Poetry is an elegant literary miracle produced by human spiritual labor; Wine is the essence of human material production. In China, since ancient times, poetry and wine have been intertwined and formed an indissoluble bond, thus forming a unique "China poetry and wine culture" in China.
In the long development of China culture, poetry appeared with literature, while other literary styles were still in the embryonic stage, and poetry stood out in people's spiritual labor. Poetry is a literary style that summarizes life, condenses language, condenses true feelings, has rich connotation and beautiful melody. She beats for the pulse of the times and is the most sensitive tentacle in people's spiritual world. Generally speaking, poetry is a symbol of human civilization. In the field of human spirit, culture and art, she made extensive and far-reaching explorations in philosophy, morality, literature and aesthetics, from which she condensed the true meaning of poetry.
Poetry in a broad sense is regarded as the supreme aesthetic synonym. For example, when it comes to ancient splendid culture, it is generally called poetry; When it comes to the glorious history of every nation and country, it is called epic. By extension, praise the mountains and rivers in nature, so that things, realms, languages, morals and sentiments are all crowned with poetry.
Wine is an organic compound. Sugar-containing substances are converted into alcohol under the action of enzymes, and then blended with other substances to become various fragrant wines. Nature keeps running, and a certain substance naturally produces wine because weather conditions such as temperature, humidity and light are suitable for the evolution law. In China, there was a legend of "ape brewing wine" in his early years. Coincidentally, there is also a legend of birds making wine in France. This proves that wine exists in the material world of nature, and wine appears because various conditions meet the inevitability. Inspired by the laws of nature, it is natural for human beings to discover wine and then consciously brew it.
With regard to the appearance of wine in China, the earliest recorded words are "making wine in different places" and "making wine in Du Kang". Judging from the historical era, Yi Di came first, and it is said that she was the daughter of Shun, contemporary with Yu, while Du Kang was in the Spring and Autumn Period after the Western Zhou Dynasty. However, Neolithic wine vessels with simple shapes, such as bottles, cans, cups and rafts, have been unearthed in Longshan Cultural Site in China. Among the pottery unearthed from banpo village site in Xi 'an, we found the "one yuan" pottery pot in Oracle Bone Inscriptions and inscriptions on bronze, which is about 7000 years ago. A large number of bottles, cans, cups, bowls and other pottery for holding wine have also been unearthed at Dawenkou site in Shandong Province. This proves that as early as 4,000 years ago in the Yidi era, China not only had wine and wine vessels, but also drank extensively.
Since ancient times, in China, poetry and wine have been mixed together. Ancient emperors sacrificed mountains and rivers, ancestors, and held court ceremonies, and they all toasted and recited poems; In the Tang Dynasty, reciting the poem "Luming Literature" when drinking after having obtained the provincial examination was called "Ming Road Banquet". From the court to the folk, wine and poetry are not only the needs of people's material life, but also the needs of people's spiritual life.
In ancient times, drinking and reciting poems were very polite. From the Book of Songs? In the article "The Banquet at the Beginning of a Guest", there is a saying: "Drinking is a good way to make a gift" (drinking is a beautiful enjoyment, and elegant manners should be maintained).
Throughout the ages, during the formation of China's poetry and wine culture, many stories that have been told to this day have emerged. In Wei and Jin Dynasties, Cao Cao's "Drinking is a song, life geometry" and "Du Kang is the only solution" became a well-known sentence. Half of the poems written by Tao Yuanming, a poet in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, are about wine, for example, "Try to think about all kinds of feelings and forget the sky".
In the Tang Dynasty, poetry flourished and poets were addicted to alcohol. Li Bai, a poet, was the first representative figure, among which "One Hundred Poems of Li Bai Fighting for Wine" became a famous sentence of blending poetry and wine. Du Fu, who was hungry for wine, vividly described Li Bai in Drinking and Songs of the Eight Immortals. This is a portrait of many poets: "Li Bai had hundreds of poems about fighting for wine, and went to sleep in a restaurant in Chang 'an, but the son of heaven called him out of the boat and called himself Brewmaster". The poet sang in "Into the Wine": "Oh, let a man with spirit take risks where he likes, and don't point his golden cup at the moon! "; In "Drinking asking for the moon", I sang "I only want to be a song for wine, and the moonlight shines on the golden urn". Du Fu's wine songs are famous all over the world. He, Meng Haoran, Wang Changling, Bai Juyi, Liu Yuxi, Yuan Zhen, Li Shangyin and Pi Rixiu. From the drunkenness of poets and the prosperity of poetry in the Tang Dynasty, we can see the grand occasion of the blending of poetry and wine.
Bai Juyi's masterpiece Pipa Xing was written when he was slightly drunk. Coincidentally, Su Dongpo, a poet of the Northern Song Dynasty, was drinking in Mizhou (now Zhucheng) in Shandong during the Mid-Autumn Festival. When he was slightly drunk, he was full of poetry and wrote a heroic and sad song "Water Tone": "When will there be a bright moon? Asking for wine from the sky ... people have joys and sorrows, and the moon is full of ups and downs. This is an old and difficult thing. I hope that people will last for a long time and thousands of miles will be beautiful. "
Lu You, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, once chanted with emotion: "After drinking for half a year at the age of 100, my career is slightly poetic." China is a country that yearns for ancient culture. We can get a glimpse from the historical materials left by the sea of poetry and wine. The author and Comrade Ai Qing discussed the formation of poetic wine culture with unique characteristics in China. From a historical point of view, the formation of poetry and the appearance of wine are combined, and the brilliant spark of poetry and wine impact has been shining on the long scroll of poetry and wine culture.
China poetry and wine culture has gradually developed into an independent cultural system. Throughout the development history of poetry and wine culture, drunken poetry is beautiful and drunk; Poetry is popular with wine, and wine is fragrant with poetry. Poetry and wine set each other off into interest, forming a splendid civilization landscape.
Ai Qing, a poet, compared the blending of poetry and wine to "the marriage between poetry and wine goes back to ancient times".
The poet He Jingzhi praised the blending of poetry and wine as "poetry is like wine, and wine is like poetry".
Lv Yuan, a poet, extended the meaning of poetry and wine to the other side, saying that "poetry is wine in water, and wine is poetry in the text".
From ancient times to the present, the anecdotes about the blending and marriage of poetry and wine are widely known, which have been handed down as stories, enriching and beautifying people's emotional world.