(A) grasp the author's emotions
Poetry usually expresses the poet's feelings and conveys the poet's thoughts with the help of specific descriptions, which is what we call ideological content. When we read and appreciate poetry, we must first understand the author's feelings in the poem, which is the basis of speaking with the author and reading poetry. The main questions of this year's college entrance examination are:
1, analyze the emotion contained in the poem
The so-called analysis of the emotion contained in the poem is to extract a sentence from the poem and ask the candidates to analyze the author's emotion contained in the poem. According to the characteristics of the selected sentence, you can set questions from the following angles.
(1) The scenery is lyrical. Extract the sentences describing the scenery in the poem and ask the candidates to analyze the feelings expressed by the author. Such as the 2007 college entrance examination Jiangsu volume:
Read the following Song lyrics and then answer this question.
Quail day? leak
Xin Qiji
After singing "Guan Yang Guan", I cried dry, regarded my fame as a funeral, and urged snacks. The water is connected, as if the trees on both sides of the river extend into the endless distance, and the dark clouds with rain buried half the mountain. Throughout the ages, there are more than a thousand kinds of annoying things. Is it only parting that makes people sad and gathering that makes people smile? It's not very sinister, but the journey of mankind is even more difficult.
What kind of thoughts and feelings does "floating in the air to send infinite trees, rain clouds buried in the middle of the mountain" contain?
Lyricism by borrowing scenery is a common technique in the creation of ancient poems. Here, the author wrote the scenery of "from afar, the water meets the sky, the trees are far away, and a rainy dark cloud floats over, covering most of the mountain". With its vast and low characteristics, the author expressed his feelings of farewell to friends, as well as the hardships of the journey and his worries about their future. At the same time, Rain Clouds Buries the Mountain shows a gloomy future. Candidates have also learned this method before. For example, when Li Bai bid farewell to Meng Haoran on the way to Yangzhou from the Yellow Crane Tower, he wrote a poem "When I am alone, I can only see the Yangtze River flowing in the sky", expressing similar feelings. Correspondingly, the answer to this question is: look forward to it, but don't part with it; The road is difficult and dangerous, and the concern of blessing peace; The mountain is high and the water is long, and the future is confused.
(2) directly express your chest. Borrowing scenery to express emotion is implicit, and sometimes understanding may not be in place, but it is easier to analyze the author's feelings by deducting direct expression sentences. Such as the national college entrance examination in 2007:
Read the following Song lyrics and then answer this question.
Looking at Jiangnan? Beyond the platform (1)
Su Shi
Spring is not old, and the wind is slanting. Let's see that leaving Taiwan, half the city is full of flowers in spring, and there are thousands of flowers in misty rain.
After cold food (2), I feel uncomfortable after waking up. When resting, the old friend misses the old country, new fire tries new tea, and poetry and wine tend to grow old.
Note: ① Chaorantai is located in the north of Mizhou (now Zhucheng, Shandong Province). At that time, Su Shi was a local official in Mizhou. 2 cold food, one or two days before Qingming. The old custom cold food festival does not raise fire, and the fire after the festival is called new fire.
Judging from the words "consult", "oppose" and "come", what kind of emotion do you think the author should show in his words? Please analyze it briefly.
The scenery I saw on the transcendental platform aroused the author's homesickness, but he couldn't go home, so he had to "ask for advice" after waking up, and said helplessly, "Don't tell my old friends what homesickness bothers me, let's" cook new tea with our hearts to console ourselves! Therefore, the words "consultation", "divorce" and "Qijiang" listed in the title are all words that express the author's helplessness and bitterness.
Another example is the 2007 college entrance examination Anhui volume:
Read the following words and then answer the questions.
Drunk and collapsed? Yingyong
Qing? Chen Weisong
The cold mountain is blocked, and the low wind cuts the original road. There is no such thing as blue sky in autumn. Drunk streaking, write down the paging station. Who is this man betting on to win? Old age is fierce and angry. I am still angry in my later years, because there are still many foxes and rabbits! When the dark day of the month comes, it is the time for eagles to hunt. At such a moment, I miss you very much!
Note: ① Block the seat. (2) cut the central plains road, describe the eagle swept over. Xuanju is in high spirits.
Combine the next sentence and analyze what thoughts and feelings the poet expressed.
The next paragraph of this word is mainly a straightforward sentence, "Who is that man betting on?" "When you are old, you will get angry and show off", which expresses your anger and strong feelings. "There are many idle foxes and rabbits on the earth. The moon is black and the sand is yellow, and I miss you at this moment, expressing the author's ambition to spread his wings and make contributions.
(3) Both implicit and explicit. Although this kind of problem is complicated, it is not difficult to do it well as long as you master the method. Such as the 2007 college entrance examination Hunan volume:
Read the following Song poems and complete the appreciation as required.
Wang Anshi, an ordinary person.
It is not easy for teenagers to leave, but it is a pity to meet again when they are old.
Cao Cao's cups and plates are for laughter, and the faint light is for life.
Three years of self-pity for the lake and the sea, a thousand miles in the dust and sand.
When is the later date? Sending books depends on Yan Nan signing.
Note: Chang 'an is the eldest sister of Wang Anshi (1021-1086), the wife of assistant minister of the Ministry of Industry, and her name is Jun of Chang 'an County ... This poem was written by Wang Anshi before he was sent to Liao in the fifth year of Jiayou (1060). At this time, he has not worshipped the political reform.
This poem expresses the feeling of "longing". Please appreciate how the author expresses this feeling one by one from the two couplets in the middle.
This poem uses the method of borrowing scenery to express feelings, and the neck couplet uses the method of expressing the mind directly. Analyze it separately when you understand it. In couplets, "to laugh" expresses the joy of meeting, and "to live" tells the vicissitudes of life: the two set each other off and add a layer of sadness. "Hasty cups and plates" and "dim light" create an atmosphere, in which poets are more likely to feel sad. And "sloppy" and "powerless" are clever use of reduplication. Cao Cao shows the simplicity of dining tables, but there are also some shortcomings in the party; "Faint" sets off the feelings of the characters, suggesting that it will cause other pains.
Neck couplet: "self-pity" and "re-writing" run through, and the poet takes this opportunity to express his heart and express his sorrow. The "lake and sea" have been separated for a long time, and the "dust and sand" have gone away, and they will meet again soon, and it is not a Liao country without difficulties and obstacles. The expansion of time and space deepened the sadness. "Three years" means a long time, and "Wan Li" means a long distance. Numbers are used in poetry, one vertical and one horizontal, which makes the sadness more intense.
(4) hold something to express your wishes. When the ancients wrote poems, they liked to pin their feelings on something and express their feelings by reciting it. This is called relying on things to support their aspirations. Proposers often ask candidates to analyze how the author expresses his feelings through a specific object. When answering questions, it is generally necessary to know people and discuss the world, find the similarities between the author's feelings and the entrusted things, realize the docking of people and things, and thus grasp the author's feelings. For example, the college entrance examinations in Hainan and Ningxia in 2007:
Read the following poem and complete the topic.
Xiao Zhai is that thing.
liu yi zhi
Sad piano straight, love chess because of love. If you don't use it, how can you remember the court merchants?
The older you get, the clumsier you get. Although these two things go hand in hand, there is no difference between ups and downs.
① Liu Yi: Song Huizong Xuanhe was a scholar for three years (1 12 1). He used to be the censor. According to records, he was dismissed for "taking care of Qin Gui". 2 games: refers to the chessboard.
Why does the author write piano and chess? What kind of feelings does he want to express when playing chess?
The strings and chessboard in this poem are upright and square, which is consistent with the author's own square character. My founder's personality remains unchanged, and as a result, the world is getting thinner and thinner, and everything gets in the way, leaving me alone in my den, which has nothing to do with the rise and fall of the country. The author writes about Qin and Qi, which is the expression of ambition, expressing the author's feelings about personal experience and sarcasm to the world.
2. Grasp the feelings in the poem as a whole.
The so-called overall grasp of emotion often needs to analyze and evaluate the whole poem (word), so as to sort out the feelings expressed by the author, which is more difficult than understanding the feelings of the author in a certain sentence. Candidates are required to comprehensively analyze the materials and interpret the connotation as much as possible. Such as the 2007 college entrance examination Fujian volume:
Read the following poem and then answer this question.
Wuyishan high school
Song? Xie Fangde ①
Ten years (2) returning home without dreams, independent of Qingfeng wild water industry.
At the beginning of Shan Yu, the lonely scene in heaven and earth, how many years can I experience to cultivate Mei Cheng's character?
Note: ① Xie Fangde, a native of Xinzhou (now Jiangxi) in the late Song Dynasty, fought against the Yuan Army and lived in seclusion in Fujian after the defeat. He died of hunger strike after being coerced to Yanjing. (2) Ten years, the first year of Song Deyou (1275), the poet resisted Yuan's failure and abandoned his family for the mountain. The next year, his wife and children were captured and their family was destroyed. This poem has been written for nearly ten years.
What kind of thoughts and feelings does this poem reflect?
This question requires candidates to combine not only the analysis of the whole poem, but also the background information in the notes. It can be seen from note (2) that "Dreamless Homecoming" and "Independent Breeze" in the first and second sentences express the author's loneliness and pain to the country. Three or four sentences about plum blossom image, combined with Note 1, show the poet's feelings of aloof, unyielding and self-motivated.
It can be seen that when we perceive the emotion of poetry as a whole, we should not only grasp the content of poetry, but also contact the author's life experience and background of the times, so as to know others and discuss the world. Another example is the Hubei volume of the 2007 college entrance examination:
Read the following two Tang poems and then answer this question.
Huaqing
Wu Rong
The snow in the suburbs darkened the clouds, but it dried up when it fell in this palace. The trees and eaves set each other off, and no one knows that the outside world is very cold.
Guo Huaqing Palace
Li Yue
Wang Youguang is light, and he goes out with all his clothes on. Jade chariot ascended to heaven, and only the trees in the Forbidden City can live forever.
What thoughts and feelings did the two poems express respectively?
When doing this problem, you need to learn to grasp the scenery described in the poem and analyze it. However, if candidates don't understand the relevant background of Huaqing Palace, I am afraid it is difficult to understand the author's feelings in the poem. Huaqing Palace is a palace separated from China in the Tang Dynasty. It is famous for its hot spring Tang Chi. The northern foot of Mount Li in Lintong County, Shaanxi Province. According to documents, the stone was built here by Qin Shihuang, and Tang Chi was also built in the Western Han Dynasty, Northern Wei Dynasty, Northern Zhou Dynasty and Sui Dynasty. In the 18th year of Zhenguan in Tang Dynasty (644), Emperor Taizong built a temple here and named it Tangquan Palace. Tianbao was renamed Huaqing Palace in 747. At that time, there were a series of temples around here, which was unprecedented, but after the Anshi rebellion, the emperor rarely traveled. By the end of the Tang Dynasty, it was abolished, and the Five Dynasties became Taoist temples. Knowing this background and reading these two poems again, the author's writing intention comes out. In the first poem, the cold weather outside Huaqing Palace is in sharp contrast with the green trees and eaves in the palace, and then the feudal rulers who ignore the sufferings of the people and indulge in pleasure are lashed out with the accusation that "it is cold outside and nobody knows". The second poem sings about the fact that the emperor of the Tang Dynasty enjoyed singing and dancing in Huaqing Palace and ignored state affairs, which led to the Anshi Rebellion, satirizing the rulers' extravagance, making mistakes in the country and the people, and lamenting the rise and fall of the dynasty.
3. Compare the feelings of the authors in different poems.
In addition to the overall perception, the college entrance examination can sometimes compare the similarities and differences of specific emotions in poems according to the author's mood, identity and status. This is more specific and can be divided into two categories:
(1) Compare the similarities and differences of artistic conception of the same words in different poems. Such as the 2007 college entrance examination Liaoning volume:
Read the following poem and complete the following questions.
Sitting alone in autumn night (excerpt)
Don? Wang Wei
Sitting alone is sad and white, and the autumn night sky is nearly two more.
Wild fruits in the mountains fall in the autumn rain, and insects on the grass whisper to the lights.
late night
Song? Zhou bi
The people in the virtual hall are quiet and don't smell much, sitting alone in bed facing the night light.
There is no discipline outside the door, and there is ice flowing at half peak.
There is "sitting alone" in both poems, but the author's mood is different. Try a simple analysis.
Although these two poems are all about "sitting alone", the feelings (artistic conception) expressed by the authors are different due to different writing environments. Analysis should also be combined with the whole poem for overall perception. Wang Shi wrote a sad and lonely mood. One or two sentences are about the loneliness of sitting alone and the sadness of time passing; Three or four sentences are written about the sporadic whining of plants and insects, which adds to the sadness. Zhou Shi wrote a quiet and comfortable state of mind. There are one or two sentences that people sit alone under the lamp and study hard, and they don't feel late at night; With the outdoor scenery change of "I don't know", the reader's input and concentration in reading at night are set off. Another example is the 2007 college entrance examination Jiangxi volume:
Read the following two poems and then answer this question.
See the map of Jinling at night.
Gao chan Wei Zhuang
I used to accompany the clouds to dusk, and I still accompany the sunset to the autumn sound. Who says sad painting can't be done? Draw people's hearts and pursue feelings.
There are infinite painters in the world, and a piece of sadness can't be painted. Looking at the six pictures of the Southern Dynasties, the ancient city is full of cold clouds.
Note: Gao Chan and Wei Zhuang were both poets in the late Tang Dynasty.
Both poems are about "sadness". Why is the poet sad?
These two capitals are poems about things, and the object of chanting things is Jinling, the ancient capital and bustling holy land of the Six Dynasties. "Sorrow" is mentioned in all poems, and so is the poet's feeling. Combined with the author's life background mentioned in the notes, we can know that they are all sad for the decline of the Tang Dynasty.
(2) Compare the emotions expressed by the same object in different poems. Such as the 2007 college entrance examination Chongqing volume:
Read the following two poems and then answer this question.
Begonia (Song) Su Shi cherishes Peony Flower (Tang) Bai Juyi
The east wind is full of worship, and the fragrant fog turns to the corridor. There are only two red peonies left in front of the melancholy stage. I was afraid that the flowers would fall asleep in the middle of the night, so I lit candles and put on red makeup. I think all the flowers should be blown away when the wind blows tomorrow morning. At night, I pity these weak but red flowers and take a torch to see the peony.
Note: sogou is radiant.
Su Shi's Haitang and Bai Juyi's Precious Peony Flowers are also about enjoying flowers at night. What's the difference between their feelings?
Both poems describe the scene of "viewing flowers with candles", but they express different feelings. Su Shi first wrote that the east wind blows slightly, and the begonia flowers are full of noble and beautiful luster and fragrance, which makes people feel idle and confused. At this time, the moon has turned the winding corridor and can't shine on the begonia. The poet was afraid that the flowers would fall asleep in the middle of the night, and he would be even more lonely. He lit bright lights and candles to look after clusters of red begonia and expressed the author's love for the blooming begonia. But white poetry is unique among countless poems that cherish flowers. People don't know how to cherish until the flowers fall. Although this poem is abnormal, when the flowers are in full bloom, it reminds me of the day when the red flowers wither and the fragrance disappears. With the fresh idea of sparks, it shows infinite pity for the peony and expresses the deep affection that the years have passed and the youth is hard to stay.
(b) Discrimination in creative technologies
The imagery and lyricism of poetry should be expressed by various artistic techniques, and some common artistic techniques should be known. Poetry writing mainly uses narrative, descriptive, argumentative and lyric, among which descriptive and lyric are the focus of the college entrance examination. Lyrics can be divided into direct lyricism (direct expression of mind); Indirect lyricism (borrowing scenery to express feelings, supporting things to express feelings, and blending scenes). Description methods mainly include dynamic and static combination, virtual and real combination, point and surface combination, light and shade combination, positive and negative combination, sound and emotion combination, rough drawing, meticulous painting and so on. In addition, the common expressions in poetry creation are Fu, Bi and Xing. Restrain change, elaborate description, symbolic association, etc. This year's national college entrance examination poetry appreciation mainly examines the expression:
1, fill in the blanks
This is the simplest question type in the examination of poetry expression techniques, which requires candidates to be familiar with all kinds of commonly used poetry expression techniques and have certain ability to distinguish and judge. Such as the 2007 college entrance examination Beijing volume:
Read the following poem and complete the topic.
Fried food (1)
Pick slugs, pick thin words. Pick slugs, there are three fine words.
Choose slugs and give a short speech. Pick slugs and smooth them with fine print.
Pick slugs and make some comments. Pick slugs, thin words, ⑦.
Note: ① Selected from the Book of Songs? Nan Zhou, a folk song sung by women while picking wild vegetables. Octopus: Plantago (grass name), edible.
(2) The word "Bo He": both of them are auxiliary words and have no practical significance. 3 is: get it. 4 pull: pick and choose.
⑤ Touch: Hold it one by one. ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑥ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ 93 1
The Book of Songs uses the techniques of fu, comparison and xing. The techniques used in this poem are.
The common expressions in The Book of Songs are Fu, Bi and Xing. Fu is an elaborate narrative; Comparison is a kind of analogy. For example, in Storytelling, storytelling is used to describe an insatiable ruler. Xing means "talk about this first, then talk about other things to arouse the words to be sung" (Zhu Xiyu). For example, Peacock Flying Southeast leads to the love story of Liu Lanzhi and Jiao Zhongqing. This poem describes the labor scene of ancient women picking crickets, and uses verbs such as "pick", "have", "shun", "receive" and "sing" to make the scene vivid. Obviously, this is an elaborate narrative, so the answer to this question is "Fu".
2. Distinguishing poems.
That is, extract a sentence from the poem and let the candidates distinguish its expression and function. The key to discrimination is "discrimination", that is, to be good at judgment; The second is "analysis", that is, to learn to buckle poetry analysis. It should be considered in combination with the requirements of the topic, such as the Jiangsu volume of the 2007 college entrance examination (see the poem above):
What is the expression "floating in the air to send infinite trees, rain clouds buried in the middle of the mountain"?
This sentence describes the scene after seeing a friend off, which contains feelings of farewell and concern for friends. Therefore, we use the common expressive technique of borrowing scenery and expressing emotion in ancient poems. The topic is not for analysis, just identify it. Another example is the Shandong volume of the 2007 college entrance examination:
Read the following poem and answer the questions:
Through customs
Xu Lan
With the mountain overlooking the ancient border state sea, the shadow wind turned to see the garrison building.
Peach blossom after the horse, snow before the horse, can't go back after customs?
Note: ① Guan refers to Juyongguan. ②(pèI), using a standard.
What is the artistic feature of the sentence "Peach blossom after the horse, snow before the horse"? Please analyze it briefly.
This topic should not only identify the characteristics of poetry techniques, but also analyze them. The poem "Peach Blossom before the Horse and Snow after the Horse" skillfully connects "Peach Blossom" and "Snow" with "Horse", adopts metonymy, replaces the warm and beautiful life in hometown with peach blossom, and replaces the cold life outside the Great Wall with "Snow", and gathers the two scenes of peach blossom inside the customs and snow outside the customs on the node of Ma Zhao, vividly contrasting and expressing the author's homesickness.
3. Image writing analysis.
The so-called analysis of the written image is to ask the candidates to analyze the poetry in what way to highlight the characteristics of the written image, such as the Anhui volume of the college entrance examination in 2007 (see the poem above):
What expression was used to write eagle in the first movie of this word? Please analyze it briefly.
This poem is entitled "Ode to the Eagle", which shows that the eagle is the image praised by the author in the poem. Generally speaking, there are two ways to describe and draw images in poetry: front description and side description. The front description is easy to grasp, and the side description usually highlights the characteristics of the object by contrast and contrast. The first film of this word is not all about eagles directly, but about cold mountains, the earth and the autumn sky, which provides a specific place for eagles' activities. Obviously, the author used the technique of contrast here, with the cold mountain standing on the wall, the empty earth and the clear autumn sky, to contrast the image of the eagle fearless and ambitious.
4. Analyze the lyric way.
Generally speaking, there are two ways of lyric poetry: direct lyric poetry and indirect lyric poetry. Analysis of lyric poetry is also a common content in the college entrance examination poetry appreciation questions, such as the Chongqing volume of the college entrance examination in 2007 (see the poem above):
What are the characteristics of the begonia described in the first two sentences of Su Shi's poem Begonia? What skills are used to express emotions in the last two sentences?
The last two sentences of Su Shi's poem "Begonia" express the author's love for flowers, because he was afraid that flowers would fall asleep in the middle of the night, so he lit a high candle and took red makeup. The poet compares flowers to people by indirect lyricism and personification. The poet was afraid that the flowers would fall asleep in the middle of the night and feel lonelier, so he lit bright lights and candles and looked after clusters of red begonia. Thus indirectly expressing people's love for begonia flowers.
5. Compare the similarities and differences of techniques.
Proposers sometimes write more than two poems, so that candidates can analyze the similarities and differences of their expressions, which is more difficult than finding expressions in one poem. Candidates are required to have an eye, seek differences in similarities and seek common ground in differences. Such as the 2007 college entrance examination Hubei volume (see the poem above):
These two poems describe Huaqing Palace in different periods. Please point out which one of the same expressions is mainly used in the two poems and briefly explain it.
This question seeks common ground in different ways. Ask the candidates what expressions they have used. After reading the whole poem carefully, it is not difficult to see that contrast (or contrast and contrast) is used. The first poem compares the palace with the palace (or space): it is snowy and cloudy outside the palace, and it is extremely cold; The trees in the palace are shady and warm as spring. The second song compares the past and the present (or time): the past, dressed well, singing and dancing peacefully; Nowadays, the bushes are overgrown and the palace is desolate.
Just now, we investigated the aspects of seeking common ground while reserving differences. Now let's take a look at the topic of seeking differences in similarities, such as the 2007 college entrance examination Zhejiang volume:
Read the following three works and then answer the questions.
Wu Yixiang (Tang) Liu Yuxi
There are some weeds blooming by the Suzaku Bridge, and there is only sunset at the corner of Wuyi Lane. Swallows under the eaves of Wang Dao and Xie An have now flown into the homes of ordinary people.
Full Moon (Golden) Wookiee (1)
In the Southern Dynasties, it was an eternal sadness or a backyard flower. In the past, Xie Wang, the swallow in front of the hall, flew to whose house? Suddenly a dream, the fairy muscle wins the snow, and there are piles of crows in the palace. Jiangzhou Sima, a tearful shirt, is the end of the world.
[Lv Zhong] Alpine sheep? Yan (Yuan) Zhao
Come to the spring party, go to the autumn party (2), and move cold and heat every year. Muttering, busy grabbing (3), looking for Xie Wang in the Spring Breeze Hall, the dark clothes in the alley are crooked. Xing, see more; Wu, I told you.
Note: ① After the death of the Northern Song Dynasty, Wu Ji was forced to be an official. At a banquet, I came across a woman from the imperial clan of the Song Dynasty who lived as a singer, so I created this work. (2) Spring Festival and Autumn Festival: In ancient times, sacrifices to land gods were generally held on the fifth day after beginning of spring and beginning of autumn, which was called Spring Festival and Autumn Festival. 3 robbery: anxious.
Please briefly appreciate the expressive techniques and language features of these three works.
These three poems all depict the image of swallows and highlight the theme of rise and fall. But they express their feelings in different ways. Liu Shi's contrast between the past and the present is full of emotion and profound implication, which embodies the characteristics of epic. Wu Ci's tailoring of Tang poetry expresses the hidden pain of national subjugation, gentleness and sadness, and highlights the true charm of graceful words. Zhao Qu concludes with discussion, which is full of rise and fall, lively and straightforward, and has a strong flavor of Sanqu.
(3) Examine the content of poetry
Poetry is often expressed by describing things, portraying characters (narrative poems) or scenery, describing images (lyric poems), reciting historical facts and explaining opinions (reasoning poems). The carrier of poetry expressing meaning is the content of poetry. Grasping the content of poetry has become a common knowledge point in the college entrance examination. The main types of questions to examine the content of poetry are:
1, describe the picture in the poem, that is, describe the picture in the poem in general in your own language, such as the Beijing volume of the 2007 college entrance examination (see the poem above):
The predecessors read this poem and said that "nature gives birth to its weather." What kind of scene did you see when reading this poem? Please give a general description.
The so-called "scenery" refers to the synthesis of people, things, things and scenery in the works. Women, Picking, Slug and the protagonist express their cheerful mood through singing. The so-called "general description", that is, synthesizing the above basic information, constitutes the answer to this question: women are singing while picking wild vegetables in the field, and there is a cheerful labor scene.
Another way is to generalize poetic images in the direction of change, that is, to make subheadings, such as the Sichuan volume of the 2007 college entrance examination:
Read the following song poem and then answer this question:
Ge Xiyi Wang Anshi
The moon is faint and leaking, and the autumn bed is illuminated by Yi Deng.
Feel the wind and dew early when you are sick, and I don't know how long the mountains and rivers are.
I feel generous when I am old, but I feel sad when I look at the world.
Cicada is even more confusing to pedestrians' ears, holding semi-yellow sparse tung leaves.
The first verse of this poem depicts a picture. Please give this painting a subtitle.
We should know the main content of the picture first, and then make a summary on this basis. In this poem, the time-autumn (autumn bed) night (the moon is missing, and the moon is leaking), the place-inn, the scenery-Yi Deng shines on the autumn bed, expressing the sleepless night of the protagonist. From this, we can get the answer: sleepless map of autumn night in the post station.
2. Understand the connotation of poetry.
That is, according to the material of the poem, combined with the poet's feelings, read the meaning of the poem, such as the Jiangsu volume of the college entrance examination in 2007 (see the poem above):
The title of this word is "Give away". What are the two new ideas written in the next film?
This question requires candidates to answer the new ideas described in the next film, not only to describe the picture, but also to answer the feelings expressed. There are two meanings here: "There are thousands of hatreds in the past and present, so how can we just be on and off?" It means don't treat parting (meeting) as the only sad (happy) thing in the world. "Jiangtou is not a storm, there is no hard road in the world!" It means that the storms in the world are far more sinister than the storms on the road.
3. Understand the scene in the poem
We should not only grasp the scenery in the poem, but also understand the feelings expressed by the scenery. Such as the 2007 college entrance examination Tianjin volume:
Read the following poem and answer the questions.
Huang Shi Yan LV Xuan
Ming? Gao qi
Lush streams and trees are dark, while decadent rivers are wet.
After the rain, the curtains were opened, and soon spring came in.
Note: Weeds are overgrown.
What kind of scene does Spring Break Out show?
This question examines the understanding of the content of poetry. When answering questions, it is generally necessary to describe the scene it depicts and point out the feelings it contains. A: It shows the strength of spring, the face and the joy of the author. Similar poems include Ceng Gongliang's "You can watch the silver mountains and waves, open the window to enlarge the river" and Wang Anshi's "One water protects the field, and two mountains line up to send green". I hope students pay attention to accumulation.
Another example is the 2007 Shanghai College Entrance Examination:
Read the following Song Ci and complete the topic.
Ruan Langgui? Su Shi in Early Summer
Green locust, high willow, swallows, new cicadas, the wind first enters the string. The blue screen window sank into the water and the smoke sank, and the sound of chess scared me to sleep during the day.
After a light rain, the lotus turned over and the pomegranate flowers burned. Jade basin hand tanchun, Zhu Qiong broken and round.
Draw a sentence in the work and write an appreciation article from the perspective of situational relationship in combination with the next paragraph.
To appreciate the topic of scene blending, the most important thing is to find out what the author wrote and expressed. Having made this clear, we can grasp the main points of grading. Key points of the answer: The author describes in detail the splash (on the lotus leaf) with metaphor, and the water drops are round and crystal clear, which truly shows the protagonist's light and happy mood.
Step 4 Compare the scenes in the poem
The proposer chooses more than two poems, so that the candidates can compare the similarities and differences of the scenery. Such as the 2007 college entrance examination Liaoning volume (see the poem above):
Night scenes are written in both poems, but they are different. Please specify.
Wang Shi wrote "Autumn Night", describing the phenomenon of fruit falling in the mountains and insects ringing in front of the lights; Zhou's poem is about "Spring Night" and describes the first stop, where the waning moon hangs on the mountain and the stream turns into ice. Wang's poems describe dynamic scenery, while Zhou's poems describe static scenery.
Another example is the 2007 college entrance examination Jiangxi volume (see the poem above):
One of the two poets said, "You can't paint with sadness", and the other said, "Who says you can't paint with sadness?" . Please make a brief analysis of this in poetry.
The thoughts and feelings expressed in these two poems are the same, but they are described from the same angle, that is, through different pictures. By looking at Jinling in the evening, the author of Gao Shi gives birth to a sense of sadness from images such as sunset and autumn sound. The poet thinks that this kind of deep sadness can't be painted by painters all over the world. The author of Wei Shi believes that the painter's use of images such as "Old Wood" and "Leng Yun" is enough to show his sadness about the decline of state affairs, so it is sad to paint.
5, summarize the characteristics of the object
Candidates are required to summarize the characteristics of the object according to the description in the poem, which is different from summarizing the picture, but refining the picture and revealing its connotation. Such as the 2007 college entrance examination Chongqing volume (see the poem above):
What are the characteristics of the begonia described in the first two sentences of Su Shi's poem Begonia?
The first two sentences of Su Shi's poems describe that the begonia flowers are radiant and fragrant, highlighting the hazy beauty of begonia flowers in the spring breeze and moonlight. The former is the description of the picture, while the "hazy beauty" is the refinement of the picture.
6. Analyze the relationship between pictures.
That is, to examine the internal relationship between pictures, which is the most difficult problem in the process of examining the content of poetry. It embodies the requirements of the new curriculum concept for inquiry ability. For example, the college entrance examinations in Hainan and Ningxia in 2007 (see the poem above):
What role does the second couplet of poetry play in the meaning of the first couplet? Please analyze it briefly.
This problem needs to analyze the internal relationship between the two couplets of metrical poems. First of all, we must understand the respective contents of couplets. This is an impromptu lyric poem, which explains why the author of the first couplet loves Qin and chess-the string is straight and the chess is square. There is no need to compete with chess, and you can't remember five notes with strings. This will raise the love of the first couplet to a pure and selfless realm.