Camellia contains a peculiar temperament, and its leaves contain a thick dark green.
Camellia always produces bright red flowers, but it is still in the snow.
Camellia is graceful like a peony, but not as enchanting as a peony swaying in the wind.
The flowers at the end of the cold season do not wither later than it, and camellia blooms first in the cold winter.
I want to re-evaluate the level of flowers and list them as three fair ones.
Plum blossom has a strange temperament, and it is completely self-loving, but it is a Shu Qi in flowers.
Second, the original text
Camellia is pregnant with peculiar qualities, and its green leaves are deep and thick.
Red flowers often bloom in the snow.
Although rich, not enchanting.
When it is cold in a year, it does not fade, and it is also a spring breeze.
I will order flowers in order to draw up the three fairs.
Mei Junte is plain, but just like Uncle Yi.
Third, the source
Gui Youguang's Mr. Zhenchuan and Camellia Collection
Four. Brief introduction of the author
Gui Youguang (150765438+1October 6th-15765438+February 7th) was called "Mr. Zhenchuan". Han nationality, a native of Xuanhuali (now Kunshan, Jiangsu), Kunshan County, Taicang Prefecture, Suzhou. Ming dynasty officials, essayists, ancient prose masters.
In the 19th year of Jiajing (1540), Gui Youguang was promoted to the imperial examination, and then took the exam, ranking first from the bottom eight times. He moved to Anting River in Jiading, where he studied and gave lectures and had many apprentices. In the thirty-third year of Jiajing (1554), when the Japanese made an insurrection, Gui Youguang went into the city to prepare for defense and wrote Yu Yu Yi.
In the forty-fourth year of Jiajing (1565), Gui Youguang was a 60-year-old Jinshi, and passed the positions of Changxing magistrate, Shunde and Nanjing Taibu Temple. Therefore, he was called a "servant" and took part in the compilation of A Record of Sejong. Qin Long died in five years (157 1 year) at the age of 66.
Gui Youguang admired the ancient prose of Tang and Song Dynasties, and his prose style was simple and sincere. He is a representative writer of "Tang and Song School" in Ming Dynasty, and is called "Ouyang Xiu today". Later generations praised his prose as "plain language first" And Wang are also called "Jiajing Sanjie", and Hu is also called "Gui and Hu". He is the author of Collection of Mr. Zhenchuan and Records of Water Conservancy in Sanwu.
Extended data
works appreciation
Camellia always blooms quietly in the yard when it is a little cold in late autumn. When camellia withers, not the whole flower falls, but the petals wither slowly one by one until the end of life. Such a cautious and unwilling way to die is the same as people's attitude of pursuing an ideal partner, so camellia has gradually become an endorsement to express their feelings to women who love themselves.
In the winter when almost all the flowers wither, the red camellia is particularly warm and full of business. Moreover, planting in the garden can also make people appreciate her faint floral fragrance. Therefore, camellia makes people feel lovely, modest, ideal love, cautious and attractive.
The first four sentences of this poem focus on colorful camellias by describing dark green tea leaves and bright red flowers. The leaves are dark green and the flowers are bright red. Camellia has the characteristics of bright colors. The middle four sentences focus on the valuable qualities of camellia. Camellia: dignified and elegant, rich and graceful, but not enchanting; It has solid quality, opens in the snow, and is cold without withering.
This poem adopts the writing technique of expressing ambition and setting off. Through the image of camellia, the author expresses his infinite admiration and appreciation for people with noble character, and also embodies the author's lofty mind. The whiteness of snow sets off the brilliant red of Camellia and the thick green of leaves, while pine and cypress set off the loyal quality of Camellia.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Camellia (Poems by Gui Youguang)
2. Classical Chinese translation of Bauhinia tree 1. Explanation:
Wei: all: all (brothers) haggard: withered victory: resistant to solution: decomposition.
2. Translation:
(1) Same tree: This tree was (originally) together.
(2) People are not as good as trees: this is why people are not trees.
3. The word "JIU" in the idiom "Dying" is interpreted as: approaching. This idiom means: a dying person (that is, a person who is about to enter the coffin)
Baidu saw someone else translate it.
I posted it for you.
Bauhinia tree, please refer to the "three classics" of relatives. Tang Du Fu's "Sister's News": "The wind blows the bauhinia tree, and the color is in the evening and spring."
Wu Liangjun's "On the Continuation of Qi and Harmony" in the Southern Dynasties: "The three brothers of Jingzhao and Tian Zhen * * * discuss the distinction between wealth and wealth, and they are all equal, except for a bauhinia tree in front of the hall, which * * * discusses the meaning of three pieces. Tomorrow, cut it down, and its tree will die and look like a fire. When I really went to see it, I was shocked and said that my brothers said,' Trees are the same and can be divided, so they are haggard. People are not as good as wood' because of sadness, the tree is no longer untied and the tree is glorious. Brothers feel the same way and share the treasure, so they are filial. The real official is doctor taizhong. "0 refers to a brother. Lu Ji's Yu Zhangxing: "Three scenes are happy in the same plant, and four birds are sad in different forests." See also the woody "Bauhinia tree" in the botany department.
The leaves are big, the flowers are pink and the flowering period is autumn and winter.
3. A Record of Mr. Nan Zhen's Family Biography and Translation of Classical Chinese in Zhong Xing records: "Mr. (referring to the Ming Dynasty philosopher Wang Yangming) traveled to Nan Zhen, and a friend pointed to the flower tree in the rock and asked," There is nothing unintentional in the world, so the flower tree blooms and falls in the mountains. What does it have to do with my heart? Mr. Yue: When you didn't see this flower, it died with your heart; When you look at this flower, you will know that the color of this flower is not in your heart.
Biography records that once, when Wang Yangming was playing in Nanzhen, a friend pointed to the flower tree on the rock and asked him: There is nothing in the world except psychological consciousness, so what does this flower tree have to do with my psychological consciousness? Wang Yangming replied: when you don't see this flower, it is as empty as your psychological consciousness; When you look at this flower, the color of this flower will be true and clear, and you will know that this flower is not outside your psychological consciousness.
4. The translation of the ancient poem "in the mountains" is in the mountains
The sorrow of the Yangtze River has stagnated,
Wan Li's thoughts will come back.
It's windy and it's getting late.
Mountains and yellow leaves are flying.
The Yangtze River seems to have stagnated,
I keep feeling sorry for myself,
Travelers in Wan Li,
I want to come back early.
Moreover, the autumn wind is cold,
Dusk is gloomy;
What is even more unbearable is the high mountains.
Yellow leaves are flying in the mountains.
Appreciation: This is a poem about homesickness, probably written by Wang Bo when he went to Bashu after being dismissed from his post.
The first half of this poem is a couplet. The poet called "Wan Li" the "Yangtze River", which is a geographical concept to describe the situation far from home. Taking "going home" as the antonym of "staying behind" is a concept of time, which is used to describe the situation that tourists and travelers stay behind for a long time without going home. The words "sadness" and "nostalgia" in the two sentences are used to point out the feelings and wishes arising from the above situation. In the second half of the poem, the scene is dotted, and the late autumn scenery of "windy night" and "yellow leaves flying" further highlights this "sadness" and "yearning" mood.
The first sentence, "The sorrow of the Yangtze River has stagnated", may literally be interpreted as lamenting that you have been stranded on the Yangtze River for a long time. What can be proved is "Wandering Wanderers Tired of Jianggan" in Ji You Farewell, and "The cage of fog color is by the river" and "Why stay so long" in the fourth poem of other four people. But if we look at it together with the following sentence "Wan Li", perhaps the poet also thought of Wan Li in the Yangtze River, far away from Wan Li, which caused the sadness of the journey. The title of this poem is "In the Mountains", or it may be the poet's excitement when he saw the Yangtze River on the mountain, and his sadness when he stayed for a long time and compared with the river flowing eastward day and night. Similar to this poem, there is a famous sentence in Du Fu's poem "Chengdu Fu", "The river flows day and night, and the guest is sad." Here, the relationship between "Yangtze River" and "stagnant flow" and "great river" and "wanderer" and "guest heart" can be associated by poets themselves or readers. Within a certain range, understanding can vary from person to person, which is the so-called "poetry is out of reach".
The second sentence "Wan Li misses him and will come back eventually" seems to come from Song Yu's Nine Arguments, but there are at least two different interpretations of "parting and returning" in Nine Arguments: one is the person who returns after seeing him off; One is to bid farewell to the old times. Regarding the "going home" in this poem, if we look at some other farewell poems mentioned above, such as Farewell, Four Other Poems and Wang Zi Security Collection, we can adopt the previous explanation; If you look at the second half of this poem, you can also take the latter explanation. However, it is better to interpret the word "Nian" in this sentence as homesickness, that is to say, the word "Gui" in this sentence, like the word "Ji Lag" in the previous sentence, depends entirely on people who are far away from home, that is, the poet himself. However, there is also a saying that it seems reasonable to regard the "stagnation" in the previous sentence as the "sadness" of living in a foreign land and the "return" of this sentence as the "missing" of a home thousands of miles away. This is another example of "poetry fails to convey its meaning".
Three or four sentences "Love is high and the wind is late, the mountains are yellow and the leaves fly", and the real scene seen by the poet in the mountains also contains the artistic conception from the two sentences "Autumn sadness is also angry, and the bleak vegetation is gradually disappearing". As far as the whole poem is concerned, the scenery written in these two sentences plays a role in setting off the feelings written in one or two sentences, and there are elements that use the scenery to express feelings. Here, the bleak autumn wind and falling yellow leaves are not only used to contrast homesickness, but also used to describe the poet's bleak mood and wandering situation. Of course, this analogy has a distance. At the same time, at the end of the article, I arranged the sentence of "the mountains are yellow and the leaves are flying" described by pure scenery, and wrote with the theme of scenery. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Shen Yi floated in Yuefu Finger Fan and said: "Every sentence should be put out, with endless meanings, and it is best to knot feelings with scenery." The conclusion of this poem is profound and intriguing.
5. Wang Yangming said: "Look at the flower tree, it exists; If you don't look, the flower trees in the mountains don't exist.
Test analysis: This question mainly examines the students' ability to accurately interpret the information in the material. Combining the contents of the materials and the knowledge they have learned, we can see that Wang Yangming is a master of mind and idealistic in philosophy, while Wang Fuzhi is a thinker in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties and actively advocates materialism. Therefore, the essence of their ideological differences is the fundamental difference between idealism and materialism. Item b meets the meaning of the question, item c is wrongly expressed, and item d is not reflected in the materials.
Comments: There are many progressive thinkers in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, with Huang Zongxi, Gu and Wang Fuzhi as the representatives. Many progressive thinkers were born in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties because great changes have taken place in society at this time: the feudal monarchy system was increasingly strengthened and corrupted politically; Economically, the seeds of capitalism have begun to appear, and new social forces are budding; Culturally, the disadvantages of Zhu Cheng's Neo-Confucianism have become increasingly apparent and have been mercilessly criticized by progressive thinkers.
6. Fang is a translation of China's classic Fang Zhuan, a hermit in Gwangju and Huangzhou. When I was a child, I admired Jia Zhu and Guo Jie, the rangers of the Han Dynasty, and all the rangers in the village respected him. When I was a little older, I changed my interest and studied hard, hoping to become famous in the contemporary era, but I never had good luck. In his later years, he lived in seclusion in a place called Qiting in Huangzhou, Gwangju. Live in a hut, eat vegetarian food, and don't associate with all walks of life. Give up the car, ruin the scholar's coat and hat, walk around, no one knows in the mountains. When people saw that his hat was square and tall, they said, "Isn't this the Fangshan crown worn by ancient musicians?" Therefore, he is called "Fang Zishan".
I happened to meet him once when I passed the pavilion because I was demoted to live in Huangzhou. I said, "Oh, this is my old friend Chen Nian Chen Jichang. How can he live here? " Fang was also surprised to ask me why I came here. I told him the reason, and he bowed his head and said nothing, and then smiled and invited me to live in his house. The walls of his house are depressing, but his wife, children and slaves all look happy.
I was very surprised by this. I remembered that Fang was a ranger when he was young. He was addicted to drinking and making swords and spending money like water. Nineteen years ago, when I was in Qixia, I saw Fang hunting in the western hills with two attendants riding horses and two arrows hidden. He saw a magpie flying ahead, so he told his followers to chase and shoot the magpie, but he missed. Fang tightened the reins and jumped forward alone, hitting the flying magpie with an arrow. He immediately talked to me about the way of fighting, about the success or failure of ancient and modern times, and thought he was a generation of heroes. How many days have passed so far, but there is still a heroic spirit in my brow. How can this be a person who lives in seclusion in the mountains?
Fang was born in a family that has been active for generations, so he should be an official. If he could enter the officialdom, he would be regarded as a senior official now. His original home was in Luoyang, and the garden houses were magnificent, which could be compared with Qi Huangong's home. Hebei has fields, and can earn thousands of silks every year, which is enough for a rich and comfortable life. However, he abandoned everything and decided to come to this lonely ravine. Isn't this because of his unique understanding?
It is said that there are many strange people in Huangzhou, Gwangju, who often pretend to be crazy and sell silly clothes, but they can't see them. Fang may meet them.
7. Please ask Li Yu, the author of The Rock in classical Chinese, to translate the original text.
A hill
A hill can't be soilless, but it is dominated by stones and attached to soil. Soil can't beat stones, stones can stand on the wall, and soil is easy to collapse, so it is necessary to rely on stones as a barrier. It is never easy to use external stones and internal soil.
The beauty of rocks lies in the words transparency, leakage and thinness. This leads to another, and he leads to this. If there is a road, it is called Toya; There are eyes on the stone, exquisite in all directions, so-called leakage; Standing on the wall, lonely and helpless, the so-called thin. However, the words "transparent" and "thin" are appropriate, but the leakage should not be too big. If there are eyes everywhere, just like pottery fired in a kiln, there is a size limit inside, and you can't close a gap if you are not careful. The plug is highly connected, which is consistent with the nature of the stone by chance.
The thin mountain should be wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, with big feet. Although it's beautiful, it's not enough just to look at it.
Avoid roundness in stone eyes, that is, if there is a generated circle, stick gravel next to it to make it angular to avoid mixing the whole body.
Stone grain stone color is the same, such as coarse grain and coarse grain should be combined, fine grain and fine grain should be on one side, purple, blue and green, and each is similar. However, the difference is so great that we don't feel the similarities and differences until it is hung on the border. If we don't take it away, we will change it from the heart. As for the stone, it must be ignored; Not only is it unbearable to look at, but it is also difficult to last. What is the stone dimension? The right path is also true.
Translation:
The hill can be a stone without soil, and the soil is attached to the outside of the stone. Soil can't compare with stone, stone can stand up, soil can't. It must rely on stones to stand up. No one has adopted this practice since ancient times.
It is said that the beauty of rocks includes three aspects: permeability, leakage and thinness. Here leads to there, and there leads to here. If there is a road, it is called transparency. There are holes in the stone, and the surroundings look lovely. This is called leakage. The steep mountain wall stands upright in mid-air and does not depend on anything. This is called thinness. The more prominent the words "transparent" and "thin", the better. However, if it is leaked, it will be bad. If there are holes everywhere, it will be just like the earthenware burned in the kiln. There are certain restrictions on the size of the hole. There are one or two holes in the stone, which conform to the stone itself. If the top of the mountain is big and the middle is small, then the bottom is big, although there is a certain degree.
Eyes on stones are taboo. Even if they are born round, there are a lot of rubble beside them, but the stones are angular, which distinguishes them from others.
Stone grain and pattern together, coarse grain and coarse grain together, so as to look good. That's why we should be together. But if we divide them too clearly, we will feel uncomfortable. It is better to let them combine freely, and the change is up to them. But for the inherent character of stone, we must abide by it and use it according to its attributes, which is not only beautiful, but also lasting. What is the character of stone? There are no certain rules for skew.