to find out the general words directly in the text according to the writing content. In the article "Winter in Jinan", the words "sunny", "loud" and "warm" in the first natural section highly summarize the characteristics of the scenery, and the whole article is based on these three words in material selection. Second, according to the author's description of the scenery, summarize the characteristics of the scenery. This method mainly grasps the modifiers in the description of scenery. From the part of speech, most of them are adjectives, quantifiers and phrases. Step 2 appreciate the senses
The requirement of "shape" is helpful to the way and angle of observation. Simply put, it is what feeling the author uses to observe and where he stands to observe. Through the senses, we can see the scenery, smell it, touch it, taste it and so on. So when we appreciate the scenery, we should analyze what the author sees, hears, smells, touches, tastes and thinks. For example, in the third paragraph of Zhu Ziqing's Spring, the author sees grass, and the grass the author touches is "tender" and "soft". In the fourth paragraph, the author sees peach trees, apricot trees and pear trees. Their colors are red, pink and white. The author tasted it.
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The taste of flowers is sweet. Hearing the buzz of bees, I feel the author's love and praise for spring. Therefore, when analyzing the form, we should look at its shape, color and state through vision, feel the beautiful sound through hearing, feel the texture through touch and feel the ups and downs of things through taste. In addition, the use of senses should also take into account the observation angle, whether the author moves for change or observes at a fixed point; Looking down or up; From top to bottom, or from inside to outside ... Only in this way can we fully and accurately feel the scenery grasped by the guest, and then see the author's emotional attitude and values towards the landscape. 3. Reward technology
After the writing object has established and mobilized a series of senses, we will analyze the skills used by the author. How to analyze it?
First, rhetorical devices. When reading this kind of prose, we must master its knowledge points and learn to use it. The use of rhetoric will add a lot of color to the article, and it can also highlight the characteristics of things and better express emotions. Just like Zhu Ziqing wrote "Looking forward to, looking forward to" in the first paragraph of "Spring", the use of repeated rhetorical devices highlights the author's desire for the arrival of spring; In the fourth paragraph, I wrote "like a mother's hand touching you", and used metaphors and personification in the sentence, which vividly highlighted the warmth and kindness of the spring breeze and gave people the feeling of maternal love.
Second, the expression techniques, we should know several commonly used expression techniques in scenery writing: contrast, foil, symbol, lyricism by borrowing things, lyricism by borrowing scenery, expressing one's mind directly, and lyricism by supporting things. Take Lao She's Winter in Jinan as an example. In the first natural section, the winter in Beiping and London and the tropical climate are compared with the winter in Jinan, which obviously highlights the warm and sunny characteristics of Jinan.
Therefore, by grasping the techniques, we can grasp the author's feelings about the scenery and better understand the author's thoughts and feelings. Step 4 appreciate emotions
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The purpose of writing scenery is to express feelings, and all scenery words are sentimental words. Emotional appreciation can be seen from the rhetoric, expressions and expressions used by the author. The forms of expression of landscape prose are mainly description, but also discussion, lyricism and narration. The author wants to express his feelings about the scenery, and rhetoric and expression are excellent means. Sometimes, if you express your ideas directly, you may use lyricism or discussion. At the end of Liang Heng's Summer Sense, "I want to praise this golden summer between spring and autumn." He expressed his affection for Xia by expressing his heart directly. When the author expresses his feelings indirectly, he may use scenery to express his feelings and express his will, such as My Humble Room Inscription and Ailian Shuo. At any time, the author is permeated with rich emotions between the lines. When we appreciate it, we should carefully ponder and analyze every word, word and sentence.