Huma is a famous horse with a thin front edge. Its ears are as sharp as a slice of bamboo, and it runs like a four wind, as if the hoof is not trodden. The horse galloped up, never in a open way, and rode it all at ease, daring to roam the battlefield, even to live and die. It is a good horse that is so fast and fast, and can live up to life. it can make a crime for the country. Fang Bing Cao Huma Poems Translation and Annotations
This horse of Fang Bing Cao is a famous horse from Dawan country, and its lean bones and muscles stand out like a blade. Its ears are as sharp as inclined bamboo chips, and it runs like a hoof without practice. This horse gallops, never embarrassed by the width and distance of the road. Riding it can safely and boldly gallop on the battlefield, and even entrust life and death. Having such a good horse that is so fast and can live and die, it can really run thousands of miles away and make contributions to the country.
Note 1 Bing Cao: The provincial name of Bing Cao's participation in the army means that he was a small official in charge of the defense of the government and the army, the post transmission and so on in the Tang Dynasty. Fang Bing Cao, whose name is unknown. Hu: This refers to the Western Regions. 2 yuān: the name of the Western Regions in Han Dynasty, which is located in present-day Uzbekistan and is rich in good horses. Dawanming: the famous Dawanma. 3 front edge: sharp edges and corners. Describe the horse's strength and strength. 4 bamboo batch: describe the horse's ear tip as a bamboo tip. Jun: Sharp. "Harsh ears" is one of the characteristics of a good horse. 5 Kan: Yes, you can. Entrust the dead to live: horses are trustworthy and guarantee human life. 6 Xiao (xiāo) Teng: galloping. Appreciation of Fang Bing Cao Huma's Poems
This is a poem that praises things and expresses aspirations. Du Fu was good at riding horses and loved horses, and wrote many poems about horses. The style of this poem is super vigorous and vigorous, which reflects the enterprising spirit of young Du Fu.
The poem is divided into two parts. The first four sentences are written on the front, but they are written in real words. The poet, like a brilliant Dan Qing hand, painted us a "Huma" with vivid pen. It comes from Dawan (the name of the western regions in the Han Dynasty, known for producing "bloody horses"), and it is naturally extraordinary compared with Kyle. Then, the image of the horse was depicted. In the Catalogue of Ancient Paintings by Sheikh in the Southern Qi Dynasty, six methods were put forward, the first being "vivid charm" and the second being "writing with a pen", which was put forward as the primary condition for vivid charm. The so-called "bone method" is to write the demeanor and temperament of the object. Du Fu wrote about the bones of horses: rugged and towering, like a sharp edge, sketching a majestic outline. Then write horse ears as sharp as a knife and axe, which is also a feature of a good horse. At this point, the horse's majesty has jumped to the page, and we seem to see its gray-gray jet and eagerness to try. It is very natural to write about its majestic posture of flying hooves and fierce Mercedes-Benz. The verbs "approve" and "enter" are extremely vivid. The former writes with straight ears, which has a forceful force; The latter does not write four hooves to generate wind, but writes that wind enters four hooves, which has a unique charm. According to the rider's feeling, when he is flying fast, it seems that the horse is motionless, the scenery on both sides flashes rapidly, and the wind roared in between his hooves. The poet's description is meticulous and vivid. In the rhythm of "221", the last word of each sentence is highlighted in the couplet: "Jun" describes the horse's spirit and "Light" describes its galloping, which shows the poet's ingenuity. In this part, the style of the horse is described by a large number of sketches, and unnecessary details are omitted, only its bone appearance, ears and Mercedes-Benz posture are written, because these three can best reflect the characteristics of the horse. As Zhang Yanyuan said in his comment on painting, "The pen is only one or two, and it looks like it has been done. When you are away from painting, you will see the lack of it. Although it is not well written, it is also meaningful. "Famous Paintings of Past Dynasties" This is the so-called "freehand brushwork".
The first four sentences of the poem describe the dynamic appearance of the horse, and the last four sentences turn to describe the horse's character, and by using imaginary writing techniques, it turns from praising things to expressing feelings. Neck couplets come from galloping horses, writing about it galloping freely, crossing the capital, and having an infinite world of activities; Its ability to overcome all obstacles is enough to make people trust. It seems that writing horses here is actually writing people, which is actually the image of a loyal friend, a brave soldier and a chivalrous hero. At first, the tail couplet summarized the horse with "Xiao Teng has such a way", and at last, it said: "Wan Li can run wild", which contains endless expectations and ambitions and develops the artistic conception very far-reaching. This couplet is not only well received, but also open. It is not only about horses galloping in Wan Li, but also about expecting Fang Bing Cao to make contributions to the country, and it is also a portrayal of the poet's own ambition. In the prosperous Tang Dynasty, the national strength was strong and the territory was developed, which aroused people's lofty sentiments. Scholars and scholars were eager to make contributions to Wan Li. It is indeed the most appropriate for this vigorous spirit to be expressed by a fine horse. This is really different from Du Fu's showing his concern for the country through his compassion for the sick horse in the later period.
The Preface to Painting Mountains and Rivers by Zong Bing, a Song Dynasty poet in the Southern Dynasties, holds that the idea of "free spirit" can be achieved through expressive writing. If an artistic image can't be "smooth", that is, convey the author's feelings, then no matter how cool it is, it is lifeless. Du Fu's poem combines objects and lyricism naturally and seamlessly. Writing about horses also describes people, and writing about people is inseparable from writing about horses. On the one hand, this gives horses a living soul, and the spirit of employing people further makes them live; On the other hand, people have the character of horses, and people's emotions have also been vividly expressed. The predecessors said that "chanting poems about things is the most difficult task, and if it is too relevant, it will stick to the belt, and if it is irrelevant, it will catch the wind and catch the shadows." Qian Yong's "Walking in the Garden and Talking about Poetry" asked Du Fu to do this. Fang Bing Cao Huma's Poetry Creation Background
This poem was written in the 28th year (74) or 29th year (741) of the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, when Du Fu was in Luoyang, just when the poet was wandering in Qi and Zhao, flying eagle and lackeys, and Qiu Ma was frivolous. Poetry: Fang Bing Cao Huma Poetry Author: Classification of Du Fu's poems in Tang Dynasty: chanting things and expressing aspirations