Words on Burial of Flowers
When the flowers fade and the flowers fly all over the sky, who will pity them when the red color disappears and the fragrance disappears?
The soft hairspring is tied to the floating spring pavilion, and the fallen catkins lightly touch the embroidered curtain.
The daughter in the boudoir cherishes the twilight of spring, full of melancholy and has no place to release it;
Peeling the flowers out of the embroidered curtain with her hands, she endures stepping on the fallen flowers to come and go.
The willow silk and elm pods will bloom from time to time, regardless of the peach blossoms and Li Fei;
The peaches and plums will bloom again next year. Who will be in the boudoir next year?
The fragrant nest has been built in March, and the swallows in the beams are too ruthless.
Although I can peck at the flowers next year, I won’t be able to leave my nest empty.
Three hundred and sixty days a year, the wind, the sword, the frost, the sword are facing each other;
How long can the bright and beautiful beauty last, it is hard to find it once it is wandering.
The flowers are easy to see but hard to find when they are gone, and the flowers are buried in sorrow in front of the steps;
Leaning alone on the flowers, tears are secretly sprinkled on the empty branches, and traces of blood can be seen on the empty branches.
The cuckoo is speechless. It is dusk, and the man with the hoe returns to cover the heavy door;
The green lantern shines on the wall, and the man is sleeping for the first time, while the cold rain knocks on the window and the quilt is not warm.
What happened to the strange slave? Half pity for spring and half annoyed for spring:
Pity for spring comes and goes, and I am annoyed and go away, and I don’t hear it when it comes and goes without saying anything.
Last night a sad song was heard outside the court, do you know it was the soul of a flower or a bird?
The soul of a flower is hard to retain, and the soul of a bird is hard to retain. The bird is speechless and the flower is ashamed;
May I grow wings under my wings and fly with the flowers to the end of the sky.
Where is the fragrant hill at the end of the sky?
It is not like a brocade bag to collect beautiful bones, but a handful of pure soil to cover the wind;
The essence is originally clean and comes and goes clean, it is better than the filth sinking into the ditch.
You will be buried after you die now. I wonder when you will be buried.
The people who are buried with flowers today are laughing like idiots. Who do you know who was buried next year?
Just look at the spring flowers gradually falling, which is the time when the beauty will die of old age;
Once the spring is gone, the beauty will grow old, the flowers will fall and the people will die without knowing it!
Some people say "Without Lin Daiyu, there would be no "Dream of Red Mansions"". I think "Without "The Burial Flowers", there would be no Lin Daiyu." The author Cao Xueqin used "The Burial of Flowers" to create the artistic image of Daiyu's sorrow and tearfulness, and to express her sentimental and sentimental character. Daiyu lamented her sad and helpless life and destiny through "The Burial of Flowers". Daiyu herself is a tragedy. The opening chapter of "Dream of Red Mansions" mentions that she came to shed tears. Although she is a rich young lady, her parents are dead and she has to live under someone else’s roof. Although he lived a life of fine clothing and fine food, he could not satisfy his pursuit of spiritual life. The bustling life in the Grand View Garden could not give her fundamental emotional comfort, and even though Baoyu had a heart-to-heart relationship, she still had no confidence or confidence in the future, and felt confused and at a loss... "The Burial of Flowers" was sung by Lin Daiyu in the late spring when the flowers were withering. , using flowers as a metaphor for people, to express their full melancholy and indescribable grief and indignation. (1) When the flowers fade and the flowers fly all over the sky, who will pity them when the red flowers disappear and the fragrance disappears? The soft hairspring ties the floating spring pavilion, and the fallen catkins lightly stick to the embroidered curtains. ——Anxiety about death and feelings of disillusionment with life. (2) Willow silk and elm pods are fragrant, regardless of peach blossoms and Li Fei. ——Contains resentment against the harshness of the world and the warmth and coldness of human relationships. (3) Three hundred and sixty days a year, the wind, the sword, the frost, the sword force each other. ——An indictment of the cruel reality that has long persecuted her. (4) I wish Nong would grow wings and follow the flowers to the end of the sky. Where is the fragrant hill at the end of the sky? It is not like a brocade bag to collect the beautiful bones, but a cup of pure soil to cover the romantic flow. It is better to come and go clean than to be trapped in filthy ditches. ——When you dream about freedom and happiness but cannot get it, you show an arrogant character that is unwilling to be humiliated and tainted, and unwilling to bow your head and surrender. (5) The person who buries flowers today laughs like crazy. Who will he bury next year? ——Anxiety about fate and death, and finally expressed the emotion of "the flowers have fallen and the people have died without knowing it". "The Burial of Flowers" uses rich and peculiar imagination, dim and desolate pictures, and strong and sad mood to show Daiyu's sentimental character, inner conflicts and pain, subtle and complex psychological activities, and express her life. The complex struggle with death, love and hate is an experience of anxiety about one's own existence and a feeling of confusion about life. The flower is personified, used as a metaphor for people, and the fate of the flower is closely connected with the fate of people. It effectively accuses the evil forces of nature that destroy flowers and the dark social forces that strangle people. He writes flowers clearly and people realistically, integrating the characters' experiences, fate, thoughts, and emotions into the depiction of scenery and objects, creating an artistic conception with rich connotations, vivid images, and strong artistic appeal. The whole poem is a true portrayal of Lin Daiyu's life philosophy and life value.
Original text of the poem
The autumn flowers are pale, the autumn grass is yellow, and the autumn lights are somber and the autumn nights are long. I already feel that the autumn window will never end, how desolate it is to be helped by wind and rain! How soon will the autumn wind and rain come? The autumn window is broken and the autumn dream is green. I can't bear to fall asleep in my embrace of autumn, and I move my tears to the autumn screen. The candle of tears shakes the short straw, and the worry and sorrow illuminate the separation of feelings. Whose autumn courtyard has no wind? Where is the autumn window without the sound of rain? The quilt cannot resist the force of the autumn wind, and the sound of leaks makes the autumn rain rush. The pulse beats again even at night, and someone seems to be weeping in front of the lamp. The small courtyard in the cold smoke has turned into a depression, and the sparse bamboos drip from the empty windows. I don’t know when the wind and rain will stop, but my tears have wet the window screen.
Poetry Translation
In autumn, the flowers and plants wither, and the dim lights make the autumn nights seem even longer. I already feel that there are endless autumn colors outside the window, how can I bear the wind and rain in autumn, which makes autumn more desolate. The autumn wind and rain came so quickly, shattering the green in the dream. Unable to sleep with the sentimentality of autumn, I moved the tearful candle toward the screen.
The swaying candle flame lit the short-handled lampstand, triggering the emotions of sorrow and separation. Whose courtyard does not have the intrusion of autumn wind, and whose autumn window has no sound of rain? The silk quilt could not withstand the power of the autumn wind, and as the autumn night came to an end, the sound of rain began to fall more rapidly. The continuous autumn rain all night is like crying with someone who is about to leave. The courtyard is even more depressing under the autumn rain and fog, and there are drops of water dripping from time to time on the sparse bamboo leaves in front of the window. I don’t know when the wind and rain will stop, my tears have already wet the window screen.
Full text of the poem
The east wind is soft outside the peach blossom curtain, and the morning makeup is lazy inside the peach blossom curtain.
There are peach blossoms outside the curtain and people inside the curtain. People and peach blossoms are not far apart.
The east wind deliberately lifts the curtains, and the flowers want to peek at people without rolling up the curtains.
The peach blossom curtain is still open, but the person inside the curtain is thinner than the peach blossom.
Flowers understand and pity people, flowers are also sad, and the wind blows through the news behind the curtain.
The wind blows through the curtains, and the garden is filled with flowers. The spring scenery in front of the court is doubly sad.
The door of the moss courtyard is empty, and people rely on the railings in the setting sun.
The man leaning on the railing weeps to the east wind, and the red skirt stands quietly beside the peach blossom.
The peach blossoms and leaves are in chaos, and the new flowers are blooming and the red leaves are green.
Ten thousand trees are covered in mist and smoke, and the walls of the drying building are red and blurry.
Heaven's secret burns the mandarin duck brocade, and I move my pillow when I am ready to wake up in spring.
The maid’s golden basin is filled with water, and the shadow of the fragrant spring is cold when dipped in rouge!
The bright color of rouge is similar to the color of flowers, the color of human tears.
If you compare human tears to peach blossoms, the tears will grow long and the flowers will flatter themselves.
When you look at flowers with teary eyes, your tears dry easily. When the tears dry up, the flowers will fade away in spring.
The haggard flowers cover the haggard people, and the flowers fly to the dusk when people are tired.
With the sound of Du Yuchun passing away, the lonely curtain is pierced by the moon marks in the sky!
Annotation and translation
This sentence "The east wind is soft outside the peach blossom curtain" is the inversion of "The peach blossom outside the curtain is soft in the east wind". Curtain: A device made of cloth, bamboo, reed, etc. to cover doors and windows. Dongfeng: spring breeze. The east wind is soft, that is, the spring breeze blows slowly, softly and softly. 〖The peach blossom curtain is lazy in morning makeup〗 This sentence is the inversion of "the peach blossom curtain is lazy in morning makeup". Peach blossom refers to people, that is, Daiyu herself. Lazy morning makeup: In the morning, you are not in the mood to dress up due to the lack of spring. [People and peach blossoms are not far apart] That is, people and peach blossoms are not far apart. Separation: interval, distance. Li Bai's poem "Jiang Xing Yuan": "The strong wind knows the sail, and the sunset is thousands of miles away." [The east wind deliberately lifts the curtain] The spring breeze is like the corner of the curtain deliberately lifted. 栊: The lattice wood on the window or the window. Curtains are door curtains or curtains. [The flower wants to see people but the curtain is not rolled up] The peach blossom wants to see the person behind the curtain, but the curtain is not rolled up, so she cannot see clearly. Peep: to watch. "Still" also means "still consistent", that is, doing things as usual. "The Analects of Confucius·Advanced": "It's still consistent, so why? Why change it." The sentence outside the Peach Blossom Curtain: The peach blossoms outside the curtain are still blooming beautifully. 〖Thin〗 The muscles are not plump, which means sick and sad. [Flowers understand and pity people, and flowers also feel sad] If a flower can understand how to sympathize with people, it will also feel sad. Solution: Understand, know. "Message across the curtain" refers to the mutual pity between the peach blossom outside the curtain and the girl behind the curtain. Message: message. The news behind the curtain is only delivered by the spring breeze. "The spring scenery in front of the court makes people doubly sad" This sentence means that seeing the spring scenery in front of the court makes people doubly sad. Injury: sadness. Sadness is a feeling of sadness. 〖Lose Moss Courtyard〗The courtyard is covered with desolate moss. 〖Axi skirt secretly stands next to the peach blossom〗 Wearing a red dress, she stood quietly against the peach tree. Qian skirt: Qian skirt, red skirt, here refers to the person wearing Qian skirt. "Collection of Poems by Li Qunyu·Huangling Temple No. 2" of the Tang Dynasty: "The sedges in front of the Huangling Temple spring, and the children of Huangling wear new clothes." Acacia is a plant whose roots can be used as red dye, here it refers to red yarn. Steal: that is, quietly. 〖The peach blossoms and peach leaves are in chaos〗The east wind blows the peach blossoms and leaves scattering. One after another: messy appearance. 〖The flowers are blooming and the leaves are green.〗The flowers have just turned red and the leaves have turned green. Bloom: The flowers are full and open. Yu Xin of the Northern Zhou Dynasty wrote a poem in "The Collection of Yuzi Mountain: Apricot Blossom": "The fields are full of spring, and the branches are green." The leaves are green: the peach leaves are green in color. [Ten Thousand Trees Wrapped in Fog] Thousands of peach trees were in full bloom, looking like they were wrapped in a red smoke. Cheng Gao originally changed the word "mist-wrapped" to "tree-tree", and the phrase "ten thousand trees are covered with smoke" is quite idiosyncratic. Fog and smoke: When the peach blossoms are in full bloom, they seem to be shrouded in a hazy layer of smoke. [Henglou Zhaobi] The fiery red color of peach blossoms is reflected on the pavilions and walls, or the peach blossoms are very red, making the buildings and walls very beautiful. Because peach blossoms are as bright as fire, the words "bake" and "zhao" are used. [Tianji burns the mandarin duck brocade] Tianji: the loom of the Weaver Girl in the sky. Yuanyang Brocade: Silk fabric with mandarin duck patterns. Legend has it that there are fairies in the sky weaving cloud brocade with heavenly machines. This means that peach blossoms are like red brocade burning and falling to the ground. "Shao" and "Yuanyang (a symbol of good omen)" both appear in red. 〖Move the red coral pillow when you are about to wake up in the spring〗 If you have a long dream of spring and are about to wake up from sleep, move the red coral pillow, which means you can't bear to wake up in the morning. Spring is in full swing: Spring dream is in full swing. It is also said that drunkenness is used as a metaphor for red color. Coral pillow: Coral pillow, that is, a pillow made of coral, or the word was used because of Zhang Xian's poem "Coral pillow warms people's first drunkenness". 〖Golden Basin〗 refers to the copper basin. 〖The shadow of the fragrant spring is cold when dipped in rouge〗 My hands were hidden in the fragrant spring water, and I felt a little cold. Xiangquan Shadow Dip: The shadow of the face is reflected in the cool spring water. Shadow dipping: that is, dipping with shadow, refers to washing the face. "Shadow", Cheng Gaoben mistakenly meant "drink". Cui, the wife of Lu Shichen in the Northern Qi Dynasty, was talented and learned. In the spring, she washed her son's face with peach blossoms mixed with snow, and said: "Take red flowers, take white snow, and wash your face with your son to make it shine; take white snow, take red flowers, and wash your face with your son to make it beautiful."
"It is later said that washing your face with peach blossom and snow water can make your appearance beautiful. Rouge: here refers to the face painted with rouge. [What is similar] What is similar to it, or is it similar to something? [The color of flowers, human tears] 〗 Following the meaning of the previous sentence, what is the similarity between bright red rouge? The meaning of the whole sentence is: the red color of the flower is like the blood and tears of sorrowful people. Human tears are as red as rouge, which means that they are tears of blood from Concubine Yang. When you are chosen to enter the palace and say goodbye to your parents, your crying face will shed tears. [If you compare the tears of a person to a peach blossom, the tears will flow naturally and make the flower beautiful] If you compare the blood and tears of a sad person to a flower, the tears will always flow, and the peach blossoms will always flow. Bright. 〖When tears dry up, spring flowers fade away〗When tears dry up, the beauty of spring fades away, and the flowers wither. haggard: thin and languid, also generally refers to torture and hardship. Qu Yuan's "The Fisherman": "The color is haggard, describing witheredness." . 〖Cover〗Cover, Han Yu's poem "Western Mountain" in the Tang Dynasty: "In order to cover my eyes to the west, I am too lazy to look back." "Gaunt and haggard flower sentence: withered flowers cover the face of melancholy people. "Flowers are tired and easy to dusk" petals fall, people are also tired, dusk is coming quickly. "Du Yu" is the cuckoo bird, also called Zigui. In the past, there was "cuckoo" It is said that the ancient Shu king was named Du Yu, also known as Wangdi. After his death, his soul turned into this bird with a sad cry. It was also said that its cry was very similar to saying "it's better to go back", so later generations called it cuckoo. "Thirteen Prefectures Chronicles": "When the seven kingdoms were crowned kings, Du Yu was the only one to be crowned emperor in Shu... Emperor Wang made the emperor use turtles to chisel the Wushan Mountains to control the floods. Emperor Wang believed that he had little virtue, so he was a tribute to the country. , named Kaiming, died and became Zigui. "Zigui is the cuckoo, and is also called the master of Du. Jin Zuosi's "Ode to the Capital of Shu": "The blue is the blood of Chang Hong, and the bird is the soul of Du Yu. " 〖Lonely Curtain with Moon Traces in the Sky〗On the silent window lattice, only the light traces of the moon are left. Loneliness: Silence
Tang Duoling·Yongxu Cao Xueqin (Lin Daiyu) (from "A Dream of Red Mansions" 70 Back)
Pinks fall into the Baihua Island, and the fragrance lingers in the swallow tower. Wandering is like a person's life, and the air is lingering, and the grass and trees are also aware of sadness, and the youth is old. , Whoever gives it up will take it! No matter how you marry, you can go and stay in the flood!
〖Notes〗
1. Two sentences of "fendie" - "fendie" and "xiang". "Baihuazhou" refers to the fallen branches of catkins floating in the air; "fen" refers to the pollen of catkins. "Baihuazhou", "Yi Tongzhi of the Qing Dynasty": "Baihuazhou is on Gusu Mountain. Yao Guangxiao's poem: 'The water flows to Hengtang, and there are many flowers blocking the boat road. '" Lin Daiyu is from Suzhou, so she describes herself as "Yanzilou", which is a reference to Bai Juyi's "Three Prefaces to Yanzilou" about the Tang Dynasty woman Guan Panpan living in Yanzilou to miss her old love. Later, it was often used to refer to women's loneliness and sadness. Another poem from Su Shi's "Yong Yu Le": "The Swallow Tower is empty, where is the beauty? The swallow in the empty locked building. "So it is also used to say that a woman has died.
2. Pairs into balls - describing catkins and catkins sticking together when they touch. "Ball" is a homophone for "speed"; Qiu means spouse. This sentence It's a pun. Qi Xu and Cheng Gao's version of "pair" refers to scenery.
3. Lingering - affectionate and inseparable. The word "romantic" is used because the catkins are drifting in the wind, and it refers to talent and grace.
4. Who picks up the catkins and no one picks them up? In the preface, Cheng Gao's version of "Shi" is mistaken for "She", which means "shed" is a willow branch. If you look at it from the perspective of the situation, Baoyu has never "abandoned" Daiyu. .
5. The sentence "Married to the east wind" - also uses the Chinese saying "poor Ri Muyan" when the catkins are blown down by the east wind and leaves no one to care about in spring. The fragrance falls, and the spring breeze does not require a matchmaker when marrying" poetic meaning.
6. Bear the flood and stay - bear to watch the catkins wandering outside and not return for a long time.
〖Appreciation〗
In Lin Daiyu's sentimental poem, she not only expresses her deep sorrow for her unfortunate life experience, but also expresses her heartfelt cry of grief and indignation as she foresees that her ideal of love is about to be shattered. The whole poem contains puns. The meaning of catkins hidden in human affairs is very obvious. For example, "vegetations and trees are also aware of sorrow, and their hair turns gray in their youth." Not only does the white color of catkins compare to people who die young and old due to sorrow, it is completely consistent with Daiyu, but it is also consistent with her self-proclaimed "people of grass and trees." "A clever echo. Looking at this poem from this point of view, it is also enlightening for us to study the author's original idea of ??writing Baodai's tragedy.