When you go out with tears in your eyes, you can know the sonnets of tears from the flowers in the still night.
Don't look back at your heart like this. Take part in the night song in Rain Lane.
I remember that the rainy night on the road was my autumn impression when I was alone.
Come to my place to pay homage to the sun and worry about Yuriko Yaeko Dream City.
My sketch
Dai Wangshu (1905- 1950) is a representative poet of modernism. He was born in a well-off family by Xizi Lake on March 5th. 1905. His mother, Zhuo Peiqi, was born in a scholarly family and gave Wang Shu a good enlightenment education. 1923 was admitted to the literature department of Shanghai University, and 1925 was transferred to the French department of Sinian University. Later, he translated William's poems and founded a literary studio with Shi Zhecun, Du Heng and Feng Xuefeng in 1928. During this period, Dai Wangshu fell in love with Shi Zhecun's sister. In order to express his deep love, Dai Wangshu used melancholy poems to express his feelings.
On April 1929 and 1 Sunday, Dai Wangshu's first book of poetry, My Memory, was published, among which Rain Lane was beautiful, sad and hazy, full of musical beauty, and became a masterpiece for a while. Dai Wangshu was once called a poet in Rain Lane.
1933, Dai Wangshu published his second collection of poems, Wang Shucao. He kept telling his heart to his beloved girl, crying his deep love with the words on the road. Come to me alone at night.
In order to get the love of his sweetheart, Dai Wangshu went to France to study and entered the Sino-French University in Lyon. /kloc-0 returned to China in the spring of 935. 1936 10 and Bian, Sun Dayu, Liang, Feng Zhi founded the monthly New Poetry, published a large number of poems, and became the representative poets of China modernism.
After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Dai Wangshu took refuge in Hong Kong, edited the literary supplement of Ta Kung Pao, and initiated the establishment of Geng magazine. 1in the spring of 938, Sing Tao Supplement of Star Island Daily was edited in Hong Kong. He actively participated in the fierce anti-Japanese struggle and became an active anti-Japanese literary fighter. 1939 Edited Vertex with Ai Qing to promote the anti-Japanese war.
194 1 At the end of the year, Dai Wangshu was imprisoned by the Japanese invaders. In prison, Dai Wangshu has no way out. Between being immersed in love and resisting Japan and saving the country, he chose the latter and was released on bail by Ye Lingfeng.
1March, 949, Dai Wangshu returned to Beiping; In June, I attended the first all-China literary and art workers' congress. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), he worked as a French translator in the International Press Office of the General Press Office. At the same time, Dai Wangshu also translated a large number of poems and more than 30 foreign literary works.
In the long struggle life and unfortunate marriage life, Dai Wangshu suffered from asthma, but he still worked selflessly. 1950 On February 28th, he died young with infinite attachment to his motherland and countless regrets about his life.
Dai Wangshu's poetry creation can be roughly divided into two periods: before and after resisting the enemy. The previous period was 1922 to 1937. During this period, on the basis of profound cultivation of China's classical poetry, the poet accepted the influence of French symbolism poetry, borrowed and transformed its artistic form to express his lonely and sentimental feelings. Mystery and obscurity are the main characteristics of poetry in this period. This period can be divided into three stages:
1, "Old Prompt" stage
Dai Wangshu, who lives in Xinghua Chunyu, started practicing calligraphy at the age of 17. At this time, there are only twelve works that can be read now (the "old kit" part of the poetry collection "My Memory"). Because this sensitive poet suffered from the sadness of the times from the beginning, he also accepted the negative romanticism in Europe and America, and advocated the expression of the poet's self and inner life. His poems were full of self-pity and groans. For example, "I'm afraid of sadness now, I'm afraid of pain/I can't get rid of it in North Korea,/I'm afraid there will be no happy days in the future,/I think the old days are hard again" (cicada), "Happiness is just a dream,/loneliness is waiting for me! /I secretly choked my tears,/I gave birth to another day! " However, it can also be seen that poetry at this stage pays more attention to the color beauty of words and tends to be western aestheticism. In terms of poetic style, there are also various explorations, including metrical and semi-metrical free poems, which pay attention to the symmetry of poetic lines and the rhythm of poetry. The language is influenced by classical poetry, but it also uses modern spoken language, which is fresh and pure.
2. "Rain Lane" stage
From 65438 to 0925, Dai Wangshu transferred to Aurora University to study French, which gave him the opportunity to directly read the works of symbolic poets such as William, Gourmon and Meyer through French. Symbolist poets attach importance to the use of symbols and hints, and express the poet's hidden inner feelings with vivid images, which is very close to his artistic personality, so they began to apply their artistic skills to their own creation. At the same time, the early crescent poets also actively advocated the establishment of metrical poems. At that time, many poets were keen to apply the law of flattening old poems to new poems, and even devoted themselves to the reappearance of old poetic images and artistic conception in new poems, which also endowed Rain Lane published by 1928 with obvious influence from French symbolism and the Mid-Crescent School, marking the gradual maturity of his poetic art.
3. "My Memory" stage
After the rain lane caused great repercussions, Dai Wangshu did not continue to walk along the rain lane. He was deeply inspired by the courage of western symbolist poets to resist traditional forms and the innovative spirit of being unconventional. He resolutely abandoned the superficial rhythm and meter of poetry and pursued inner poetry, inner rhythm and charm. He began to realize that "poetry cannot rely on music" because "rhyming and neat words hinder the poetic feeling or make it abnormal. If we adapt the artistic conception of poetry to the dull and superficial old rules, it is equivalent to putting our own feet in other people's shoes "(Du Heng's Preface to Wang Shucao). As a result, he turned his back on the pursuit of musical beauty in the past. A few months after writing Rain Lane, he created My Memory with a style different from his previous works. Bian summed up his pursuit of poetic language, form and style at this stage: "In the intimate style of daily life, it is free to curl up, sharp and accurate, without losing its charm, restrained and chic, and artfully simple" (Preface to Dai Wangshu's Poems). My Memory uses only spoken English in daily life and selects a large number of the most common images in life: cigarettes, pens, wine bottles and so on. , thus forming a sense of intimacy; The intonation of the whole poem is also calm and calm, and it is indeed a kind of "introverted chic". Poetry impression is based on sincere feelings, luxurious but not hypocritical, gorgeous and powerful. "It's a bell falling into a deep valley", "It's a small fishing boat heading for the fog" and "If it's a blue pearl,/it has fallen into the black water of an ancient well". It is not only the superposition of auditory and visual images, but also the fusion of concrete and abstract. "The decaying sun shines on the top of the forest/it gently gathers away/followed by a shallow smile on the face" is the "nature" in the sense of "people" and the "people" who follow "nature". As can be seen from My Memory, a free-curled free poem has become a handy form for Dai Wangshu. This form of poetry is a combination of fully absorbing the nutrition of China's classical poetry and boldly drawing lessons from the artistic advantages of western poetry. Its appearance marks the maturity of China's blank poems.
Post-creation from 1937 to 1945. After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, due to national worries and personal experience, Dai Wangshu could no longer indulge in the sadness of "self" and broadened his horizons. Even though he still lamented the theme of his personal life, his feelings became deeper and more dignified than in the past, and his reality was enhanced. The realistic attitude of the poet cultivated by the times and fate has also changed his consistent poetic style to some extent. The hazy and ethereal atmosphere produced by dreamlike images has been diluted, and poets use sketch to present their true feelings more. "There is a terrace, this window,/There is happiness peeping behind,/There are some books, two beds,/A bottle of flowers ... This is heaven"; "But this terrace, this window,/there is so quiet, there is no sound,/there is no lovely shadow, petite shouting,/it is just lonely, lonely and accompanied by sunshine" (Living in the Old Residence).
As an intellectual with conscience, Dai Wangshu also actively participated in the anti-Japanese flood and participated in the anti-Japanese propaganda work to arouse the people. The realistic education and the tempering of life have gradually improved his understanding, broadened his mind, and constantly cast his new feelings, new images and new languages. 1939 New Year's Day, his short poem "New Year's Day Blessing" is the first new sound of this change. With sincere attitude, cheerful mood and high rhythm, the poet expressed his good wishes to the motherland and people: wishing "our land" to grow a stronger life and "our people" to be "free and liberated". Make his poems, as he really hoped, "should become a force in the Anti-Japanese War" and "China's new poems have more profound contents and more perfect forms of expression" (the first issue of Vertex, edited by Dai Wangshu and Ai Qing, edited by miscellaneous notes).
194 1 After the fall of Hong Kong, Dai Wangshu was arrested and imprisoned. In prison, he wrote the most patriotic and combative poems in his life, such as The Wall of Prison, Waiting, Wish, I Break My Palm, and Occasionally. The poem is full of strong feelings, and its style is clear and vivid. In the dungeon, in the damp and dirty corner, the author experienced the test of life and death, and also experienced the temper of sentiment. In the poem "I Break My Palm", in the face of death, he cares about the fate of the suffering motherland and especially looks forward to the "warm, clear, firm and vigorous spring" in the distant corner. The author's idea is quite unique, stroking what he loves with his palm-first, "I touch my motherland with my damaged palm in turn"; Secondly, focus on the warmth and lyricism of The Far Corner; Finally, he expressed his great vision of "eternal China". Contrast and symbolism show strong emotional color in this poem, and the rhythm is integrated with the author's emotional flow, which is full of flexibility. The wall in prison is another touching poem of his. This poem does not truly describe the poet's life feelings in the enemy's prison, but creates a surreal poetic scene through imagination. The fantasy world of poetry is supported by two hypotheses: one is to imagine that one is dead, and the other is to imagine that War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression finally wins. It is on these two fulcrums that the poet began to pour out his sincere feelings to his friends. In this way, the fate of individuals and the motherland is highlighted first. Here, it is not the poet's lonely individual who suffers from arrest and imprisonment, but "one of you", that is to say, both the individual and the motherland are suffering, and his suffering is the suffering of the motherland! That's why the poet shouted: "He has a deep hatred/you should always remember it". Even if I die, because I died for my motherland, the poet firmly believes: "I will live in your heart forever." This way of thinking is also conducive to the organic integration of the poet's spirit of death and his belief in the victory of the motherland. On the one hand, the poem highlights that patriotism is immortal with the death of the body. On the day of triumph, even if only his "injured limbs" were dug out of the soil, the poet firmly believed that people would "hold his soul high" in the cheers of victory. On the other hand, this poem reflects the desire for freedom before birth and the attachment to light after death. When the poet hopes to win, he puts his bones on the mountain peak/exposed to the sun and bathed in the wind ",and tells people:" In that dark and humid dungeon/this is his only dream "! Even after death, it is conceivable that life and death are the persistence of freedom and light. In art, words show strength in repression, deep tone in relief, and plain, simple and romantic images and pictures. This artistic realm of coexistence of fantasy and reality shows the poet's unyielding will and belief in national liberation to an unforgettable degree.
In a word, Dai Wangshu's later creation, from content to creation method, belongs to realism, which shows his transformation from modernism to realism. In performance, most of them rhyme, multi-word compound sentences, pay attention to sentence patterns and rules, partially restore the musicality and new metrical forms that have been abandoned by poets, and show a return to a higher level.