The thinking of high school students generally develops from concrete thinking to abstract thinking. It is necessary to focus on cultivating students' thinking methods of analysis, synthesis, abstraction and generalization, and to form more scientific concepts and theories through abstract thinking, so as to Students develop a learning and thinking style that is diligent in using their brains and good at using their brains.
1. The essence and significance of cultivating students’ abstract thinking
1.1 The meaning of abstract thinking
Abstract thinking is thinking based on concepts, which can also be called Logical thinking includes two types of logical thinking: formal and dialectical thinking. Among them, the primary form of abstract thinking is formal logical thinking, and the advanced form is dialectical logical thinking. The primary form emphasizes opposing the self-contradiction of things, and the advanced form emphasizes reflecting the inherent contradiction of things. The thinking process and thinking form of abstract thinking determine that abstract thinking can guide human practical activities, and is a necessary thinking form to form concepts, theories, and systems of knowledge. Cultivating students' abstract thinking is to enable students to master the thinking methods of comparison, classification, abstraction, generalization, concreteness, system, deduction and induction.
1.2 Necessary requirements for cultivating students’ abstract thinking ability
Cultivating students’ abstract thinking ability is the same requirement for the Chinese subject and students’ thinking development. The prerequisite for students to learn Chinese well is Only by having good logical thinking ability and integrating logical thinking into teaching can students' thinking ability be better fundamentally improved, thereby achieving effective teaching results. In high school, students are in a stage of strong plasticity of thinking. Through the teaching of ancient poetry with logical thinking, students can better cultivate their abstract thinking ability, which is immeasurable for Chinese teaching and the formation of good personal thinking. role.
2. Cultivation of abstract thinking in the teaching of ancient poetry knowledge
2.1 Cultivation of classification skills
The recognition and memorization of knowledge must rely on systematic induction and classification, so that Only then can you remember firmly and accurately. Summarizing and classifying the knowledge of ancient poetry in high school is the basic method to master the knowledge points of ancient poetry. Ancient poetry in high school mainly includes knowledge from different aspects such as the background of the times, lyrical methods, narrative methods, etc. Students should be appropriately guided to use the classification method to learn knowledge. It is a necessary means to achieve the efficiency of ancient poetry teaching. In the study of ancient poetry, the accumulation of words and sentences is the focus of teaching, and mastering the meaning of words and sentences is the difficulty of teaching. In order to achieve the effectiveness of teaching ancient poetry, it is necessary to use classification teaching methods to help students remember the categories and meanings of words and sentences, so as to effectively Master the knowledge of words and sentences in ancient poetry. The ancient poems selected in high school Chinese courses are all excellent works that contain a lot of history and culture. From the content analysis, some are loyal to the country, some are concerned about the country and the people, some are lyrical about scenes, and some are about unfulfilled ambitions. From the subject type Analysis can be divided into bold, graceful and frontier. In the teaching of ancient poetry, we can classify and learn according to the different contents and subject types. Such classification can better allow students to classify the same type of ancient poetry. Combining, sorting, and analyzing makes it easier to memorize knowledge, and students can also strengthen their mastery of the artistic conception of ancient poetry. Cultivating students' classification skills can not only improve students' learning quality, but also exercise students' abstract thinking ability.
2.2 Using abstract methods to teach ancient poetry
The teaching knowledge of ancient poetry has not changed much in the historical evolution, but it is closely related to the modern poetry that today’s students are generally exposed to There are still certain differences. In order to realize the active learning and application of ancient poetry knowledge, concrete and abstract explanation methods should be adopted to teach students. This can break through the limitations of the brevity of ancient poetry and combine the knowledge content and historical background to better explain to students. The meaning of ancient poetry. By using the abstract method to teach ancient poetry, we can explain more imagery knowledge related to poetry to students, diversify students' thinking, and play a great role in improving students' abstract thinking ability.
3. Cultivation of abstract thinking in the full-text teaching of ancient poetry
3.1 Abstract thinking in the language of ancient poetry
The language of ancient poetry contains a large amount of historical information There is a big difference between the ancient thoughts and the modern language environment. Reasonable analysis and summary of the linguistic artistic conception of ancient poems will play a great role in cultivating students' abstract thinking ability. In teaching the language of ancient poetry, teachers should focus on allowing students to see a wider and more linguistic environment through analysis, integrate logical thinking, deepen students' understanding of ancient poetry, and at the same time achieve the goal of cultivating students' logical thinking. Ability to make students' abstract thinking more realistic and expandable.
3.2 Abstract thinking on the structure of ancient poetry
The teaching of ancient Chinese poetry will change in difficulty according to the learning stage of the students. The ancient poetry selected in the high school stage is more unique. The difficulty of teaching requires teachers to pay attention to using logical thinking to analyze the structure of ancient poetry when teaching ancient poetry, so as to understand the changes and invariances of sentence patterns and the logic of poetry structure.
Through the teaching of ancient poetry with an abstract way of thinking, the poetry can be made more organized, and the artistic conception of the poetry can be expressed in an immersive way, which deepens students' understanding and impression, so that students can be influenced by the culture of ancient poetry. Naturally, students’ abstract thinking abilities are also cultivated and exercised