The traditional view is that Li Bai's poems are "high" and Du Fu's poems are "big". Then "high" is a fight, "How does the water of the Yellow River move to the sky"; "Big" needs all rivers, "and I think the long river always rolls forward". However, whether it is "high" or "big", it needs the mind of "reaching the peak, the other mountains all appear dwarfs under the sky." and the imagination of "we are all sublimed to a distant place". The two Du Lidu have these qualities, so they both became great poets. Imagination is precisely the foundation of romanticism. No one can doubt Du Fu's imagination, so his poems naturally have romantic elements. To say the least, since it is a poem, it is impossible to be completely realistic. Even a "realistic poet", his poems must have flying spirit and imaginative imagination, which is what we usually call "romanticism". Looking through Du Fu's poems, you can see romantic sentences casually, and the phrase "putting pen to paper will make you cry" that people often mention is typical. In fact, even the realistic poem "Spring Hope" has romantic sentences, such as "the petals are like tears, and the lonely bird sings grief", which depicts a person's situation with flowers and birds, and deepens the romantic color because of its vivid personification. Just give another example-"garage shop". Car Shop is also Du Fu's masterpiece of realism and a bloody indictment of war. However, if this accusation only stays in plain expression, it will not have an artistic effect that is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, and it will lose its role. At this time, the poet's romantic thinking comes in handy. "Car rickety, Ma Xiaoxiao, each of you has a bow and an quiver on your belt. My parents, my parents, my wife and children all ran to see them. When they marched, the dust covered the sky and they couldn't see xian yangqiao. They shouted as they ran and pulled your sleeve, and their sad voices floated into the sky. " The first few sentences are all realistic, showing the tragic scene of parents and wives sending their sons away and their husbands going to war with real sketching techniques. It seems that those scenes are right in front of us. However, in "Their sad voices float to the clouds", the poet uses measured exaggeration and wide-angle lens to highlight the tragedy. Exaggeration and wide-angle lens are romantic techniques, which are no longer realistic. However, this romanticism applied to Du Fu is realism. "And their sadness is on the clouds", although the reader can't see it, it can be imagined. Therefore, the romanticism in Du Fu's works still describes reality. In other words, Du Fu will never use romanticism, but his romanticism ultimately serves the theme of realism. This is actually very rare, which requires both the artistic conception of poetry and the poet's attention to reality. In fact, this is much more difficult and meaningful than Li Bai's romanticism of escaping from reality and dreaming of becoming an immortal. The ending of "Car Shop" is also a feature of writing reality in a romantic way: "The new ghost complains that the old ghost cries the loudest in the dark sky on a stormy day." Du Fu used ghosts to describe reality, highlighting suffering and sadness.
Du Li not only traveled to famous mountains and rivers, but also left many masterpieces handed down from generation to generation. Li Bai wrote about Lushan Waterfall: "Flying down three thousands of feet, it is suspected that the Milky Way has set for nine days", which is very chic, but it just stays chic. After reading it, I don't know what this waterfall looks like; Du Fu wrote Mount Tai: "Colorful Clouds lave? My mind is free and easy, and birds fly back and forth in front of my nervous eyes. " It makes people feel heroic and immersive, and it is even more powerful: "Once you climb to the top of the mountain, you will see that other mountains are short under the sky." . Most people can't write these two sentences. If you are a guy who only knows the reality of daily necessities, there is no such realm anyway.
In addition to eulogizing the great rivers and mountains of the motherland, emotion is also an eternal theme in poetry. Although Du Fu's emotional poems are not as touching as Li Shangyin's, they are by no means lacking in romance. Even we can feel Du Fu's own romantic temperament from his emotional poems. Li Bai's emotional poems are romantic but slightly frivolous. Li Bai will ask, "You can see the bright tears on her cheeks now, but not the one she loves so much." Du Fu did not have this question, and his feelings were clear and simple: he missed his family and his wife. Of course, Du Fu also wrote "beauty", but it was flashy; And his "two offerings" directly point the finger at Yang Guifei. Compared with his "only power can be as hot as a flame and burn people's fingers", how servile is Li Bai's "famous flowers pour over the country and care for each other"? On the other hand, Du Fu's Beauty and Two Ways are not emotional poems, not at all. Du Fu's real emotional poems all miss his wife-of course, the wife in ancient Chinese includes "wife" and "son", but even so, Du Fu rarely writes his wife in his poems frequently, at least in Tang poems. Du Fu was trapped in Chang 'an. In addition to worrying about the country and the people, worrying about the family and worrying about yourself, there is also a poem "The Moon in Zhangzhou" that misses his wife and children who are far away from home. This poem is very strange. He wrote Moonlit Night from the perspective of the other party, that is, his family. This technique itself is very romantic: "In Fuzhou, far away, she is watching the moonlight and watching it alone from the window of her room". Du Fu missed his wife and put himself in her shoes. The poet even thought of his wife, "The mist is fragrant and the clouds are wet, and the jade shoulders are cold and the moon is wet." What kind of affection and love does it take to write such a sentence? In other words, what kind of romance is this? Known as the first poem of Du Fu's life, "The banks of the Yellow River were recaptured by the imperial army" also includes "Where are my wife and my son? The sadness on their faces. " . It is worth mentioning that the so-called "the first quick poem of Du Fu's life" is by no means because Meng Xiao got "horseshoe disease" because of his fame, but because the country has a great happy event. Of course, we can't deny that this happy event has a profound impact on Du Fu personally. He can finally go home, "in that green spring, I went home." But the overall background of this poem is still due to the victory of the official army. In the face of this victory, Du Fu's wife was also "however, I packed my books and poems crazily". It seems that his wife is also a like-minded person. The aforementioned sentence "On a green spring day, I went home" is so romantic.