I know this question! The meaning of this poem is: When you are proud of life, you should enjoy the joy to the fullest, and don't let the golden cup face the bright moon empty without wine.
Source: "Jinjinjiu" by Li Bai of the Tang Dynasty
Original text:
If you don't see it, the water of the Yellow River will come up from the sky and rush to the sea never to return.
Don’t you see, the bright mirror in the high hall has sad white hair, and it looks like blue silk in the morning and turns to snow in the evening.
If you are proud of life, you must have all the fun, and don’t let the golden bottle stand empty against the moon.
I am born with talents that will be useful, and I will come back after all my money has been spent.
It is fun to cook sheep and slaughter cattle, and you will have to drink three hundred cups at a time.
Master Cen, Dan Qiusheng, is about to drink wine, but don’t stop drinking.
A song with you, please listen to me. (Listen with an open ear, Part 1: Listen with an open ear)
Bells, drums, food and jade are not expensive, but I hope I will stay drunk and not wake up. (Not expensive enough. One work: Why is it expensive? Not willing to wake up. One work: Never wake up again.)
In ancient times, the sages were all lonely, but only the drinkers left their names. (Ancient: Since ancient times; Wei Tong: Wei)
In the old days, King Chen had a banquet and had a lot of fun and banquets.
What does the master mean when you have less money? It is up to you to sell it.
The five-flowered horse and the golden fur will be exchanged for fine wine, and we will sell the eternal sorrow with you.
Translation:
Didn’t you see it? The water of the Yellow River seems to be pouring from the sky, and the waves roll straight into the sea and never flow back.
Haven’t you seen that white hair in the high hall, facing the mirror, lamenting deeply? My hair was still black in the morning but turned like snow in the evening.
When you are happy in life, you should enjoy the joy to the fullest, and don't let the golden cup face the bright moon empty without wine.
God has created my talents, so they must be useful. Even if I spend a thousand taels of gold, I can get it again.
We cook sheep and slaughter cows for fun, and drinking three hundred cups at once is not too much.
Cen Xun, Yuan Danqiu, drink quickly, don’t stop.
I will sing you a song, please listen to me carefully.
The luxurious life of delicacies from mountains and seas is not precious. I just hope to live in a dream without waking up.
Since ancient times, sages have been ignored by the world. Only those who know how to drink can leave a good reputation.
Chen Wang Cao Zhi held a banquet and was optimistic, drinking expensive wine and having fun.
Why did the owner say there was not much money? Just use the money to buy wine and drink together.
The precious five-flowered horses and expensive leather coats are all exchanged for fine wine by the waiter. Let us work together to eliminate this endless sorrow!
Notes:
The wine will be served: a song to encourage drinking, which is an old Yuefu title.
General (qiāng): Please.
Don’t you see me: a compliment commonly used in Yuefu.
Come from the sky: The Yellow River originates from Qinghai, so it is called because of the extremely high terrain there.
Gaotang: the main hall of the house. One said it refers to parents. One is "bedside".
Qingsi: means soft black hair. One is "Qingyun".
Chengxue: One work is "like snow".
Satisfied and happy.
Golden bottle (zūn): an ancient Chinese wine vessel.
Hui Xu: It should be right.
Master Cen: Cen Xun.
Dan Qiu Sheng: Yuan Dan Qiu. Both of them are Li Bai's friends.
The cup will not stop: One work is "The king will not stop".
Yujun: For you, for you. Jun refers to Cen and Yuan.
Listen with an open ear: one means "listen with an open ear".
Bells and drums: musical instruments used by wealthy families to play music at banquets.
禔(zhuàn) jade: describes food as exquisite as jade.
Unwilling to wake up: There are also versions of "no need to wake up" or "no more waking up".
Chen Wang: refers to Chen Si Wang Cao Zhi.
Pingle: Observe the name. Outside the west gate of Luoyang, it was an entertainment place for the rich and distinguished people of the Han Dynasty.
Host: Refers to the person who entertained Li Bai, Yuan Danqiu.
恣(zì): indulge one’s will.
Jie (xuè): play. Talk about less money: One work is "Speak about less money".
Jingxu: Just do it. Buy: buy.
Five-flowered horse: refers to a precious horse. One says that the hair color is five-pattern, and the other says that the long hair on the neck is trimmed into five petals.
Qiu (qiú): leather clothing.
Er: You. Pin: same as "eliminate".
Creative background:
There are different opinions about the writing time of this poem. Yu Xianhao's "Collection of Li Bai" believes that this poem was written around the 24th year of Kaiyuan (736 AD). Huang Xigui's "Catalog of Li Taibai's Collected Poems" was published in the 11th year of Tianbao (752). It is generally believed that this was written when Li Baibai left Beijing during the Bao period, roamed the Liang and Song Dynasties, and met his friends Cen Xun and Yuan Danqiu.
In the early years of Emperor Xuanzong's Tianbao reign, Li Bai was recommended by the Taoist Wu Yun and recruited to Beijing by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, who ordered Li Bai to be enshrined in the Imperial Academy. Soon, due to the slander of the powerful, Li Bai was expelled from the capital in the third year of Tianbao (744), and Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty granted him gold and released him. After that, Li Bai wandered around the Jianghuai area, feeling extremely depressed, and once again embarked on a long journey around the mountains and rivers of his motherland. When Li Bai wrote this poem, it had been eight years since Li Bai was "gifted with gold and released" by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty.
During this period, Li Bai and his friend Cen Xun (Cen Fuzi) were invited many times to the Yingyang Mountain residence of Yuan Danqiu, another friend of Songshan Mountain. The three of them climbed high to have banquets and wine and songs. The poet was politically marginalized and beaten, and his ideals could not be realized. He often used drinking to vent the stagnation in his chest. There is no better pleasure in life than drinking with friends, and the author is at a time when he is "embracing talents for the world but not meeting them", so it is inappropriate to use wine to create poetry and express his grievances.
Appreciation:
"Jinjinjiu" was originally a melody of a Han Dynasty Yuefu short flute and cymbal song. The title means "Song to Encourage Drinking", and its content is mostly about singing and drinking. . This poem was written when the poet and his friend Cen Xun were guests at the Yingyang Mountain residence of Yuan Danqiu, another old friend of Songshan Mountain. The author was experiencing setbacks in his official career, so he used wine to write poems and express himself heartily. In this poem, Li Bai "used the topic to express his feelings", drank to relieve his sorrow, lamented that life is easy to grow old, and expressed his feelings of not being able to appreciate his talents.
This poem very vividly reflects Li Bai's unruly character: full of confidence in himself, aloof and proud, passionate and bold, "I am born with talents that must be useful", "I must be happy in life if I am proud". The whole poem is full of majestic momentum, unrestrained emotion, fluent language, and extremely contagious. Li Bai's poems about wine can very well reflect his personality, with profound ideological content and mature artistic expression. "Jianjinjiu" is his masterpiece.
The poem begins with two neatly arranged long sentences, rushing towards the reader like wind, sea and rain. "If you don't see it, the water of the Yellow River comes up from the sky and rushes to the sea never to return." Yingyang is not far from the Yellow River. You can climb up and take a closer look, so you can use it to get excited. The Yellow River has a long origin and a huge drop. It is like falling from the sky, flowing thousands of miles, and heading east to the sea. Such a magnificent phenomenon must not be visible to the naked eye. The author is imaginary and his words are exaggerated. The first sentence says that the coming of the river is irresistible; the second sentence writes that the going of the river is irresistible. It rises and falls, forming a reciprocating chanting flavor that cannot be found in short single sentences (such as "The Yellow River falls to the sky and walks to the East China Sea"). Immediately afterwards, "I don't see you, the bright mirror in the high hall has sad white hair, and the morning is like blue silk and it turns to snow at dusk." If the first two sentences are an exaggeration of the spatial category, these two sentences are an exaggeration of the time category. Lamenting that life is short, but not speaking outright, he said, "The mirror in the high hall is sad and has white hair." It is like a painting of scratching one's head and looking at the shadow, saying nothing. The whole process of life from youth to old age is described as a matter of "morning" and "twilight", and the originally short-lived things are said to be even more short-lived. It is "reverse" to the previous two sentences, which said that the originally magnificent things are even more magnificent. exaggeration. The opening chapter "uses the water of the river to never come back to illustrate the perishability of life" and "uses the great eternity of the Yellow River to illustrate the insignificance and fragility of life." This beginning can be described as extremely sad, but not delicate at all. It can be said to be a giant-like sentimentality, with thrilling artistic power. It is also caused by the sense of momentum at the beginning of the long sentence parallelism. Authors often use this method of opening chapters, such as "Those who abandon me will not be able to keep yesterday's day; those who mess up my heart will be troubled today" ("Xuancheng Xie Tiao Lou Farewell School Secretary Shu Yun"), Shen Deqian said : "This style comes from Taibai's heart", which shows that he is quite creative. This poem contains the cry "You are missing" (generally Yuefu poems are only occasionally used at the beginning or end of the chapter), which greatly increases the emotional color of the poem. The so-called big opening and big closing, this can be said to be a big opening.
"To be happy in life, you must have all the fun." This seems to be an idea that promotes carpe diem, but it is just a phenomenon. Has the poet ever been "proud"? "The phoenix first issued the purple mud edict, paid homage to the emperor, and ascended the imperial banquet" ("Yin of the Jade Pot") seemed to be proud; however, it was just an illusion. "Playing the sword and singing with bitter sounds, dragging the train to the king's door is not sympathetic" ("The Road is Difficult, Part 2") does not seem to be proud, but rather disappointing and indignant, but it is not depressed. The poet then affirmed life and himself in an optimistic and strong tone: "I am born with talents that will be useful." This is a good sentence that makes people applaud and praise. "Useful" and "must", very confident, almost like a declaration of human value, and the "I" of this person needs to be capitalized. As a result, the seemingly negative phenomenon revealed a deep-seated positive attitude of being unappreciated and eager to join the world. It is precisely "there will be times when there are long winds and waves". We should drink and sing for such a future. What does it mean to spend money!
"A thousand pieces of gold will be lost and it will come back again!" This is another astonishing sentence with a high degree of confidence. It can drive money without being driven by money. This is enough to make all ordinary people stunned. The poem is like the person it was, and I think of the poet who "traveled eastward to Weiyang in less than a year and scattered more than 300,000 yuan in gold" ("History of Pei Chang of Shang'an Prefecture"), what a heroic feat it was. Therefore, this sentence is the pride deep in the bones, and it is definitely not a ten thousandth of it that can be obtained by posturing. In line with this style, the author describes a grand feast, which is by no means "one plate of food or two plates? One pot or two pots of wine?" but a whole head of "cooking sheep and slaughtering cows" ", and will never give up until he drinks "three hundred cups". What a joyful feast, and what a heroic verse! At this point, the wild feeling reaches its climax and the melody of the poem accelerates. "Master Cen, Dan Qiusheng, is about to drink wine, don't stop drinking!" Several short sentences were suddenly added, which not only made the rhythm of the poem rich in changes, but also made us seem to hear the poet frequently urging people to drink at the table. Not only did he meet his best friend in life, but he also met his rival in wine. Not only did he "get carried away with you," the poet even forgot that he was writing poetry. The poems he wrote seemed to be restored to life. He also wanted to "sing a song with you, please sing for me." Listen." The following eight lines are the song of the poem, which is purely a stroke of genius.
"Bells, drums, food and jade" refers to a wealthy life (rich people ring bells and tripods when eating, and the food is as exquisite as jade), but the poet thinks this is "not expensive enough" and boasts "I hope I will never be drunk forever." Wake up". At this point in the poem, the mood clearly changes from wild to angry. This is not only drunken spouting arrogance, but also drunken spouting the truth. Because "I" was born with useful talents, I should have been a very powerful prime minister and prospered. However, "the road is like the blue sky, and I alone cannot reach it" ("Three Poems on a Difficult Journey, Part 2"). To say that wealth is "not noble enough" is out of indignation. The following two sentences, "All the sages in ancient times were lonely" are also angry words. The poet once lamented, "Who is allowed to care about Ge Jing?" He said that the ancients were "lonely", but in fact they also showed their own "loneliness", so they were willing to stay drunk forever. Here, the poet uses the ancient wine cup to pour his own wine. When it comes to "only the drinker leaves his name", he cited the "King of Chen" Cao Zhi as a representative. He also adapted the sentence from his "Famous Capital Chapter": "When you return, you will have a feast, and you will fight with ten thousand fine wines." There have been many drunkards in ancient times, so why he chose "King Chen" is inseparable from Li Bai's always pretentiousness. The people he set as role models were high-ranking figures such as Xie An, and among such figures, "King Chen" Cao Zhi More associated with wine. Writing this way gives it an air of style, consistent with the extremely confident tone of the previous article. Furthermore, the "King of Chen" Cao Zhi was highly jealous during the two dynasties of Cao Pi and Cao Rui, and it was difficult to develop his ambitions, which also aroused the poet's sympathy. The first mention of "ancient sages" and the second mention of "Chen King" Cao Zhi are full of injustice. At first, this poem seems to only involve feelings about life, without any political overtones. In fact, the whole poem is full of profound sorrow and anger and belief in oneself. The reason why poetry is sad but not sad, and sad but strong, is the root of this.
As soon as he showed his deep feelings, he started talking about wine again, and he seemed to be even more excited about it. The following poems are wild again, and getting more and more wild. "Master, why do you say so little money?" not only echoes the sentence "All the gold is gone", but also pretends to be ups and downs, leading to the last heroic words: Even if all the gold is gone, he will not hesitate to give up the precious treasure "five-flowered horse" (a horse with five-patterned fur). Good horses) and "qianjinqiu" (expensive fur coats) are exchanged for fine wine, hoping to get drunk and then rest. The beauty of this ending lies not only in the loud tone of "hu'er" and "you'er"; it also has a kind of arbitrary attitude that the author may not be aware of at the moment. It should be noted that the poet is just a guest invited by his friends to drink. At this moment, he is sitting on a high table, pointing angrily, and proposing to pawn a fur for a horse. It makes people wonder who the "master" is, and it is very romantic. A quick word can only come from a bold and informal way of making decisions. The poetry is so wild that it makes people sigh and sing, and they want to "dance with their hands and dance with their feet." The emotion is still lingering, the poem has come to an end, and suddenly another sentence bursts out: "I will sell the eternal sorrow with you", which is closely related to the "sadness" at the beginning, and the meaning of "eternal sorrow" is even deeper. The ending of "white clouds disappear from the sky and disappear with the wind" shows the poet's torrent of emotions. Looking at the whole article, there are really ups and downs, and it would be impossible to do it without a huge pen.
"Jiangjinjiu" is not long in length, but it has many five tones and an extraordinary atmosphere. The writing is full of ink, the emotions are extremely sad and angry and the writing is wild, and the language is extremely bold and calm. The whole poem has the momentum and power to shock ancient and modern times. This is indeed related to the exaggeration technique. For example, the poem frequently uses huge numbers ("a thousand pieces of gold", "three hundred cups", "ten thousand cups of wine", "a thousand pieces of gold", "eternal"). "Sorrow", etc.) expresses heroic poetry without giving people a sense of hollowness and exaggeration. The root of this lies in its rich and deep inner feelings, the turbulent emotions of anger hidden under the drinking conversation. In addition, the whole article has great ups and downs, and the poetic mood suddenly changes from sadness to joy, to wildness, to anger, then to wildness, and finally ends in "eternal sorrow". In response to the beginning of the chapter, it is like a rushing river, with momentum and excitement. It twists and turns, twists and turns vertically and horizontally, and can carry the cauldron with its strength. His songs include the writing method of the song, as well as the uncanny craftsmanship and the beauty of "breaking the path of pen and ink", which cannot be learned by engraving, nor can it be achieved by others. The whole article is mainly composed of seven characters, but is "broken" by three or five character sentences, which are extremely inconsistent; the poems are mainly composed of prose, and are also touched by short antitheses (such as "Master Cen, Dan Qiu Sheng" , "Five-flowered Horse, Thousand-Gold Fur"), the rhythm is fast and changing, unrestrained but not sloppy. "Tang Shi Bie Cai" says that "those who read Li's poems in the majestic and rapid way, and get the spirit of profoundness and elegance, are the faces of the relegated immortals." This article is worthy of it.
About the author:
Li Bai (701-762), also known as Taibai, also known as Qinglian Jushi, also known as "Exiled Immortal", was a great romantic poet in the Tang Dynasty. Later generations hailed him as the "Immortal of Poetry", and together with Du Fu, he was called "Li Du". In order to distinguish him from the other two poets Li Shangyin and Du Mu, known as "Little Li Du", Du Fu and Li Bai were also collectively called "Big Li Du". According to the "New Book of Tang", Li Bai was the ninth grandson of Emperor Xingsheng (King Li Hao of Liangwuzhao) and had the same ancestry as the kings of Li and Tang. He is cheerful and generous, loves drinking, writing poetry, and making friends. Li Bai was deeply influenced by Huang Lao Liezhuang's thoughts. The Collection of Li Taibai has been handed down from generation to generation. Most of his poems were written when he was drunk. His representative works include "Looking at Lushan Waterfall", "The Road is Difficult", "The Road to Shu is Difficult", "About Entering the Wine" and "Mingtang". "Fu", "Early Departure from Baidi City" and many other poems.