In order to facilitate memory and praise, the ancients also compiled the twenty-four solar terms into songs, poems and couplets. 1. Solar terms, ballads and proverbs, poetry couplets 1.1. Ballad: "Spring rain shocks the clear valley sky in spring, summer is full of awns and summer heat is connected; autumn is exposed, autumn is cold and frost falls, winter is snowy and winter is cold ("cold and cold" or "cold gets colder"). The dates of the two festivals are fixed each month, with a maximum difference of one or two days. The first half of the year is June 21st, and the second half of the year is August 23rd." Or it is said: "Spring rain shocks the spring, clears the valley, summer is full of awns, and summer is full of heat; autumn is dew, and autumn is cold and frost falls. The first half of the year is June 21st, and the second half of the year is August 23rd. The dates of the two festivals are determined by one or two days at most. "1.2. Twenty-Four Solar Terms Song (1) Beginning of Spring with Plum Blossoms. The outside is gorgeous, the red apricot flowers are blooming after the rain, the thunder is reported in the reed forest, the butterflies dance among the flowers at the Spring Equinox, the kites are flying with broken strings during the Qingming Festival, and the tender tea leaves are connected with emerald green during the Grain Rain. In the Beginning of Summer, mulberry fruits look like cherries, Xiaoman raises silkworms and farms, and jade seedlings are planted in front of the courtyard. In the summer solstice, the rice flowers are like white prunes. The mild summer breeze makes the beans ripen early, and the red lotus flowers are admired by the pond in the great summer. The cicadas at the beginning of autumn are lulling people to sleep, the sunflowers are smiling at the end of the summer, the white dew swallows are returning and the geese are coming, the garden is filled with the fragrance of osmanthus at the autumn equinox, the fields are green with cold dew seedlings, and the sky is filled with reed flowers after frost. The beginning of winter heralds good news and presents three auspicious signs. Light snowflakes fly in the goose feathers, heavy snowfall and cold plum blossoms blow in the wind. Auspicious snow on the winter solstice heralds a good harvest. Travelers in the minor cold period return home homesick, and they celebrate reunions at the end of the year in the severe cold period. (2) The plum trees in the West Garden are in full bloom at the beginning of spring, and the sky is shining brightly and the rain is falling continuously. At the first awakening of insects, carp jump in the river, and butterflies dream among the flowers at the spring equinox. It is good to fly kites during the Qingming Festival, and it is good to raise silkworms in the west wing during Grain Rain. The peonies are in bloom at the beginning of summer, and hostas are scattered all over the courtyard. Across the stream, there is a fisherman's house in Mangzhong, and the farmland is cultivated during the summer solstice. In Xiaoshu, I am wearing a white Luo shirt. Looking at the river, I am sleeping in the wind during Dashu. The sunflowers bloom at the beginning of autumn, and I listen to the late cicadas in the west tower during the summer heat. The emerald garden is covered with white dew, and the laurel moon shines in the sky at the autumnal equinox. The cold dew on the dry mountains frightens the swan geese, and the frost falls on the reeds and the red polygonum beach. At the beginning of winter, I drank in Qilin Pavilion, embroidered under the snow and chanted poems. It's snowing in the secluded area, the red stove is warm, and I'm too lazy to play the pipa during the winter solstice. Xiao Han is lying high in Handan dreaming, holding snow floating in the sky to meet the great cold. (3) There are two festivals in January, each lasting fifteen days. The weather is warm at the beginning of spring, and the rain and manure are gone. The ground is raked quickly when the insects wake up, and the plows are busy during the spring equinox. Plant more trees during Qingming Festival, and farm during Grain Rain. In the Beginning of Summer, we plant melons and beans, but Xiaoman doesn’t plant cotton. The awns are planted to harvest new wheat, and the fields are plowed at the summer solstice. Minor summer heat is not considered hot, while severe summer heat is dog days. Plant cabbage at the beginning of autumn and pick new cotton at the end of summer. Dates are harvested during the white dew, and wheat fields are planted during the autumn equinox. After the cold dew has been harvested, frost has turned the ground. At the beginning of winter, the vegetables are finished and the light snow is plowed. The snowy days have become cold, and the winter solstice changes to long days. Xiaohan hurry up and buy, Dahan celebrates the New Year. 3. The agricultural song of the twenty-four solar terms, the Beginning of Spring: six or nine crops are planted at the beginning of spring, spring sowing preparations start early, the year's plan starts in spring, and agricultural production reaches high levels. Rain: Rain in spring is as precious as oil. Rake and harrow to prevent moisture loss. Accumulate more fertilizer and harvest more grain. Select the best seeds to achieve a good harvest. Jingzhe: In Jingzhe, the sky warms and the earth opens up, hibernating insects wake up, winter wheat is suppressed to protect moisture, and the fields are plowed to plant spring wheat. Vernal Equinox: The spring equinox brings more wind and less rain. The land thaws and spring tides arise. The rice fields are leveled and plowed for drying early, and the winter wheat turns green and is watered. Qingming Festival: The grass is green at the beginning of Qingming Spring, which is a good time to plant melons and beans, plant trees and plant sugar beets, and choose good rice seedlings. Grain Rain: Grain rain and snow have stopped but frost has not stopped, don’t delay sowing grains, house swallows have returned with water flowing from their heads, and branches from nurseries have been cultivated in orchards. Beginning of Summer: In Beginning of Summer, the wheat seedlings are getting taller and taller. The flat fields should be prepared to plant rice seedlings. Moisture should be preserved by cultivating and weeding, and the greenhouses should be well managed to prevent wind. Xiaoman: Xiaoman is mild and full of spring. It prevents aphids and wheat straw flies. Topdressing in rice fields promotes the division of evil. Fleece shearing protects against cold wind. Ear Grain: Ear Grain is less rainy and hotter, corn seedlings are thinned and planted, buckwheat is planted with moisture, and rice fields are plowed and weeded frequently. Summer Solstice: During the summer solstice, there will be severe hailstorms. We must clear out the bad ones and select good ones. The hail will be eliminated and rain will increase, with dry and hot winds. Corn topdressing will prevent armyworms. Xiaoshu: Xiaoshu enters the dog days of summer. Longkou competes for food and time. Rice is plowed and soil is cultivated. Rain and fire prevention must not be idle. Great Heat: During the Great Heat, heavy rains increase. Plant autumn vegetables again to prevent floods. Rice blast is predicted. Seedlings should be protected in deep water to prevent low temperatures. Beginning of Autumn: It is the beginning of autumn when rain begins. Early prevention and treatment of corn borer is required. The soil should be plowed deeply to turn it into gold. In the nursery, buds can be grafted and tree cores can be picked. End of summer: The end of summer brings out the beauty of autumn. Beets should be irrigated with water, grains and vegetables should be managed diligently in the later stages, and winter wheat should be prepared for planting and fertilizing. Bailu: Bailu is cold at night and hot during the day. It is a good time to sow winter wheat, harvest sunflowers in the rice fields, and pick early-ripening apples. Autumn Equinox: Autumn Equinox: Autumn rainy days gradually cool down, rice yellow and fragrant fruits are busy in autumn harvest, grains are milled and threshed, and public grain is handed over. Frost prevention in mountainous areas depends on the weather. Cold Dew: In the cold dew, the grass dries up and the geese fly south. The potatoes and beets are being collected in a hurry. The radish and cabbage are good. The straw is returned to the fields for autumn fertilization. Frost's fall: Frost's fall brings ice and frost, so we must seize the opportunity to store up moisture in autumn, fill winter water when the frost is gone, thresh grain and dry grain to build granaries. Beginning of Winter: At the beginning of winter, the ground freeze disappears during the day, sheep and livestock pens are repaired, fields are prepared and channels are built, and farmland construction reaches a climax. Light snow: The snow is beginning to fall on the lightly snowed ground. The saplings and grapes are buried as soon as possible. The winter leaves are used to accumulate fertilizer. The crops are running wild without fertilizer. Heavy snow: Heavy snow and waxy snow herald a good harvest, diversified operations will create high yields, raking will ensure good moisture, and more fertilizer will be accumulated to find sources of fertilizer. Winter Solstice: There are nine days of severe cold in the Winter Solstice. Sheep and livestock must be protected from the cold. It is important to attend night technical schools. Increased production and harvests rely on scientific research. Osamu: Osamu enters the third and ninth days, and celebrates New Year's Day with a bumper harvest and prosperity. Ji Ji participates in training classes and constantly sums up new experiences.
Dahan: Although the Dahan is cold, farmers are happy and can’t praise enough the policies to enrich the people. They will continue to work on production contracting and celebrate the new year happily