Any method or means to make sentences more vivid, expressive and artistic can be called rhetoric. Rhetoric is aimed at specific sentences.
There are many kinds of figures of speech with different contents. However, there are eight rhetorical devices (figures of speech) * * * that students are required to master in the syllabus of college entrance examination: metaphor, analogy, metonymy, exaggeration, duality, parallelism, rhetorical questions and rhetorical questions.
Rhetorical devices in poetry include metaphor, analogy, metonymy, exaggeration, duality, rhetorical questions, truthfulness and arousal.
⑴ Metaphor: Comparing one thing or situation with another can be divided into simile, metaphor, metonymy and metaphor. It has the function of highlighting the characteristics of things and turning abstraction into image. For example, the poem "How many sorrows can there be, just like a river flowing eastward" skillfully compares the abstract "sorrow" to the river flowing eastward, and writes the number and length of sorrow.
Example analysis: Read the following Song Ci, and then answer this question.
Liu Zaoqing? Lu Meipo saw Liu Guo off.
Pan-chrysanthemum (1) cup deep, blowing plum (2) angle far, all in the capital. Gather and disperse in a hurry, lonely geese by the clouds, duckweeds on the water. How can we teach people not to get hurt? Feel a few degrees, the soul flies and dreams are shocked. After dark, I miss you, the dust goes with the horse, and the moon sails.
【 Precautions 】 ① Pan-chrysanthemum: Drink chrysanthemum wine. 2 blowing plum blossoms: hitting plum blossoms.
Q: What methods does the author mainly use to express his feelings? Please elaborate in whole words.
Analysis: This poem mainly uses metaphor. The first part uses the metaphor of "a lonely goose on the cloud and duckweed on the water" to express the pain of parting, and the next part uses the metaphor of "the dust goes with the horse and the moon sails" to express the feelings of missing.
(2) Metonymy: borrowing related things to replace things to be expressed. Metonymy can use parts to represent the whole, concrete to replace abstraction, and features to replace people. The use of metonymy makes the language concise and implicit.