The roads are congested and the mountains and rivers are lonely. The only old man who dragged out an ignoble existence has rebelled for three dynasties.
The rain is urgent and the green maple is dusk, and the clouds are deep and the black water is far away. If you don't get your dream back, you don't have to talk about it.
Introduction to ancient poetry
Dream is a five-character poem written by Du Fu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. The poem is about homesickness, the state of mind in which dreams are reversed, and the regret of not being able to go home. The first four sentences of the poem tell you that you can't go home. The last four sentences describe dreams and write that the soul has not returned. The whole poem is full of reality and reality, which makes each other interesting, which increases the appeal of the poem and is touching.
Translation/translation
Now it coincides with the war, the roads are blocked, and the weather in Jiangshan is getting colder and more depressing every day.
You drag out an ignoble existence. I am the only old man who wanders around. Now I have gone through three dynasties of rebellion.
In the dream, the wind and rain are rushing, and the lush maple trees on both sides of Xiangjiang River can't be seen in the darkness. In the dream, the clouds are thick and you can't see the black water drifting in the distance.
My soul can't return to Chang 'an yet, and it's still wandering in Chu. Oh, forget it! There is no need to engage in Chu ci evocation.
To annotate ...
1 When: Sometimes. Tongsai: unobstructed, blocked.
2 Jiangshan: This refers to rivers and mountains, and refers to the national territory and political power. Guo Pu's "Fu Jiang" in the Jin Dynasty: "Lu people fished for their son and were deported." Day: Every day, day after day. Loneliness: cold and depression.
3 drag out an ignoble existence: begging for a living. Wei: independence, wei, wei. An old man: An old man. It's what the author calls himself.
(4) Confrontation: refers to the crusade against traitors, including An Lushan, Shi Siming, Buguhuai and Tubo. Three Dynasties: refers to Xuanzong, Suzong and Daizong.
⑤ Green maple: a lush maple tree. Green, dark green. Twilight: If it's dark at night.
⑥ Cloud depth: refers to thick cumulus clouds. Dark: a strong color. Heishui: water name, in Qin land. Yao: Gone with the wind.
⑦ Dream Soul: The ancients thought that the human soul would leave the body during sleep, so it was called "dream soul". Return: refers to the court. No: no.
Creation background
This poem was written in Dali (768-769). Du Fu has been in his twilight years, suffering from many diseases and suffering from wandering. At this time, the poet wandered between Hunan and Hunan, living in the place where Qu Yuan was exiled, and the image of Qu Yuan always lingered in his heart. In the remote and desolate land of southern Hunan, the poet anxious to return. However, the war is intermittent, and it is difficult to make a plan to return to the north. On the contrary, it is necessary to "go south from now on." The feeling of the times, the sigh of life experience and the idea of going to the countryside are all trapped in my heart and turned into dreams, so I wrote this poem.
Appreciation/appreciation
Literary appreciation
The five laws are four, two and two structures. The first four sentences talk about reality, the fifth and sixth sentences talk about dreams, and the last two sentences talk about sighs. Sometimes the road is open, sometimes it is blocked-because sometimes the war stops and sometimes it happens, and it has not subsided yet. Because the people can't settle down, the countryside is barren, and the mountains and rivers are becoming increasingly deserted and lifeless. Although the Anshi Rebellion experienced three generations: Xuanzong, Suzong and Daizong, the poet still lived in seclusion in the world and lived in the barren land of southwest China in his later years. I think it's unnatural. Go to my hometown and worry about it. However, even in dreams, the poet's dreams are not necessarily a little easier, and dreams are as sinister as reality. The dream soul wants to fly over the Chuqing maple forest, and it is difficult to tell the direction in the heavy rain and fog, but the sky is as dark as the eye can see, and the Qin black water passes through the clouds, so far. The return of the dream soul is as difficult and sinister as reality. Such a long and dangerous journey, even a dream soul may not be able to fly over, even if relatives use the "song of the South" to summon the soul, it is also in vain.
The poet used two allusions about Qu Yuan, namely, "The rain hits the green maple at dusk" and "There is no need to evoke the soul with Chu Ci". One is, "There are maple trees on Zhanjiang River. Looking at it for thousands of miles hurts spring, and the soul returns to the south of the Yangtze River!" One is "Go back to your hometown, go back to your former residence." These two classic works not only fit the dream scene, but also imply that the poet and Qu Yuan have similar circumstances, similar fate and the same patriotic feelings of worrying about the country and the people.
Famous comments
Reading Du Xin's explanation by riding a dragon in Qingpu: One corresponds to four, two meets three, the road is blocked, and the rebels stack up. When you are lonely, life often disappears. The detention of the old man has been a constant storm. This is a long-standing dream.
Yang Qinglun's Du Shi Jing Quan: May 6th refers to "you came to me through the green of a forest, and you disappeared next to a shadowy fortress", and July 8th refers to "an old soul can't find it, but it is a fear of getting lost in returning home".
Appreciation and Translation of the Original of Boudoir Dream —— Two Topics of Boudoir Dream
On a stormy night in Chang 'an, a bookworm dreams of a long valley.
Yiyi laughs in the main hall, and his younger brother grows green.
The house is thick and heavy, and I hope I am full of hunger.
An inch of heart, snuff as a fish.
Introduction to ancient poetry
The greatest feature of this poem is its plain language, natural composition, soothing tone and sincere feelings.
Translation/translation
After midnight in Chang 'an.
The wind and rain suddenly started,
I am a scholar far from home.
In my dream, I went back to my hometown, Changgu.
Mom, you touched my face.
Tears blurred, but ecstatic,
Little brother, you are busy picking bamboo by the river.
It's to reward me, yo-yo,
I am very grateful to you for taking the trouble to bless me.
The deep feelings of the family,
Everyone wants me to go hungry in Chang 'an.
When I woke up,
An inch of my sad heart.
Such as knife cutting, such as rope twisting,
Fish has pearls, but they don't turn sour.
The dim light shines in my eyes,
Tears are like fish beads.
To annotate ...
Booker: The author calls himself.
Changgu: The poet's hometown is Yiyang County, Henan Province.
Square smile: refers to laughing in front of mother.
Cut: collection.
Fish: A fish has pearls in its eyes, which means there are tears in its eyes.
Appreciation/appreciation
It has no gorgeous rhetoric and rich colors, and it has no big leap, from remembering and feeling dreams, from describing before dreams to meeting in dreams, and then expressing feelings after dreams. It is orderly, affectionate and natural in language. The poem begins with a stormy night and ends with the lights of tears for you, with a surreal description of the music scene in the dream. Compared with sadness and joy, poetry is true and natural, with a low mood, fine but not stagnant, plain but not dry. It can be seen that this poem embodies the diversity of Li He's poetic style and deserves attention.
Appreciation and translation of the original dream of returning home;
To send a dream to Wu Qiang, Shuitie (2) Jiang Cheng has a long way to go. I want to see Zhou Fang, the original mooring cable, the sunset and the jagged smoke trees recognize Wuchang.
Worried about the new ointment on your temple. 6. I used to dye the royal fragrance on my clothes. Speaking of hometown, it's bleak, but I'm afraid it's better than hometown.
Precautions:
In the fifth year of Xichun in the Southern Song Dynasty (1 178), Lu You returned from East Sichuan. This word was written when Zhou Zhong was near Wuchang.
① Wu Qiang: Wu's boat.
(2) Post Station: In ancient times, people who sent documents rested and changed horses. Here refers to travel in general.
③ Zhoufang: It refers to Parrot Island, which is in the Yangtze River northeast of Wuchang.
(4) Rope: iron rope or thick rope used to fix the ship after landing.
⑤ Wuchang: It is now Wuchang, Hubei.
6 new cream: new white hair. Frost: refers to white hair.
⑦ Korean clothes are all dyed with royal fragrance: it means being an official in North Korea. Imperial costume: the official costume of a court visiting the emperor.
Make old friends: old friends, old friends.
Translation:
The dream is pinned on the ship bound for Wudi, and the waterway ahead is still a long way away. I want to see Wuchang, the Jiangcheng where the smoke trees are scattered in the sunset when I just stopped at Nautilus Island.
There is a new white hair next to my sideburns. I think I used to wear a robe to see the king in the temple. Nowadays, there are fewer old friends returning home, and they are desolate, but they are afraid that their hometown is better than their hometown.
Brief analysis:
This word was written by Lu Youfeng when he was transferred to Beijing and was about to leave Chengdu. It not only writes about the nostalgia for hometown, but also reveals the infinite nostalgia for Chengdu. The last movie is to watch the scene on the way home. Shui Yi Jiangcheng, Zhou Fangbo. As the sun sets, the smoke trees are uneven. The next picture is about returning home. Worried about the temples, the old friends are scattered and desolate, which is even more desolate than my hometown. Psychological portrayal, nuanced. The whole poem has a beautiful artistic conception and picturesque scenery. Euphemism and beauty, with infinite sadness.
Yu Biyun's Selected Interpretation of Ci Poems in Tang, Five Dynasties and Two Song Dynasties: At the beginning, only Zhou Xing was written, which already contained the worries of guests. The sentence "material yang" is picturesque. I followed my words and planned to go back to my hometown with the joy of returning home, but the door and lane remained the same, so my old friend dispersed. If I go to a lonely place, I don't see things and cherish people's feelings, but I have a layer of writing.
The poet's wandering boat finally set foot on his way home, and this journey seemed so long in the poet's mind. The short sentence is "If you want to send a dream to Wu Hao, it is a long way to go by water mail." Full of deep love for my hometown. The way home should be full of joy, but the poet can't help worrying about the future.
Appreciate:
In the fifth year of Xichun (1 178), Lu You returned from East Sichuan and arrived in Wuchang in early autumn. This word was written by the author on the boat to Wuchang.
Write down the itinerary and scenery in the first movie. "To dream of sending Wu Hao, Shui Yi Jiangcheng has a long way to go." The writer went to Wu by boat alone, although he walked a lot of land and water, the road ahead is still far. Lu You's poem "Shu Zhong" has the sentence of "Wu Qiang's first thought, Yue Long's eight clouds and empty feelings"; In the poem "Xuzhou" that left Shu, there is another sentence: "Chu Shao and Wu Hao traveled far and wide, enjoying flowers and dreaming of Xizhou". Repeatedly saying "Wu Hao" means nothing more than those ships belonging to Wu. Worried about the distant future, dreaming of Wu Qiang is nothing more than expressing one's desire to return to Wu, hoping that the ship can sail smoothly and quickly. The beauty lies in the story of "sending dreams", which is novel and imaginative, just like Li Bai's poem "My heart is bright and the moon is sad". "I want to see Zhou Fangchu tied the rope, the sun goes down, and the smoke tree recognizes Wuchang." "I want to see it" was an idea when I was near Wuchang.
Wuchang has the victory of mountains and rivers, and Cui Hao's poem "The Yellow Crane Tower" has the sentence "Every tree in Hanyang is clear, and a nest of herbs in Parrot Island". The author imagined that the boat arrived in Wuchang at dusk and tied the cable to the edge of the mainland, and it was bound to see the uneven scenery of the smoke trees on the mountain. Just a word "recognition" can be regarded as a return trip. You have the impression of traveling before, and you can identify it by comparison. These three sentences not only describe the beauty of Wuchang scenery, but also describe the situation in Wuchang; Writing is concise, flexible and romantic.
The next movie is lyrical. "I'm worried about the new cream. I used to dye the royal fragrance in my clothes. " The last sentence lamented that he was old and was 54 years old; Next sentence
The next three sentences, like the end of the last movie, also use imaginative techniques.
Homesickness is a poet's poem describing the king of Jin: "People miss their hometown, and visitors miss the forest." Tang Shangyin's poem: "Life is long and meaningless, and nostalgia will grow old." There are also homesick sentences when Lu travels in Sichuan, such as "I have been homesick for a long time" and "There are dreams in the mountains". At this time, on the way home, the author suddenly remembered: "It is sad to pay more attention to my hometown, but I am afraid that my hometown will be better than my hometown." Novel artistic conception. This artistic conception seems to originate from Du Fu's poem "Get News from My Sister": "Who will get after the chaos? Hometown wins hometown. " But what Du Fu said is that his hometown is in chaos, and he wants to go back, so it is better to temporarily settle in another place. This is a comparison of the past. Lu You talked about the change of reuniting hometown after a long separation, making friends with old friends and dying. He is afraid of being more lonely and sad than living in a foreign country, and he is worried about the future. The same sentence, different purposes, used the word "but afraid", feeling that this is not a simple inheritance.
This is not necessarily equal to Huang Tingjian's "reborn", but more likely to coincide with his own life feelings. This feeling of wanting to go back and being afraid of going back is contradictory in my heart. Therefore, after Lu You came home, he sometimes lamented that "the lonely crane returned to fly, and the old man was replaced after Liao Tian" and "I didn't expect to be alive now" ("Qinyuanchun"); Sometimes there will be the joy of "who is the camp" and "idiot who doesn't return to the truth"
This word is concise and realistic, with many scenes and novel ideas. Although it is short, it is full of profound meaning.
Reading training:
(1) Briefly describe the role of "dreaming of Wu Qiang, from water to river to long road" in the whole poem. (3 points)
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(2) What did the poet think on the boat? Please sum it up in your own words. (3 points)
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(3) What kind of mood does "I am afraid of winning my hometown in a different place" express? Please analyze it briefly. (4 points)
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Reference answer:
(1) confessed that he expressed his desire to go home on his way home (1), which led to the following (1).
(2) Arriving in Wuchang for the first time (1), having professional experience (1) and fantasizing about returning home (1).
(3) Expressed the ambivalence of wanting to go home and being afraid to go home (2 points). The poet is eager to return to his hometown after a long absence (1), but he is worried that the separation of his hometown will arouse deeper loneliness and sadness than living in a foreign country (1).