Mr. Dongpo was demoted to true two. He made his home at the foot of Mount Luofu, and only took his youngest son, Su Guo, across the sea. In Boer, he lives in a house made of thatch and bamboo, and eats bitter vegetables and taro every day. He has no idea of a magnificent living room or exquisite food in his heart. Zi Zhan has no special hobbies on weekdays. He only visits historical and geographical works as gardens and enjoys articles as music. By this time, he had all stopped and just liked to write poems. His poems are profound and wonderful, and do not show the mental state of the elderly.
At this time, I was also demoted to Haikang. Zi Zhan wrote to me: "since ancient times, poets have written works that imitate the ancients, but no one has imitated the poems of the ancients." The pursuit of ancient poetry began with my Dongpo. There is no poet I like very much, except Tao Yuanming's poems. Tao Yuanming doesn't write many poems. His poems seem simple but gorgeous, while they seem thin but obese. Even Cao Zhi, Serina Liu, Bao Zhao, Xie Lingyun, Li Bai and Du Fu couldn't catch up with him. I have written more than 100 poems by Yuan Ming. As for those works that I am proud of, I think I am not ashamed in front of Yuan Ming. Now I'm going to compile them into a collection and copy them for delivery.
Gentlemen of the future generations, write these down for me. But what do I only like about Yuan Mingshi? Like I really have feelings for him. Yuan Ming wrote to Yan Tao and others before his death, saying, "When I was young, I lived in poverty, because my family was poor and I often ran around. I am strong-willed, smart and clumsy, and I have many conflicts with things. I estimate that if I follow my temper, I will definitely leave you a disaster. So I tried my best to quit this world and let you live a hungry and cold life from an early age. " These words just illustrate the actual situation. I really have this problem with him now. Because I didn't know this problem earlier, I have been an official for half my life, but it has brought disaster to the world. This is why I admire Yuan Ming very much and want to learn some of his strengths in my later years. "
Alas! Tao Yuanming refused to dress up to visit the villain in the village for five buckets of rice; Zi Zhan has been an official for more than 30 years, but he was put in a humiliating and difficult position by the officials in charge of the prison. In the end, he couldn't repent and fell into a huge predicament, only to remember that he had sought sustenance from Yuan Ming in his later years. Where will anyone believe it? Even so, the reasons why Zi Zhan was an official and went in and out of the imperial court and official position or rose or fell can still be studied. Gentlemen of later generations will certainly draw some lessons from it.
When I was young, there was no teacher. Zi Zhan also made some achievements in his studies when he became an adult. My late father asked me to learn from him. Zi Zhan once praised my poetry for its ancient style, but I think it is not as good as the ancients. However, since Zi Zhan relegated Huangzhou to Dongpo, his knowledge has been improving day by day, as rich and grand as a running river. Compared with Du Zimei and Li Taibai, his poems are better than theirs, so he is compared to Tao Yuanming. Although I run with him, I always fall behind him. I wrote some poems with him for his pursuit of Tao Yuanming's poems.
2. Zuo Si and Tao Yuanming's literary common sense
Zuo Si (about 250~305) was born in Linzi, Qi (now Zibo, Shandong). A famous writer in the Western Jin Dynasty, his "Sandu Fu" was praised at that time, resulting in "Luoyang paper is expensive".
Zuo Si grew up ugly but talented. During the reign of Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty, my sister Juicy Zuo was elected to the palace, and her family moved to Luoyang as a doctor. During the Jin Dynasty, Hui Di was subordinate to the powerful Jami, and was an important member of the literati group "Twenty-four Friends of Jingu". In the first year of Yongkang (300 years), he retired to Yichun to concentrate on writing because Krabi was punished. Sima Tang, the late king of Qi, was called the governor of archives, so there was no such thing. In the second year of Taian (303), he moved to Jizhou because Zhang Fang attacked Luoyang and died soon.
Tao Yuanming (about 365-427), a distinguished figure, was a private poet, writer, lyricist and essayist at the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the beginning of the Southern Song Dynasty. Han nationality, a native of Chaisang in Xunyang, Eastern Jin Dynasty (now Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province), worked as a small official for several years and then resigned and went home. Related works include Drinking, Returning to the Garden, Peach Blossom Garden, Biography of Mr. Wuliu, Ci of Xi, etc. Tao Yuanming's poetry and prose has a unique artistic style and high attainments, which has opened up a new realm for classical poetry. His works are simple and natural, which influenced the creation of Tang poetry out of true feelings.
3. About Tao Yuanming's literary knowledge
The Collection of Tao Yuanming is the first collection of literary works by scholars in the history of China literature, which is of great significance. In Preface to Tao Yuanming's Collection, Xiao Tong praised "his literary style is unique, his words are brilliant, his ups and downs are obvious, he is unique, and his cadence is like Beijing". During the Southern Dynasties, Tao Yuanming's literary position was not recognized as it should be, but his poetry and prose works were recognized. The evaluation of Tao Yuanming is getting higher and higher. Wang Ji was an idyllic poet in the early Tang Dynasty. Like Tao Yuanming, he lived in seclusion in the countryside for many times, entertaining himself with Gin. Meng Haoran, an idyllic poet in Tang Dynasty, worshipped Tao Yuanming very much. He wrote in "Going to Hannan to Send Old Beijing in Summer": He is the best Tao Zhengjun. He likes pastoral tastes too much to call himself Emperor Xi. I don't know if Su Qin has any strings, so I use Agger's towel to pour the wine. Under the breezy north window, I call myself Emperor Xi. When I arrived at chestnuts, I met my whole life. Li Bai's thought of "being able to push the eyebrows and bend over to serve the dignitaries" is in the same strain as Tao Yuanming's spirit of "fighting for rice without bending over". After the Anshi Rebellion, Du Fu lived a wandering life and regarded his inability to write poems as a regret. This means that Tao Qianjie, a poet in the middle Tang Dynasty, worships Tao Yuanming very much. In 8 15, Bai Juyi was demoted to Sima, Jiangzhou, which is close to Xunyang, Tao Yuanming's hometown. He visited Tao Yuanming's former residence and wrote the poem "Visiting Tao Gong's Former Residence". In the poem, "dust pollution does not pollute jade" was used first. There are old mountains and old waters in chestnuts. There is no chrysanthemum under the fence, and there is smoke in the open stope. Although the descendants are unknown, the clan has not moved. But if there is a Tao surname, my heart still exists. Bai Juyi wrote in Sixteen Poems of Xiao Tao's Invisible Style: Mr. Wang has been away from me for a long time, and there is a legacy of paper and ink. There is nothing else to say. I come from the boss and admire him very much. Nothing else can be achieved, and. This is inseparable from the influence of Tao Yuanming. Bai Juyi's poem makes it very clear: "There is nothing else to ask for, and the effect is drunk." In the Northern Song Dynasty, Tao Yuanming's position in the history of China literature was further consolidated and confirmed. Ouyang Xiu praised Gui Ci and said, "There is no article in Jin, only Tao Yuanming's Gui Ci. Ouyang Xiu also said: But there are no chariots and horses. Asked He Junneng, his heart is far from self-biased. " "Since the poet, there is no such sentence. However, there is a trend of glory, and between Jin and Song Dynasties, it is gone forever. " Su Dongpo said in the book with Su Zheshu, "I am not very good with poets, but there are not many poems with far-reaching brilliance, but their poems are qualitative and realistic. It's not fair. However, he summed up the artistic style of Tao poetry in eight words: "quality and reality, and wealth and reality", which is still very accurate. Su Dongpo regarded Tao Yuanming as a mentor and friend all his life. He not only loved his poems, but also admired him as a man. In his later years, he said in the book with Su Zhe: "I am deeply ashamed of my profound knowledge and want to be a teacher after studying at night." Undoubtedly, it plays a vital role in further determining Tao Yuanming's position in the history of China literature. Xin Qiji, a patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, cited Tao Yuanming as his confidant in the depression of serving the country with no door and hard will. In the poem Water, he said, "You must believe that this man is not dead, and now he is angry. "Xin Qiji left 626 poems, which were recited, written and quoted. Almost one word in 10 is related to Tao Yuanming. Xin Qiji said in Nian Nujiao: "Under the hedge of picking chrysanthemums, you must believe that they exist, and only Tao Pengze has a high love for thousands of years. "He gave Tao Yuanming the highest evaluation through the ages. Yuan Dynasty, Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty followed the lofty evaluation of Tao Yuanming in Song Dynasty until modern times. Tao Yuanming's immortal poem Tao Pengze has influenced the thoughts and creations of several generations of literati, such as Li Bai, Du Fu, Bai Juyi, Su Dongpo and Xin Qiji, and made immeasurable contributions to the development and prosperity of China literature. Tao Yuanming's poems focus on lyricism and ambition. His language, seemingly simple, is actually wonderful. In his plain and mellow poems, there are warm feelings and rich flavor of life. The scenery in Tao Yuanming's poem "Returning to the Garden and Living in Five Houses" is remarkable. After reading it, it is the king for life.
4. Read ancient poems: postscript Zi Zhan and Shi Tao, then answer this question.
Su Shi died in July (11kloc-0/) in Changzhou.
In August of the following year, in the first year of Chongning, Huang Tingjian wrote this poem to express his deep condolences to Su Shi. As the author of Bachelor of Su Men, I know Su Shi's personality of "being a teacher and a friend all his life" best.
So he started with Su Shi's Hetao Poetry and made a very incisive inscription for it. In his later years, Su Shi wrote "The Portrait of Jinshan", saying, "Ask your life's achievements, Huangzhou and Huizhou.
At the beginning of the poem Danzhou, I started with "Zi Zhan went to Lingnan", and the next sentence was followed by "Kill it when it is time", indicating the political background of being demoted.
However, Su Shi's broad-mindedness was unexpected by Zhang Dun and others. The couplets vividly outline the image that Su Shi doesn't care about relegation. "Eating Huizhou rice" contains the meanings of "adding rice hard" and "staying in the green hills", which shows Su Shi's indomitable will to fate.
With the theme of "Harmony Poetry and Tao Yuanming", he spoke highly of Su Shi's poetic taste and personality interest, and thought that he admired Tao Yuanming not only in poetic artistic style, but also in personality interest, which revealed the profound connotation of Su Shi and Tao's poems. The Neck Couplet further expressed this meaning, saying that both Tao Yuanming and Su Shi have been admired for thousands of years. After thousands of years, only Su Shi is the true meaning of Tao Yuanming's confidant.
Even in the end, although two people, one from birth and the other from WTO, have refined interests and noble character, they are all the same. The language of the whole poem is as clear as words, but its charm is deep and intriguing.
If you change your name, from Zizhan to Dongpo, from Yuanming to Pengze; The words "full", "harmonious", "thousand years old", "eternal life", "although" and "nai" are accurate and vivid.