It should be "Birdsong Stream", right?
Birdsong Stream
Author: Wang Wei of Tang Dynasty
The people are idle, the osmanthus flowers are falling, the night is quiet and the spring mountains are empty.
When the moon comes out, birds startle the mountains, and they sing in the spring stream.
Analysis
Birdsong Stream is a place with extremely beautiful scenery. Jian is a mountain stream, a ravine sandwiched between two mountains.
This poem describes the unusually quiet scene at night in Spring Mountain. The main idea of ??the poem is: In a quiet environment without human voices, the sweet-scented osmanthus blossoms and falls by itself, as if you can feel the sound of the sweet-scented osmanthus falling to the ground. When the night is deeper and quieter,
the spring mountains with many scenery seem to be empty. The moon had just risen, and as soon as the light appeared, it startled the birds that were sleeping in the trees. They chirped from time to time in the spring stream.
This poem mainly writes about the quiet night in the spring mountains. The flowers fall, the moon rises, and the birds sing, they are all moving. The author uses movement to contrast the stillness, and achieves the artistic effect of "the mountain with the singing of birds becomes more secluded".
Describing an ethereal and quiet environment and state of mind, the protagonist uses all his heart and soul to listen carefully to the sounds of falling flowers and birds singing. His heart is peaceful and indifferent, but also full of elegance. The extremely quiet nature is vivid and full of life in the poet's writing. The moonrise is silent, while mountain birds fly in fright. This is an artistic scene that contrasts movement and stillness. "Er'an Shuo Tang Poetry": "Youcheng is good at Zen theory, and his poems are all in line with the holy teachings." "Notes on Tang Poetry": "It is wonderful to have leisurely things and leisurely people to lead this leisurely fun." "Poetry Methods Yi Jianlu": " Birdsong refers to a motive; stream refers to a narrow environment. If you first write the five words "Jingyue Spring Mountain Sky" in front of it, and then point out the bird singing stream, you will feel an empty and quiet scene, which becomes more obvious due to the birdsong. It is revealed beyond the words and ink. It is a piece of machinery that cannot be reached without human effort."
Notes
There are quite a few opinions on the osmanthus in this poem. One explanation is that there are different types of osmanthus such as spring flowers, autumn flowers, and four-season flowers. The one written here should be the one that blooms in spring. Another opinion is that literary and artistic creation does not necessarily have to copy life. It is said that Wang Wei's painting "Yuan An Lying in the Snow" has green bananas in the snow. Things that cannot appear at the same time in real life are in literary and artistic creation. allowed. However, this poem is one of the "Five Miscellaneous Poems of Huangfu Yue Yunxi" written by Wang Wei about his friend's residence. Each of the five poems describes a scene, which is close to landscape sketching, but different from ordinary freehand paintings. Therefore, it is appropriate to interpret it as the actual spring osmanthus in the mountains at this time.
The osmanthus branches have lush leaves and small petals. Falling flowers, especially at night, is not easy to detect. Therefore, the word "人 leisure" at the beginning cannot be easily read. "People are free" means that there are no human disturbances around, and it shows the quietness of the poet's heart. With this as a premise, the subtle sweet-scented osmanthus fell from the branches and was noticed. The poet can discover this kind of "falling", either by the touch caused by the flower falling on the skirt of the clothes, or by the sound, or by the trace of fragrance emitted when the petals fall. In short, the factors that "fall" can affect people are very subtle. And when this subtle factor can be clearly felt from the surrounding world, the poet can't help but marvel at the silence of the night and the emptiness particularly revealed by the silence. Here, the poet's state of mind and the environmental atmosphere of Chunshan are consistent with each other and interact with each other.
In this spring mountain, Wan Lai is intoxicated with the color of the night and the tranquility of the night. Therefore, when the moon rises and brings a bright silver glow to the empty valley shrouded in night, the mountain birds are startled. The birds were frightened, of course, because they were accustomed to the silence of the valley, and it seemed that even the moonrise brought new excitement. But the brightness of the moonlight caused the scenery before and after the valley to change suddenly, which is also conceivable. The so-called "the moon and stars are sparse, and the black magpie flies south" (Cao Cao's "Dan Ge Xing") can be used for our imagination. But Wang Wei lived in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, which was different from the war and chaos in the Jian'an era. Even birds and beasts could not help but feel panic. Wang Wei's "Moonrise Startles the Mountain Bird" is set in the stable and unified society of the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Although the bird is frightened, it is by no means "circling the tree three times with no branches to rely on". They did not fly away from the spring stream, or even took off at all. They only made occasional calls among the trees. "The time is ringing in the spring stream", they are not so much "surprised" as they are fresh about the moonrise. Therefore, if we compare it with Cao Cao's "Dan Ge Xing", in Wang Wei's poem, we can not only see the charming environment of the spring mountain decorated with the bright moon, falling flowers and birdsong, but also feel the prosperous Tang Dynasty. The peaceful and stable social atmosphere of the era.
Wang Wei likes to create a quiet artistic conception in his landscape poems, and this poem is the same. But what is written in the poem is the falling flowers, the moonrise, and the singing of birds. These moving scenes make the poem appear full of vitality and not dull, and at the same time, through movement, they more prominently show the tranquility of the spring stream. Moving scenery can achieve a static effect instead. This is because the contradictory sides of things are always interdependent. Under certain conditions, the reason why movement can occur or be noticed by people is precisely based on stillness. "The mountains are more secluded when birds sing", which contains the dialectics of art.
Notes
Xian: quiet. Empty: empty.
Poetry:
Spring is silent, and the sweet-scented osmanthus withers unconsciously. The silence makes the mountains feel even more empty on a spring night. The moon came out, and the birds were startled by the moonlight. The chirping from time to time echoes in the mountain stream.
Brief analysis:
This poem is all about the tranquility of spring mountains.
"Quiet" was strongly felt by the poet. Why? It is because "people are idle", that is, people are quiet. People's tranquility is due to the tranquility of their hearts, so they are aware of the fall of the sweet-scented osmanthus.
Flowers falling, the moon rising, and birds singing, these "moving" scenes set off the tranquility of the spring stream.