How to distinguish the level of poetry? Ask god for help

This is more complicated. Take your time. First, what is level? In short, flat tone is in terms of tone. Chinese characters are monosyllabic words, and tones have the function of distinguishing meanings. Therefore, tone is a natural attribute of Chinese, not an invention of someone. Shen Yue in the Southern Dynasties first discovered tones and applied them from theory to practice. He divided the tones into four categories: flat, up, down and inside (the so-called "divine division"). Flat refers to the flat sound, which originally means "uneven", including the upper, lower and middle tones. Flat tone is relative to the ancient four tones. The four tones of modern Mandarin Chinese are flat tone, rising tone, rising tone and falling tone. From ancient Chinese to modern Chinese, the four tones are very different. However, the present four tones are in the same strain as the ancient four tones: the ancient flat tones were divided into two tones: Yin Ping and Yang Ping. The ancient rising and falling tones are also roughly equivalent to today's four-tone rising and falling tones. The ancient Rusheng characters have disappeared, but in some dialects, they still remain to varying degrees. So, where are the ancient Rusheng characters? Turning to the present four tones of modern Chinese Putonghua, it is called "three tones of entering tone" (yin and yang tones are called flat tones, and when the flat tones are removed, they are three tones). This will make it difficult for modern people to recognize grades. Further discussion, because the pronunciation of Chinese characters is determined by initials, finals and tones. Therefore, even tone not only refers to tone, but also includes initials and finals. In addition to tone, vowels have a greater influence on distinguishing flat tones than initials. Because vowels are mainly composed of vowels, vowels are also called vowels; Initial consonants are completely composed of consonants, also called consonants. As the name implies, consonants are not as loud as vowels, and their pronunciation is blocked. Also, because vowels in syllables are behind initial consonants, pronunciation generally ends with the pronunciation mouth of vowels, and initial consonants only play an auxiliary role in pronunciation. Second, why do you say that Pingruo Chinese is a monosyllabic word, with one word and one sound? Through the subtle and changeable contrast between words and sounds, that is, the alternation of flat and flat tones, we can achieve auditory enjoyment, make it pleasant to hear, enhance the cadence effect of poetry, and form the musical beauty of Chinese. Flat tones are unique to Chinese, not the product of the ancients behind closed doors, but the * * * knowledge obtained by phonologists in past dynasties after studying and analyzing the laws of ancient pronunciation, and there are also some agreed factors. From the perspective of objective hearing and personal feelings when pronouncing, it is not difficult for us to accept the following facts: 1, some words are pronounced with a round mouth, a relaxed pronunciation part, and a slow voice, which can be prolonged. However, when some words are pronounced, the mouth is closed, the pronunciation parts are tense, and the pronunciation is short and astringent. (that is, different combinations of initials and finals) 2. There are also differences in pronunciation, such as flat, rising, falling and tortuous (that is, different tone values). It is on this objective existence that the distinction between levels and levels is established. After a reasonable arrangement of poems, the reading order is alternating, the ups and downs, the combination of length and length, and the sense of music comes naturally. Otherwise, the mouth is always open or curled, and the mouth is tense and cannot be relaxed. It's really "miserable" Or the tone is straight, round, lacking in change, and really "tasteless." It is for this reason that some poems are difficult to read. The following is a classic poem full of poems. Try to experience the feeling of uneven level and poor ventilation: In the bitter rain, I sent Lu Pi Rixiu in a daze for ten days. Cormorants play, hibiscus sleeps together. Fish crossed the coconut city and sails crossed the diamond-shaped flower field. Autumn harvest is hopeless, and sadness is really futile. Third, the use of flat and even tones in regular poetry. China's poetry developed into the Qi and Liang Dynasties and began to pay attention to rhythm consciously. In the Tang Dynasty, metrical poems were formally formed in the form of level and level. In the past, poems that were not rigorous or had no requirements for leveling, antithesis and rhyme were called "archaic poems" for short. The corresponding metrical poems are called "modern poems". Flat tone is an important part of metrical poetry. The purpose of emphasizing the level tone is to make the poem cadence, full of rhythm and beauty. Regular poems are generally composed of eight sentences, and every two sentences are a couplet. Among the eight sentences, the first and second sentences are "first couplet", the third and fourth sentences are "parallel couplet", and the fifth and sixth sentences are "neck couplet". The seventh and eighth sentences are "tail-to-tail". The first couplet and the neck couplet can also be called the upper couplet, and the couplet and the tail couplet can also be called the lower couplet. The last sentence of each couplet is "sentence" and the next sentence is "duality". For example, I want to know why my Jinse has fifty strings, and each string has a youthful interval. (Part I) Zhuangzi daydreaming, a saint, bewitched butterflies, the emperor of Shu, fell in love with Du Fu. Mermaids shed pearl-like tears on the moon-green sea, and the blue fields breathed their jade to the sun. A moment that should last forever has come and gone before I know it. Rhyme emphasizes "sticky" and "right". If the flat pattern in a poem does not conform to the law of "sticking" and "being right", it is called "losing sticking" and "being wrong", which are taboo in metrical poems. The so-called "sticky" means that the level of the second word of the couplet is the same as that of the second word of the couplet. Take Li Shangyin's Jinse as an example. The second word of the first couplet is "fresh", which is a flat voice, and the second word of the couplet is "sheng", which is also a flat voice. The second word of the couplet is "emperor", which is a derogatory term, and the second word of the couplet is "sea", which is also a derogatory term. The second word of the neck couplet is "Tian", which is a flat sound, and the second word of the tail couplet is "Qing", which is also a flat sound. This is called "stickiness". The so-called "right" means that the sentence in a couplet is the antonym of the second word of the sentence. Take the above-mentioned rhyme as an example: the Second word of the first sentence is "se", which is a sound; The second word for antithesis is "string", which means flat voice. The second word in the couplet sentence is "Jian", which is a flat voice; The second sentence in the antithesis is "the emperor", which is a kind of slander. The second word of the neck sentence is "sea", which is a sound; The second word in the antithesis is "Tian", which is a flat voice. The second word of the last sentence is "love", which is a flat voice; The second word in the sentence is "yes", which means silence. Why do the rules of "sticky" and "right" fall on the second word of each sentence and not on other words? Many books have not answered this question. In my opinion, whether it is five words or seven words, the second word is more likely to attract people's attention than other words. This is a natural auditory feeling, which is almost meaningless. Every sentence in a metrical poem has a flat sentence pattern. There are two kinds of five-character rhymes: 1, 2, 1, 2, 7. Classical poetry can use both flat and oblique rhymes. According to the law of "adhesion" and "antithesis" and the principle of entering rhyme (even rhymes enter rhyme, even rhymes generally do not enter rhyme), the above four sentence patterns are arranged in harmony, that is, the flat rhymes of the regular poems are 1, and the first sentence is flat rhymes. Five words. Seven words are even flat, even flat. Flat and light, flat and light. Flat and light, flat and light. Flat and light, flat and light. Flat and light, flat and light. Plain, plain, plain. Flat and light, flat and light. Flat and light, flat and light. 2. The first sentence doesn't rhyme. Five words. Seven words are flat and flat, flat and flat. Plain, plain, plain. Flat and light, flat and light. Flat and light, flat and light. Flat and light, flat and light. Plain, plain, plain. Flat and light, flat and light. Flat and light, flat and light. 3. Shrink the first sentence to rhyme. Five words and seven words flat, flat, flat. Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping. Flat and light, flat and light. Plain, plain, plain. Flat and light, flat and light. Flat and light, flat and light. Flat and light, flat and light. Plain, plain, plain. 4. Pick up the first sentence without rhyme. Five words and seven characters, flat and flat, flat and flat. Flat and light, flat and light. Flat and light, flat and light. Plain, plain, plain. Flat and light, flat and light. Flat and light, flat and light. Flat and light, flat and light. Plain, plain, plain. The above are four types and eight collocations after the flat and flat sentence pattern of metrical poems is fixed. It should be pointed out that don't be intimidated by a series of flat bricks, and you don't have to memorize them. As long as you follow the rules, you can push it out yourself. It should also be noted that metrical poems are very strict with flat tones, but they also allow some places not to fully conform to the above metrical rules, which is called variation. However, it should also be changed according to the rules of the game. That is, it can only appear in the first, third and fifth words of the poem (the five-character poem does not include the fifth word). The traditional saying is "No matter 135, 246 is clear".