Literary knowledge in Chinese language for the second grade of junior high school 2007-11-2 9:06:44 People's Education Press eighth-grade Chinese language (Part 1) Literary knowledge 1 "Two pieces of news" ("One million troops of the People's Liberation Army crossing the Yangtze River" Selected from "People's Daily", "Our Army in the Central Plains Liberated Nanyang" is selected from "Northeast Daily"). The author Mao Zedong was a great revolutionist, militarist, thinker, writer, calligrapher, and founder of New China. 2. "Luhuadang" is selected from "Collected Works of Sun Li". The author Sun Li, formerly known as Sun Shuxun, is a modern novelist and essayist. The novels and prose collections include "Lotus Lake" and "Luhuadang". 3. "Candle" is selected from "Reading and Appreciation". The author Simonov is a former Soviet writer. His representative works include the script "A Boy in My City" and the novels "Days and Nights", "Friends and Enemies", etc. "A Boy in Our City", "Days and Nights", and "Russians" all won Stalin Prizes. 4. "Letter to Captain Butler on the British-French Allied Forces Expedition to China" is selected from "The Collected Works of Victor Hugo". Author Hugo, French writer. His representative works include the novels "Notre Dame de Paris", "Les Misérables", "1993", etc. 5. "Dear Mom and Dad" is selected from "People's Daily". The author Nie Hualing is a Chinese-born beauty writer. Her works include the novel collection "The Lost Golden Bell", "Sangqing and Peach Red", "A Thousand Mountains Away, the River Flows", and the essay collections "Thirty Years Later" and "Dream Valley Collection". Sartre (1905-1980) French philosopher, writer, and critic. He is the author of philosophical works such as "Existence and Nothingness", etc. 6. "Ah Chang and "The Classic of Mountains and Seas"" is selected from "Morning Blossoms Plucked at Dusk". The author Lu Xun, whose original name was Zhou Shuren and whose courtesy name was Hencai, was a great modern writer, thinker and revolutionist. One of the founders of China's New Culture Movement, he published China's first vernacular novel "A Madman's Diary". His works cover a wide range of subjects, are rich in content, and come in various forms. Whether they are prose, poetry, essays, novels or literary theory, they all have high achievements. The highest achievement is in essays. His works include the novel collections "Scream", "Wandering", " "New Stories", prose collection "Morning Blossoms Plucked at Dusk", prose poetry collection "Wild Grass", essay collections "Er Heart Collection", "Ji Ji Collection", "Collected Works of Qie Jie Ting", etc., all were later collected in "The Complete Works of Lu Xun" . 7. "Back View" is selected from "The Complete Works of Zhu Ziqing's Prose". The author Zhu Ziqing, whose original name is Zihua, also named Peixian and nicknamed Qiushi, was born in Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province. Essayist, poet, scholar. The collection of poems and essays "Traces", whose representative works include "Back View" and "Miscellaneous Notes on Travels in Europe" are collected in "The Complete Works of Zhu Ziqing". 8. "Stairs" is selected from the novel collection "Stairs". Author Li Senxiang. 9. "Lao Wang" is selected from "Yang Jiang Prose". The author Yang Jiang, formerly known as Yang Jikang, is a writer and literary translator. His translations include "Don Quixote" and "The Bath". Qian Zhongshu is a modern literature researcher, writer, literary historian, and classical literature researcher. The work "Besieged City" 10 "Letter" is selected from "Autumn Rain Prose". The author Yu Qiuyu is from Yuyao, Zhejiang. His works include "Cultural Journey", "Notes on Mountain Dwelling", "Frost-Cold River", etc., which were later collected in "Autumn Rain Prose". "Letter" comes from "Cultural Journey". 11. "China's Stone Arch Bridge" is selected from "People's Daily". The author Mao Yisheng, courtesy name Tangchen, was born in Zhenjiang, Jiangsu. Chinese bridge scientist and educator. He presided over the construction of the Qiantang River highway and railway bridge. He is the author of "China's Ancient Bridges and New Bridges" etc. 12. "The Beauty of the Bridge" is selected from "Wu Guanzhong's Life Sketch". The author Wu Guanzhong, a native of Yixing City, Jiangsu Province, is a painter, art educator and essayist who has great influence in the contemporary world painting circle. 13. "Suzhou Gardens" is selected from "Encyclopedia Knowledge". The author Ye Shengtao, whose original name was Shaojun, also had the courtesy name Shengtao. A native of Suzhou, Jiangsu. Famous modern author, educator, and editor. His representative works include the novel "Ni Huanzhi", the short and medium-sized novel "Collecting Three or Five Dou Too Much", the fairy tale "Scarecrow", "Stone Statues of Ancient Heroes", etc., all of which were later collected in "The Collection of Ye Shengtao". 14. "The Palace Museum" is selected from "Geographic Knowledge". Author Huang Chuanti. 15. "Speaking of "Screen"" is selected from "Chen Congzhou's Prose". The author Chen Congzhou, a native of Hangzhou, Zhejiang, is an expert in ancient architecture and gardens. He is the author of "Shuo Yuan" and so on. 16. "The Language of Nature" is adapted from Zhu Kezhen's article "A Fruitful Science - Phenology" in the first issue of "Science Popular" in 1963. The author Zhu Kezhen is from Shangyu, Zhejiang. Meteorologist, geographer. 17. "Wonderful Cloning" is selected from "Middle School Technology". The author talks about Jiazhen. 18. "Two Short Essays by Asimov" is selected from "New Frontier", translated by Meng Qingren. The author Asimov is a famous American popular science writer and science fiction novelist. 19. Mei Tao, author of "Biological Invaders". 20. "You Will Definitely Hear It" is selected from "Youth Literature". Author Gui Wenya. 21. "The Peach Blossom Spring" is selected from "The Collection of Tao Yuanming". Tao Yuanming, also known as Qian, courtesy name Yuanliang, was born in Chaisang, Xunyang, and was a famous poet in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. His representative works include "Come Back and Come Back", "Preface to the Peach Blossom Spring Poems", "Returning to the Garden and Living in the Fields", "The Biography of Mr. Wuliu", etc. 22. "Shadow House Chrome" is selected from "Complete Tang Dynasty". The author Liu Yuxi, courtesy name Mengde, was a native of Luoyang, a poet and philosopher of the Tang Dynasty. He is known as Liu Guest in the world. There is "Liu Yuxi Collection". "The Story of Ai Lian" is selected from "The Collection of Zhou Yuan Gong". The author Zhou Dunyi, also known as Maoshu, was a philosopher in the Northern Song Dynasty. Yuan Gong is Zhou Dunyi's posthumous title. He is the author of "Tai Chi Illustrations" and "Tongshu". 23 "Nuke Zhou Ji" is selected from "Yu Chu Xin Zhi" edited by Zhang Chao of the Qing Dynasty. The author Wei Xuezhen, courtesy name Zijing, was a native of Jiashan in the late Ming Dynasty. Ming Dynasty essayist. 24. "The Journey of the Great Road" is selected from "Book of Rites·Liyun".
"Book of Rites", one of the classic works of Confucianism, was compiled and compiled by Dai Sheng of the Western Han Dynasty on various etiquette treatises before the Qin and Han Dynasties, with 49 chapters. The "Four Books" of Confucian classics refer to "The Analects", "Mencius", "The Great Learning", and "The Doctrine of the Mean", and the "Five Classics" refer to the "Book of Songs", "Shangshu", "Book of Rites", "Book of Changes", and "Spring and Autumn". Confucius, the founder of Confucianism, whose name was Qiu and whose courtesy name was Zhongni, was a native of Lu during the Spring and Autumn Period and a famous thinker and educator. 25. "Wang Yue", "Spring Hope" and "Shi Hao Li" are selected from "Detailed Notes on Du Shi". The author Du Fu, whose courtesy name is Zimei, calls himself Shaoling Yelao in the poem, and later generations call him Du Shaoling. He is a great realist poet in the Tang Dynasty, with a melancholy style of poetry. A large number of his poems extensively and profoundly reflect the true historical situation of the Tang Dynasty society from prosperity to decline before and after the "An-Shi Rebellion", especially his "Three Officials" ("Xin'an Officials", "Tongguan Officials", "Shihao Officials") ) "Three Farewells" ("Farewell to the Married", "Farewell to the Elderly", "Farewell to the Homeless"), "Spring Hope", "Northern Expedition" and a series of immortal chapters with a high degree of people's character and patriotic thoughts, reaching the level of realism peak. His poems are therefore called "the history of poetry" by later generations, and he himself is also revered as the "Saint of Poetry". 26. "Three Gorges" is selected from "Shui Jing Zhu Shu". Three Gorges, the general name for "Qutang Gorge, Wu Gorge, and Xiling Gorge". Li Daoyuan, courtesy name Shanchang, was a native of Fanyang Zhuo County and a geographer of the Northern Wei Dynasty. He wrote "Shui Jing Zhu", which is called "Shui Jing Zhu", but actually uses "Shui Jing" as its outline. It records in detail more than a thousand large and small rivers and related historical relics, personal anecdotes, myths and legends, etc., which is an important part of our country. The most comprehensive and systematic comprehensive geographical work in ancient times. The book also records many inscriptions on stelae and fishermen's songs. The writing style is gorgeous and the language is clear, which has high literary value. 27. "A Letter of Appreciation to Zhongshu" is selected from "The Complete Liang Wen of Three Dynasties, Qin, Han, Three Kingdoms and Six Dynasties". The author, Tao Hongjing, was born in the Liang Dynasty in the Southern Dynasties. His courtesy name was Tongming, his nickname was Huayang Seclusion, and he was a native of Moling, Danyang. There is "Tao Yinju Collection". "Night Tour of Chengtian Temple" is selected from "Dongpo Zhilin". It was written during the period when the author was demoted to Huangzhou. The author is Su Shi, also known as Zizhan and Dongpo Jushi, a writer of the Northern Song Dynasty. His lyrics were the first to be bold and bold. His prose writing achievements are also very high, and he is one of the "Eight Great Masters of Tang and Song Dynasties" (Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan, Ouyang Xiu, Wang Anshi, Su Xun, Su Shi, Su Che, and Zeng Gong). 28. "Observing the Tide" is selected from "Old Martial Arts Stories". The author Zhou Mi, courtesy name Gongjin, was a native of Huzhou in the Song Dynasty. 29. "Looking at the Snow in the Pavilion in the Heart of the Lake" is selected from "Tao An's Dream Memories". The author Zhang Dai, also known as Zongzi, also known as Shigong, also known as Tao'an, also known as Die'an Jushi, was a native of Shanyin in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. Born in a noble family, he was a wealthy son when he was young. He loved prosperity, loved landscapes, and was interested in music and opera. There are "Tao'an Dream Memories", "West Lake Dream Quest" and so on. 30. "Returning to the Garden and Living in the Fields" is selected from "The Collection of Tao Yuanming". Author Tao Yuanming. Refer to the previous chapter No. 2130, "The Envoy to the Fortress" is selected from the "Collected Notes of Wang Youcheng". The author, Wang Wei, whose courtesy name was Mojie, was known as Wang Youcheng because his official position was Shangshu Youcheng. He was a very famous poet and painter in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. 30. "Farewell at Jingmen" is selected from "The Complete Works of Li Taibai". The author Li Bai, also known as Taibai and Qinglian Jushi, was a poet of the Tang Dynasty and a great romantic "poetic immortal". The artistic characteristics of his poems are rich imagination, vigorous momentum, and bold and elegant style. 30 "Visiting Shanxi Village" is selected from "Jiannan Poetry Manuscript". The author Lu You, named Wuguan, also known as Fangweng, was born in Shanyin, Yuezhou. He is a famous poet in the Southern Song Dynasty and has nearly 10,000 existing poems. There are "Weinan Collected Works" and "Jiannan Poetry Draft" handed down from generation to generation. 1. Fill in the blanks with literary knowledge. (1) "Luhuadang" is the famous writer's "Baiyangdian Chronicles Part Two", and "Baiyangdian Chronicles Part One" is " " (2) In the first unit, we have studied (a national loan) a battlefield communication by Simonov, with the title It is " " (3) The author of "Dear Mom and Dad" is a Chinese-American female writer. The article calls for the world's needs. (4) Hugo is a (nationality) writer. His representative works include the novels " ", "Les Miserables" and "1993" "wait. (5) Please write down one of the famous books about war that you have read. Work: " "; Author: ; Protagonist: ; Describes the war. (6) "Back View" is selected from " " by , the author is named , home, , . (7) "The Journey of the Great Dao" is selected from "". This book is one of the classics of the family. (Dynasty) (name) compiled and compiled various political treatises before the Qin and Han Dynasties, with 49 chapters. (8) A piece of news can be divided into five parts: , , , , , among which is the backbone of the news, which expresses the theme with sufficient facts. (9) "Ah Chang and "The Classic of Mountains and Seas"" is selected from Bai Luxun's "". Please list the other two works in this collection of essays: " " " ".