Major General Hong Hong
Among the founding generals, there was a Vietnamese named Hong Hong.
Hong Kong's original name was Wu Yuan Bo, also known as Ruan Shan, and he was born on October 1, 1908 in a family of real estate owners and landlords in Hanoi, Vietnam
At the age of 5, he entered a missionary school run by the French. At the age of 15, he studied at Beiqu Normal School in Hanoi. After graduation, he went to France alone to seek the truth, where he met Ho Chi Minh and became his close comrade-in-arms. Soon he returned to Vietnam and engaged in student activities.
In 1924, Ho Chi Minh came to Guangzhou. He called on patriotic Vietnamese youth at home and abroad to come to Guangzhou.
Feng Hong responded to the call, gave up his wealthy family life, and arrived in Guangzhou in early 1925. He met Zhou Enlai
, Li Fuchun, Cai Chang, Chen Yannian, and Chen Qiaonian. Together with Huang Wenhuan and Pham Van Tong, he participated in the Vietnamese revolutionary youth training class hosted by Ho Chi Minh and became one of the early communists in Vietnam. In the classroom, he met Mao Zedong, Liu Shaoqi, Peng Pai and other teachers who gave lectures. After the training class, Cai Chang introduced him to Huangpu Military Academy and became a Huangpu student. He was in the fourth batch of infantry and was in the same class as Lin Biao. After graduating in 1926, he stayed at Whampoa Military Academy to work.
In 1927, he resolutely quit the Kuomintang and joined the Communist Party of China. On December 11 of the same year, Flood participated in the Guangzhou Uprising. After the failure of the uprising, Hong Hong followed Nie Rongzhen and Ye Jianying to Hong Kong, and was later transferred to Thailand with Hu Zhiming arranged by the Vietnamese party organization. In June 1928, under the instructions of Ho Chi Minh, Flood came to China again. He first participated in the labor movement in the Hong Kong Seamen's Union, and then went to Dongjiang, Guangdong to join the Dongjiang guerrillas and served as political commissar. Flood also had a name called Hongxiu. Comrades thought this name was too feminine. Flood saw a Kuomintang leaflet saying that the Red Army was a scourge, so he changed his name to Flood.
In April 1930, he was transferred to the 12th Red Army in western Fujian and served successively as the Propaganda Section Chief of the Political Department, Political Commissar of the 34th Division, and Director of the Political Department of the Division
After hundreds of battles, he became an outstanding political leader in the Red Army.
In October 1932, Hong Hong was ordered to be transferred to Ruijin, the capital of the Central Soviet Area, to study at the Central Military and Political School of the Red Army
, and later stayed at the school as a teacher. Flood was very active at that time. He was the president of the Workers' and Peasants' Drama Club, the first drama club in the history of our army. He often teaches singing, dancing, playing piano, screenwriting and acting.
In 1934, Hong Hong participated in the Second National Congress of the Chinese Soviet Union
as a representative of the Jing ethnic minority and was elected to the Central Committee of the Chinese Soviet Union. Member of the Executive Committee. In the long-term struggle practice, Hong
realized that Mao Zedong's line was the correct line, so he firmly supported and followed Mao Zedong, resisted and opposed
"Left" errors line, but was labeled as a "senior spy" by the "Left" people in power and expelled from the party. But
the flood refused to give in. With the care of Zhu De and Liu Bocheng, he was transferred to the Chen Geng Cadre Regiment of the Red Front Army and participated in the Long March. Hong Hong was one of the four foreigners who participated in the Long March of the Red Army, but during the Long March he was no different from a general of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army. Even in his words, he could not tell that he was a foreigner. In June 1935, the Red First and Fourth Front Army met in Maogong, Sichuan. Hong Hong followed Zhu De and Liu Bocheng to work in the Left Route Army composed of the Fourth Front Army.
Because he resolutely opposed Zhang Guotao's separatist conspiracy and supported Zhu De and Liu Bocheng's correct idea of ??going north to fight against Japan, Hong Shui angered Zhang Guotao again and expelled him again from the party membership he had just restored during the Long March, plus a " "International spy" hat. Zhang Guotao wanted to shoot him, but Liu Bocheng insisted not to agree. Even so, the flood still followed the left route army for the second time to climb the snow-capped mountains and cross the grassland, and experienced another ordeal. When the battle moved to the Ganzi area in Xikang, his troops were dispersed. He hid alone in a Tibetan home, herding sheep, herding camels, and begging for food. He went through countless hardships
Went to Yan'an in June 1936. In Yan'an, Hong Hong entered the first department of the Red Army University. In 1937, he studied in the second period of the Anti-Japanese University and later worked in the Democratic Movement Department of the General Political Department of the Red Army. At the beginning of the Anti-Japanese War, Hong Hong was sent to Shanxi Province
As a pro-democracy cadre in Dongye District, Wutai County, Yan Xishan's father-in-law's family had money but could not provide money, and had guns but could not use guns. Hong Hong found out
After learning the details of Yan Xishan’s father-in-law’s family, he mobilized the masses to “borrow” hundreds of long and short guns, and allocated reasonable burdens according to the land area and economic income
. Yan Xishan's father-in-law's family reported the flood to Yan Xishan, and Yan Xishan was so angry that he cursed: "
Floods, floods, just savage beasts." Yan Xishan approached Zhou Enlai, who was in Taiyuan, about Flood's borrowing a gun incident, and in the name of the United Front Organization of the Sacrifice League, he pressed down step by step, forcing our party to deal with Flood.
As a result, Hong Shui was transferred to the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region and was expelled from the party for the third time, but this time it was to deal with Yan Xishan. Party membership was restored. Hong Hong served as the first president of "Anti-Enemy Daily" in the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region
. He was versatile. He not only wrote theoretical articles and newsletters, but also essays and poems, and made great contributions to the anti-Japanese war propaganda work in the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Border Region.
In 1938, Flood met Bethune in the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region. Bethune performed hemorrhoid surgery for Hong Hong. In order to save anesthesia, Hong Hong volunteered to do the surgery without anesthesia. Bethune gave Hong Hong a piece of gauze to bite when he was in pain to prevent his tongue from getting inflamed. With damaged teeth, Flood refused. After the operation, Bethune said: "Hong, well done
You are so brave!"
In August 1945, Ho Chi Minh led Vietnam's "August Revolution" and urgently needed A large number of cadres, especially military cadres, returned to work in China. Under such circumstances, Hong Hong resolutely decided to say goodbye to his wife and children in China and return to serve the motherland
. Before leaving, Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, and Ye Jianying met him. Mao Zedong said: "Xiaohong, we are reluctant to say goodbye to you. We can only agree to let you go. That is your motherland. The conditions are difficult. You have to work hard. We understand you and you are a good comrade. But when you go to Vietnam, you must unite with your Vietnamese comrades." Mao Zedong
said half-jokingly: "Hong Hong's character is persistent and transparent. When used well, such cadres are horses that can gallop a thousand miles. Otherwise, they just love to squander their children." If the horse is not used well, he will kick people." Flood went to Chongqing.
After participating in the conference work of the Kuomintang negotiations, he returned to Vietnam. He changed his name to Ruan Shan and served as the chairman of the South Vietnam Anti-Japanese War Committee. He also served as the commander and political commissar of the fourth theater and the commander and political commissar of the fifth theater, specifically leading the South Vietnam's resistance to the French. war. Under the leadership of Flood, the Fourth and Fifth Theaters created a new situation in guerrilla warfare behind enemy lines and self-sufficiency in production.
In 1948, he was awarded the rank of Major General of the Vietnam People's Army. However, although Hong Hong had great military exploits, he was gradually isolated and excluded because he was inconsistent with other leaders of the Vietnamese Communist Party on the revolutionary path, principles and strategies, and was in a difficult situation. .
In 1950, Ho Chi Minh secretly visited China and made a request to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to aid Vietnam in resisting France. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China sent Luo Guibo, Wei Guoqing, and Chen Geng to Vietnam successively. Through Luo Guibo, Ho Chi Minh proposed that he hope to send floods back to China to strengthen
the contact between the two parties, two countries, and two militaries in Vietnam and China, and to coordinate matters related to assisting Vietnam in resisting France. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China agreed to return the floodwaters to work in China. In the same year, Flood returned to China, lived in Zhongnanhai, and served as the head of the Vietnam Section of the Second Division of the Central United Front Work Department
. At the end of the year, Hong participated in the preparation and establishment of the International Department of the CPC Central Committee. In 1951, he entered the first phase of the Basic Department of Nanjing Military Academy. After graduating in 1954, he successively served as the deputy director of the Doctrine Bureau of the Training Directorate and the president of the General Staff's "Combat Training" magazine. Before the first title conferment in the People's Liberation Army of China in 1955, Hong Hong was initially designated as a full division commander. Some people thought the setting was too low, but he had no complaints and obeyed the organization's arrangements. Later, it was Premier Zhou who reported the situation to him. Chairman Mao immediately instructed the relevant leaders to point out that Flood had joined the army during the Huangpu period and should at least be at full military level. In this way, Flood was reclassified as a full military level.
In 1955, Flood was awarded the rank of Major General, and was awarded the First Class August 1st Medal, the First Class Medal of Independence and Freedom, and the First Class Liberation Medal
. According to some information, the military rank reported by the relevant departments for the flood was Lieutenant General. Because he was Vietnamese, the relevant departments specifically sought Ho Chi Minh's opinion. Ho Chi Minh believed that it was better for Hong Hong's Chinese military rank to be consistent with his Vietnamese military rank, so Hong Hong's military rank was finally determined to be major general. Hong Hong once followed Ye Jianying to the Liaodong Peninsula to participate in the command of anti-landing exercises.
In early 1956, Flood was diagnosed with gastric cancer, which was in an advanced stage. He made a request to return to Vietnam, which was approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. Before returning to China, Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai met him. Mao Zedong said: "Xiao Hong,
When I saw you on the Tiananmen Gate Tower on National Day last year, you were quite well and in good health. Why?< /p>
What’s wrong now? We didn’t take good care of you, we didn’t take good care of you.” Hong Hong said: "The Chairman and the Central Committee have always cared about me very much and taken good care of me. I often meet with Mr. Peng and Mr. Huang. Mr. Peng even came to my home.
I have visited. Ye Shuai is my old leader, so we have more opportunities to meet." Mao Zedong said: "Comrade Hong has devoted himself to the liberation of the Chinese people for decades. , the Chinese people are forever grateful to you." Mao Zedong said: "Xiao Hong, you go back and take good care of your illness. If you are cured, we hope you will come back."
Zhou Enlai asked about Flood's condition and recalled the days when they got along during the war. As they talked, the three of them cried. Peng Dehuai arranged a special train for him in accordance with the specifications of the head of state. Peng Dehuai, Marshal Ye Jianying and more than 200 generals went to the Beijing Railway Station to see him off and bid farewell with tears. The scene was very tragic. At the end of September, President Ho Chi Minh personally went to Hanoi Railway Station to greet him
. There are two identical French-style buildings in the Presidential Palace in Hanoi. Ho Chi Minh lived in one and the other was flooded.
On October 21, this legendary general passed away at the age of 48.
Vietnam held a grand funeral for him. Flood has a high prestige among Vietnamese cadres and masses, especially worshiped by soldiers. After his death, the people donated money to build a temple for him.
(Second draft)