Wang Zhi has been playing Jiangshan Poetry for seven years.

Zhu Yuanzhang was born in poverty and was able to be the first emperor of the Ming Dynasty from a cowherd, knowing that Jiangshan was hard-won. In order to make the Ming Dynasty last forever, Zhu Yuanzhang got up before dawn every day to go to work, met with officials, read out the memorials from all over the country, and was busy until midnight every day. However, the stability of the world can not be achieved by the emperor alone, but based on multiple angles. Whether internally or externally, in order to achieve all-round development, a dynasty can last forever. Such as the gains and losses in the world, in addition to the emperor's diligence and love for the people, there are also foreign and domestic factors. Domestic factors can also be divided into the counterattack of the oppressed people at the bottom and the internal struggle of the ruling group. The oppressed people at the bottom, such as farmers and small and medium-sized landlords, will not resist the rule of the court as long as they have the possibility of survival; On the contrary, the upper ruling group may produce one or several careerists who usurp and seize power at any time. Therefore, Zhu Yuanzhang knew the importance of strengthening imperial power, and Hu was the biggest stumbling block to him. Hu was a major political turning point in the early Ming Dynasty. At the beginning of the Ming dynasty, the world was uncertain, and there were many things to explore in the south and the north. Zhu Yuanzhang had to follow the regime of the Yuan Dynasty, set up a central secretariat province and set up a prime minister. Under it, he set up political affairs in Pingzhang, participated in political affairs, commanded hundreds of officials and mastered the highest administrative power of the country. Hu, a native of Dingyuan, Anhui Province, joined Zhu Yuanzhang in his early years. Because of his meticulous work, he was very popular with Zhu Yuanzhang. Successive marshal, Ningguo county magistrate, judge of Ji 'an, judge of Taichang and judge of Shao Qing. Hong Wu was an adviser to Ren Zhongshu Province for three years (1370), and served as the right prime minister for six years (1373), thus Hu reached the peak of power. He began to become arrogant and extravagant in his life, politically linked to his cronies, and rejected dissidents. It can be described as "killing and taking away, without beating himself" and even hiding impeachment letters. With the growing power of Hu, many officials in the imperial court followed suit, which caused great dissatisfaction of Zhu Yuanzhang and was also an opportunity to open Zhu Yuanzhang's heart and "cut off" the relative power. A stable and gradual way to "cut off" relative power As mentioned above, Hu is only an opportunity for Zhu Yuanzhang to "cut off" relative power, not because Zhu Yuanzhang of Hu wants to abolish the prime minister system, even if this person is Li Hexiu, the final result is the same. Because in the early years after the establishment of Zhongshu Province and the prime minister, Zhu Yuanzhang found that the great power of the prime minister in Zhongshu Province was unfavorable to the imperial power, especially the great power of the prime minister in Zhongshu Province, which easily led to the decline of the imperial power. To this end, Zhu Yuanzhang had to carry out reforms. The purpose of the reform was to concentrate imperial power so that "power does not belong exclusively to one department". At the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China, Zhu Yuanzhang appointed Xu Da and Li Shanchang as prime ministers. In the fourth year of Hongwu, Li Shanchang was dismissed as the prime minister, and Wang Guangyang was appointed as the right prime minister; Hongwu six years, was demoted, Hu Ren right prime minister; In the ninth year of Hongwu, Zhu Yuanzhang abolished the provinces where local power was too concentrated. In the tenth year of Hongwu, the General Political Department was established to replace the original practice of playing directly to the Prime Minister; In the same year, Hu appointed He as Prime Minister. Hu "usurped power", Zhu Yuanzhang tried to contain it, but failed to do so. It was not until the twelfth year of Hongwu that Zhu Yuanzhang officially pointed the finger at Hu in the first month of the following year. Hu also felt that his power was weakened and suppressed by Zhu Yuanzhang, and at the same time he deeply felt Zhu Yuanzhang's suspicion. Perhaps Hu at this time, for his own safety and prosperity, does not rule out that he has a "rebellious heart." In the 13th year of Hongwu, Hu was brought to justice, and Zhu Yuanzhang also publicly listed Hu's "numerous crimes", and announced the permanent abolition of the prime minister system that had been followed in China for more than 1,500 years. After Zhu Yuanzhang abolished the prime minister system, centralization was abolished. "I want to change the book province, upgrade to six, and antique six-part system, so that all departments can go their own way." The abolition of the book province also means that the prime minister system that has been used for more than 500 years/kloc-0 is dead. Zhu Yuanzhang divided the power of the prime minister (that is, the highest administrative power of the country) into six departments: household, official, ritual, military, criminal and industrial. The six departments have their own duties and are not unified. Local governments also have the same idea, that is, to abolish the provincial government and set up a commander-in-chief, a minister in charge and a provincial judge to take charge of local military and political judicial power, which is not unified and directly under the central government. With the revocation of Zhongshu Province, Yushitai, a supervisory organization modeled after the Yuan Dynasty in the early Ming Dynasty, was also revoked accordingly. In the fifteenth year of Hongwu, Zhu Yuanzhang set up Douchayuan, which had jurisdiction over the left and right suggestion. There are thirteen inspectors, with a total number of more than 100. They are responsible for the supervision of all government offices. In the following ten years, in order to further strengthen the imperial power and crack down on the powerful forces that might threaten the imperial power, Zhu Yuanzhang further cleaned up the rules and regulations in the name of the Hu case and expanded Hu's "accomplices" one by one. According to incomplete statistics, 30,000 people were killed in the Hu case, including 22 Hou-level people, including Han Hou Li Shanchang, Yan 'an Hou Tangshengzong, Pingliang Hou Feiju, Ji 'an Hou Zhongxiang, Xingyang Hou Zhengyuchun, Nanxiong Hou, Henan Hou Luju, Yichun Hou, Deng Yu's son Shen Guogong Deng Zhen and others. In addition, Xuan Dehou, Jin Chaoxing, Hou, Yongcheng Hou Xuexian, Lu 'an Hou, Jinghai Hou Zhen Wu, Gong Changhou Guo Xing, Ru 'nan Hou Meisuzu, Nan 'an Hou Yudongyuan, Huai 'an Hou Huayunlong, Yongjia Hou Zhuliangzu who died before the incident were still regarded as Comrade Hu, and their descendants were also implicated, many of whom were executed. Later, Zhu Yuanzhang compiled their confessions into "Exposing Traitors" and published them to the world. At this point, Zhu Yuanzhang completed the concentration of administrative power. Problems after the abolition of the prime minister system However, after the abolition of the prime minister system, the six ministries became real executive agencies, but they were too scattered and had different powers. In this way, the emperor needs to directly face the affairs of various institutions, and everything must be done in a very detailed and complicated way. If he meets a king who is not diligent, the system will surely collapse. Diligent Zhu Yuanzhang also lamented: "The people rule the world with one suit, and they can't be without auxiliary ministers", so there must be a set of auxiliary administrative agencies, or a group of officials who are similar to prime ministers but have the power of prime ministers to assist the emperor in handling government affairs. So in September of the thirteenth year of Hongwu, Zhu Yuanzhang set up four auxiliary ministers, "taking Wang Ben, Du You, Gong Jia, Du Jia, Zhao and Wu Yuan as officials in spring and summer to assist in praising politics". These people are all old Confucians from the countryside, and they have no advantages except simplicity, so they can't help and praise political affairs. So in July of the fifteenth year of Hongwu, Zhu Yuanzhang deposed him. It also set up Gaihuatang, Wenhua Hall, Wuyingtang, Wenyuan Pavilion, Dongge and other university students, and appointed imperial academy officials as emperors to "seek truth, discuss government affairs and comment on history". In addition, a group of academicians were selected to assist in handling the memorial. Zhu Yuanzhang's move separated the advisory group from the government group. Although it can prevent the imperial power from falling, it also greatly restricts the assistant administration of the university students. It was not until Ming Taizu Judy took Jie Jin, Hu Guang and Yang Rongjin to participate in the maintenance, that the cabinet system was solved. Conclusion In Hu's case, we see a beggar and a wandering monk living at the bottom of society. Once he ascended the throne of the emperor, he wanted to achieve absolute centralization and make it last forever, which was terrible and bloody. To this end, 30,000 people were killed. The predecessors' evaluation of Liu Bang, the Emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty, was: "A bird bows to hide, a sly rabbit dies, and a running dog cooks", but as far as the Hu case is concerned, Zhu Yuanzhang's contribution to the massacre is even worse than Liu Bang's. The Hu case aims at strengthening centralization, strengthening imperial power and realizing the permanence of the Zhu family dynasty. At the same time, through the Hu case, a new discipline was established, the bureaucratic team was reorganized, the real "access decree" was realized, and an efficient regime was established; It has also changed the chaotic order since the Yuan Dynasty, and enabled the Lebanese people to "recuperate" and the economy to recover and develop rapidly. It also left a set of autocratic monarchy system, which helped Zhu Jiachao lay the foundation for 277 years. However, Zhu Yuanzhang's "extreme autocracy" and "brutal and bloody slaughter" also killed the democratic spirit in the cradle and set a precedent. Indirectly, China fell into the abyss of autocratic rule, which reached its peak in the Qing Dynasty and affected the development of China's history. References: A Record of Ming Taizu, History of Ming Dynasty, Biography of Zhu Yuanzhang, Emperor Hongwu and Hanlin Collection.