Collection and interpretation of common allusions in ancient poetry
Looking back on the poetry appreciation questions in the college entrance examination in recent ten years, I have found some commonly used allusions many times. To this end, the author collected some allusions commonly used in ancient poetry, in order to help students who are actively preparing for the exam.
1. Spitting food "Historical Records of the Duke of Zhou's Family" contains: Duke of Zhou vomited rice out of his mouth many times when he was eating, in order to receive talented people without eating. Later, I used this allusion to show that I can receive talents as eagerly and assiduously as Duke Zhou. For example, Cao Cao's "Short Songs": "The Duke of Zhou vomited, and the world returned to the heart."
2. Write a biography of Ban Chao in the later Han Dynasty: Ban Chao was born in poverty and made a living by copying documents for the imperial court. He once lamented that he should follow the example of Fu Jiezi and Zhang Qian, make contributions to the border region and take the title of Marquis. Later, "throwing a pen" meant abandoning literature and joining the army. For example, Xin Qiji's "Water Tune Songs": "If you don't learn from Ban Chao's pen, you will be named as Wan Li and Gunter's old frontier."
3. The Great Wall's Biography of Heather Tan Daoji contains: Tan Daoji was a famous soldier in the Southern Dynasties and the Song Dynasty, with great power, and was suspected by the monarch and ministers. Later, Song Wendi took the opportunity to kill him. Tan Daoji was furious: "It's really the Great Wall of Wan Li!" Later, the Great Wall of Wan Li was used to refer to the generals guarding the border. For example, Lu You's book The Wrath: "The Great Wall is empty, but the temples in the mirror have faded."
4. Loulan's "Han Shu" contains: King Loulan was greedy for money and killed many China envoys to the Western Regions. Later, Fu Jiezi was sent to the Western Regions to design the beheading of King Loulan, making contributions to the country. Later, poets often used "Loulan" to refer to the enemy of the border, and "breaking (splitting) Loulan" to refer to making contributions. For example, Wang Changling's "Joining the Army": "The yellow sand wears the golden armor in hundreds of battles, and the broken loulan is not returned."
5. Bend over "The Hidden Biography of Song Shu" contains: Tao Yuanming used to be Peng, but because he refused to "bend over to give the children in the village five buckets of rice", he abandoned his official position and retired. "Bend over" means to bend over and bow, and later it refers to people who bend over, such as Li Bai's Dream of Climbing Mount Tianmu: "An Neng is a powerful person who will never be seen with an honest face."
6. Bi Hua's "Zhuangzi Foreign Affairs" contains: Changhong was a virtuous minister of the Zhou Dynasty, was acquitted and was exiled to Shu. After he committed suicide in Shu, the local people hid his blood in a jade box. Three years later, the blood became jasper. Later generations often use "Bi Hua" to describe an honest person who has been wronged by a just cause. For example, Zhu Dunru's "Magnolia Slow": "Turn the blue sea into the west, who will take the sword?"
7. Dongli Tao Yuanming drinks: "Picking chrysanthemums under Dongli, leisurely seeing Nanshan." Later, "Dongli" was often used to express rural life or leisure feelings after resignation and retirement. For example, Li Qingzhao's "Drunk Flowers": "Dongli handle wine has a faint fragrance at dusk."
8. Sanjing Tao Yuanming's "Gui Xi Ci"; "The three paths are barren, and the pine chrysanthemum still exists." "Mitsui became a hermit's seclusion place. For example, Bai Juyi's "It is a gift to want to be close to Yuan Jiu": "The bright moon is good for three nights, and Qingyang is suitable for home in two spring. "
9. "Old songs" originally refer to songs sung when seeing off guests at Grandma's Pavilion. The former site of the old pavilion is in Nanjing, which is a famous farewell place in ancient times. "Brother" later became another name for farewell songs. For example, Xu Hun's "Farewell to Xie Ting": "When my brother misinterprets the boat, the red leaves and green hills rush. It's still far from waking up at sunset, and it's raining down the west building. "
10. There is a long pavilion about ten miles away from the ancient post station and a short pavilion about five miles away for tourists to rest and see off. Later, "Changting" became synonymous with farewell places. For example, Liu Yong's Yulin Order: "Cold cicadas are sad, the pavilion is late, and the shower begins to rest."
1 1. Nanpu Qu Yuan's Song of South Hebo: "Send a beauty to Nanpu." "Nanpu" is the southern waterfront, and later, together with "West Building", it is often used to refer to a farewell place. For example, Bai Juyi's Nanpu Bie: "Nanpu is sad, and the west wind is curling in autumn."
12. Yang Wei's "Send Yuan Er's Anxi": "Weicheng is rainy and dusty, and the guest house is green and willow. I advise you to drink more wine. It makes no sense to go to Yangguan in the west. " Later, the songs sung at the farewell party were called "Yangguan" and "Besieged City". For example, Liu Yong's "Youth Tour": "The sunset is idle and my thoughts are myriad. A song "Yangguan", heartbroken, alone Lanrao. "
13. The ancients in Lu 'an had the custom of folding willows to bid farewell, and later Lu 'an was used to refer to the place of farewell. Liu Yong's Yulin Order: "Where did you wake up from the wine tonight, Yang Liuan Xiaofeng passed away."
14. Su Chi Gulefu's "Drinking Horses in the Great Wall Cave": "The guest came from afar and left me a pair of carp with Su Chi's book in it." Later, the "geometer" was called the alphabet. For example, Qin Guan's "Walking on the Sand" said: "Plum blossoms are sent with the post, and the fish and dragons stay for a long time. This hatred has no weight. Chen Qiang was lucky enough to go to Chen Shan. Who did he go to Xiaoxiang for? "
15. Hongyan's "Hanshu Su Wu" contains: Xiongnu Khan deceived the Han ambassador and claimed that Su Wu was dead. The messenger of the Han Dynasty lied that Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty killed a swan flying from the north, with a silk book tied to his foot, which was written by Su Wu. Khan had to let Su Wu go. Later it was used to refer to letters and audio information, just like "Goose Book", "Goose Foot" and "Fish Goose". For example, Yan Shu's "Qing Ping Le": "Small print is red, which means Shang Ping. The swan goose is in the clouds and the fish is in the water. This situation is hard to send. "
16. Qingluan's Shan Hai Jing said: Every time the Queen Mother of the West travels, she will be informed by a Qingluan first. Later generations used "qingluan" and "bluebird" to refer to the messenger. For example, Li Shangyin's Untitled: "Pengshan has no many paths, oh, Jade Bird, listen! -Give me what she said! ."
17. The source of the allusion of double carp is the same as that of "Su Chi". So "double carp" is also synonymous with letters. For example, Li Shangyin's "A Message to Secretary Hu Ling": "Song and Shu have been away from each other for a long time, and the two carp are far apart. Mo Wen Liangyuan is an old guest, and Maoling is sick like autumn rain. " Among them, Song Qin Yun Shu was transformed into Du Fu's Spring Back to Li Bai and Spring Trees in the North of Wei River and Twilight Clouds in the East. Sima Xiangru was a guest of Liang Xiaowang and wrote about his current situation.
18. Honghu's Historical Records Chen She Family contains: Chen She, the leader of the peasant uprising army in the late Qin Dynasty, had little ambition for Honghu, and later rose in osawa Township. Later generations used the word "swan" to describe people's lofty aspirations. For example, Janice's "Klang Ganzhou": "Look up at the swan and hold your hand high."
19. Du Fu is commonly known as Du Fu, also known as Zigui, Du Yu and Wang Di. According to legend, Wang Di was the king of Shu, whose name was Du Yu. Later, he retired from Zen, unfortunately, his country died, his soul turned into a bird, and he cried in late spring, even bleeding in his mouth. Later, "cuckoo" was often used to express sad atmosphere or homesickness. For example, Xin Qiji's "Dingfengbo": "Hundreds of flowers and thousands of reds have passed, and the cuckoo sounds sad." Another example is Li Bai's "Difficult Road to Shu": "When I come, there are cuckoos singing and I am worried about the empty mountain."
20. The song of partridge seems to say "Don't be a brother", which is often used to set off the difficulty of the situation or the melancholy mood. For example, Xin Qiji's "Bodhisattva Man": "The river is worried at night, and the mountains are deeply listening."
2 1. The blue shirt is black, and the clothing color of low-ranking officials in Tang Dynasty is cyan black. Later generations often use "Sima Qing" to describe sadness and sadness. For example, Bai Juyi's Pipa Trip: "But who among them cries the most? ? This Jiujiang official. My blue sleeves are wet. "
22. Businessman Du Mu's "Bo Qinhuai": "Business women don't know how to hate national subjugation, but they still sing backyard flowers across the river." A businesswoman is a singer. Later, it was used as a metaphor for living a drunken life regardless of the survival of the country. For example, Wang Anshi's "Guizhixiang": "Today, business women still sing from time to time and enjoy staying in the backyard."
23. coquettish originally refers to the "national style" of the Book of Songs and the "Li Sao" of Chu Ci, and later refers to excellent literary works or literary talents. For example, Mao Zedong's "Qinyuanchun": "Qin Huang Hanwu, slightly lost literary talent; Tang Zong Song Zu, slightly less coquettish. "
24. Carving insects Speaking of Yang Xiong's "Fa Yan" in the Han Dynasty: "A boy carves insects, and a strong man does not do it." Later, it refers to trivial skills and more refers to word skills. Such as Li He's "South Garden": "Looking for chapters and sentences, the eagle flies, and Xiao Yue hangs the moon bow as a curtain. I don't see the three seas every year. Where is the article crying in the autumn wind? "
According to the Analects of Confucius, Luz fell behind when traveling with Confucius. When he met an old man working, he asked him. Because Luz's attitude is very respectful, the old man stayed in Luz and treated him well by killing chickens and cooking millet and rice. Later, "chicken millet" was used to refer to the meals served to guests. For example, Meng Haoran's "Passing the Old Village": "Prepare chicken rice for me, old friend, you entertain me on your farm."
26. In Du Kang's Shuo Wen Jie Zi, it is recorded that Du Kang (also known as Shao Kang) invented and made brooms and kaoliang spirits in ancient times. Later, Du Kang was used as a substitute for wine. For example, Cao Cao's "Short Songs": "How to solve your worries? Only Du Kang. "
27. Se Se was originally the name of Green Baoyu, but later it was borrowed from Green. For example, Bai Juyi's Ode to Mujiang: "A round of setting sun is sprinkled in the water, half of the river is rustling and half of the river is red. On the third night of September, the dew is like a pearl and the moon is like a bow. "
28. Red bean legend In ancient times, a woman died because her husband died in the frontier and cried under a tree, and became a red bean, so red bean was also called "acacia tree". Often used to symbolize love or lovesickness. For example, Wang Wei's Acacia: "When those red berries come in spring, they flush on your southern branches. For me, take a hug home as a symbol of our love. "
29. Sang Zi's "The Book of Songs Xiaoya Xiaoyan": "Wei Sang and Zi are respectful." It means that the mulberry trees in my hometown were planted by my parents, and we should pay tribute to them. Later, people used it to compare their hometown. Later generations have a poem: "Why bury bones and mulberry fields? Castle Peak keeps loyal souls everywhere. "
30. Sang Yu's Huai Nan Zi: "When the sun sets, the scenery ends, it is called Sang Yu", and "Sang Yu" refers to the place where the sun sets and the corner of the sun shines, and then it is compared to the old age. For example, Wang Bo's Preface to Wang Tengting: "The East Corner has been lost, and Sang Yu is not too late."
3 1. Guan Shanyue's Yuefu tunes are more about feelings of defense and parting. For example, Wang Changling's "Seven Songs of Joining the Army" (II): "Pipa dancing as a new sound is always an old love affair."
32. Plum Blossom completion song title. For example, Li Bai's "Listening to the Yellow Crane Tower with Shilang Zhong Qin": "Yu Di is played on the Yellow Crane Tower, and plum blossoms fall in Jiangcheng in May." Imagine seeing plum blossoms falling all over the sky from the flute sound of plum blossoms falling, and then the feeling of awe and awe was produced by the falling of plum blossoms, which was in line with the poet's mood at that time.
33. According to legend, Caiyu is a music and dance adapted by Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, which mainly shows song and dance scenes. For example, Bai Juyi's "Song of Eternal Sorrow": "Until the war drum, from Yuyang boom, the world shook, breaking the tone of the rainbow skirt and feather coat."
34. The backyard flower, yushu backyard flower, is said to be composed by the emperors of the Southern Dynasties, with a beautiful voice. For example, Du Mu's "Bo Qinhuai": "Business women don't know how to hate national subjugation, but they still sing backyard flowers across the river."
35. Yang Liuzhi, a tune composed by Yang Liuqiu Yuefu, sometimes called Zheliu, is mainly about military life. From Liang and Chen to the Tang Dynasty, most of them are sad words, and most of them miss recruiting people. For example, Wang Zhihuan's "Liangzhou Ci": "Why should a strong enemy blame Liu? The spring breeze is only Yumenguan."
36. The name of "An Old Song that is Difficult to Walk" is full of human hardships and sadness of parting. For example, Li Yi's "Going North to Join the Army": "After the snow in Tianshan Mountain, the sea is cold and it is difficult to play the flute."
In addition, "great injustice" refers to unjust cases, "knot grass" refers to gratitude, "volunteer" refers to asking the army to serve the country and so on. Of course, the use of allusions is a common technique in ancient poetry, and what I introduced above is only some common ones. To truly master the appreciation of ancient poetry, it is necessary for candidates to do a comprehensive review in a down-to-earth and down-to-earth manner.
Throw a pen: abandon literature and join the army
(2) Chicken and millet: especially the food for entertaining guests.
(3) Red beans: a symbol of love or acacia.
(4) Loulan: the enemy of the border.
(5) Bend over: Bend over to serve others.
(6) Brother, Acropolis, Yangguan: Songs sung when going away.
(7) Sorrow: I feel sorry and sad for the country's past prosperity and present decline.
Hongyan, Yan Shu, Yan Zu and Yu Yan: Letters and audio information.
(9) Sang Yu: refers to the place where the afterglow shines at sunset, and later refers to old age.
(10) Size element: letters
(1 1) Businesswoman: Singer, later used as a metaphor to live a drunken life regardless of the survival of the country.
(12) Qingluan and Jade Bird: messengers.
(13) partridge: Set off the hardship of the situation or the melancholy of the mood.
(14) Du Fu: Rendering a sad atmosphere or homesickness.
(15) Double carp, carp and carp: letters
(16) May 6th: Hermit
(17) Honghu: People are ambitious.
(18) Dongli and Chrysanthemum Picking: Pastoral Life or Elegant Feelings after Resignation.
(19) Insect carving: trivial skills, referring to writing skills.
(20) Three Classics: the place where hermits live.
(2 1) coquettish: excellent literary works or literary talent.
(22) Changting, Nanpu and Lu 'an: farewell places.
(23) Sunset: parting mood or dusk and old age.
(24) Shepherd boy: indifference, pastoral life
(25) Smoke waves: wandering after parting.
Wu Gou: Weapons can have courage and pride.
(27) Bright Moon: Homesickness
(28) Qingyun: High status.
(29) The lone wild goose dropped her sail and broke the rainbow: a lonely wanderer.
(30) Blue and purple: high officials and dignitaries.
(3 1) Lilac: Sadness or Complexity?
(32) childhood friends: boys and girls play together naively.
(33) Cicada: Sad Autumn (34) Blue Sky: Honest Official
(35) Falling Flowers: Injury to Spring
(36) Dusk: Fear of impending death or infinite historical significance.
(37) West Building and Wangjiang Building: It is still long and melancholy to send them elsewhere.
(38) Mei: There are many kinds of amorous feelings (Mei Shu: girls fall in love with spring)
(39) "Plum Rain": long and melancholy.
(1) Phyllostachys bambusa: Phyllostachys xiangfei. After Shun's death, E Huang and Nv Ying, concubines of Shun, wept bitterly in Mizunokami, Hunan Province, and shed tears on bamboo branches, all with stripes. Song of the Thai Mother in Yuxi, Liu Tang: "How do these thousands of tears flow on the Xiangjiang River?"
(2) Two-winged bird: According to legend, shrews only have one eye and one wing, so two birds must be together to fly. Metaphor is husband and wife. Tang Bai Juyi's Song of Eternal Sorrow: "In the sky, I would like to be a pair of lovebirds. On the ground, I will grow together and have two branches in one tree."
(3) Write the etiquette of the competition: It is usually used with "Dan Xin" to praise the loyalty of those who died for their country. Jacky's Song of Zhang Dying Festival: "Lonely loyalty is a clear heart, and it still needs to be turned into blood in three years."
(4) The Great Wall: Tan Daoji, a general in the Southern Song Dynasty, called himself the "Great Wall of Wan Li" and later called it a hero who could resist the enemy's invasion. Song Luyou wrote angrily: "The Great Wall is empty, and the temples in the mirror have faded."
(5) Pick Wei: At the end of Yin, attack Yin. Boyi and Shu Qi, the sons of the monarch of the solitary bamboo kingdom, thought that the minister had killed the monarch, so they stopped the horse. After Yin, they did not eat, lived in seclusion in shouyangshan, ate from the European Union, and eventually starved to death. Later used as a metaphor for seclusion. Wang Tangji's wild hope: "I don't know each other, Long song is pregnant with Wei."
(6) Long Pavilion: In ancient times, there was a long pavilion on the road about ten miles away, and a short pavilion five miles away for tourists to rest and see off. Since then, "Changting" has become another name for the farewell place. Song Liu Yong's Yulin Order: "Cold cicadas are sad, pavilions are late, and showers begin to rest."
(7) Size element: The phrase "Drinking horses in the Great Wall Cave" in the ancient Yuefu "Guests from afar left me a pair of carp. Tell the children to cook carp, there are books in it. " Later, it became synonymous with letters. Song and Qin Guan's "Walking on the Sand": "Plum blossoms are sent with the post, and they live a long life. This kind of hate has no weight. "
(8) Climbing: There is a custom of climbing on the Double Ninth Festival. Don's "Remembering my brothers in Shandong when I was on vacation in the mountains": "If you know where your brothers are climbing, there will be one person missing from Cornus officinalis."
(9) Sleeping high in Dongshan: Xie An resigned in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and lived in seclusion in Dongshan, later referring to seclusion. Tang Li Bai's "Song of Liangyuan": "The Dongshan Mountain lies high, and it is appropriate to help the poor at night."
(10) Du Kang: According to legend, Du Kang (Zhongning) invented wine, which was later used as a synonym for wine. Three Kingdoms Cao's "Short Songs": "How to solve your worries, only Du Kang."
(1 1) Dongli: Tao Yuanming of the Eastern Jin Dynasty said that "under the east fence of chrysanthemum picking, you can see Nanshan leisurely". Later, "Dongli" was often used to express pastoral life or leisure feelings after seclusion. Song Liqing took a photo of "Drunken Flowers": "Dongli handle wine at dusk, with faint fragrant sleeves."
(12) Cold food: the name of the festival, one or two days before Tomb-Sweeping Day. Legend has it that the meson of Jin pushed him to live in seclusion in the deep mountains, burned the mountains and forced him to be an official, but he couldn't push him out and was burned to death. In memory of Jiexiu, Jin Wengong forbade making a fire and only ate cold food on the day of his death. This section comes from this. Tang Han-Easy Cold Food: "Spring City is full of flowers, and the east wind is cold and the willows are oblique."
(13) History: In ancient times, characters were written on bamboo slips. First, the bamboo slips are dried, which is called "fixing green"; Bamboo slips are also called "historical records" because they will sweat when they are dry. Later refers to manuscripts and history books. Song Wentian's "Zero Crossing and Ding Yang" sample: "No one has died since ancient times, so we should learn from the history."
(14) Red bean: A plant in the south, also called "acacia". The ancients often used it to symbolize love or acacia. Don's "Acacia": "Red plums come in spring and spread all over the southern branches; For me, take a hug home as a symbol of our love. " The second part of the Tang Dynasty's words: "linglong dice has a monkey head. Do you know how to miss your bones?"
(15) Thrush: In the Western Han Dynasty, Zhang Chang fell in love with his wife and once did thrush for her. Later used to describe the love between husband and wife. Tang wrote to his secretary Zhang on the eve of Jinshi: "After makeup, ask my husband in a low voice, is thrush unfashionable?"
(16) Sun: It is said that the day is three feet. Later, "Sun" was used as the name of the sun. Tang Hanyu's A Gift from Li Hua to Zhang Shi: "The sun flies under the sea, and Zhu Hui scatters the clouds."
(17) Lianlizhi: The branches of two trees are born together, which is a metaphor for loving couples. Tang Bai Juyi's Song of Eternal Sorrow: "How we wish to fly in the sky, two birds are one, and they grow together on the ground, with two branches in one tree."
(18) Old songs: songs sung when seeing off guests at the old pavilion. The former site of the old pavilion is in Nanjing, which is a famous farewell place in ancient times. "Farewell to Xie Ting" by Xu Hun in the Tang Dynasty: "When my brother misinterprets the boat, the red leaves and green hills are in a hurry. It's still far from waking up at sunset, and it's raining down the west building. "
(19) Loulan: King Loulan was greedy for money and killed many China envoys who went to the Western Regions. Later, Fu Jiezi went to the Western Regions to kill King Loulan. Therefore, "Loulan" often refers to the enemy of the border. Tang Wang Changling's "Joining the Army": "There are dark snow mountains in Qinghai, and the lonely city looks at Yumenguan. The yellow sand wears golden armor in hundreds of battles, and the loulan is not returned. " Tang Li Bai's Xia Sai Qu: "I would like to put my sword in my waist and cut Loulan straight."
(20) Dream Butterfly: also known as "become a butterfly". During the Warring States Period, Zhuangzi dreamed that he had become a butterfly. Metaphor after a dream, like a dream. The third part of Song Dynasty's "Wandering": "Sleeping in a secluded window, turning into a butterfly, drunk with the word" roosting crow ".
(2 1) Jade Bird: According to legend, on July 7th, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty made a sacrifice in Yonghua Temple, and suddenly a jade bird flew from the west. Dong Fangshuo said it was because the Queen Mother of the West was coming. I used this as a messenger later. Sui's Jade: "I would like to be the queen mother of three bluebirds and fly around to spread the news." Don Li Shangyin's Untitled: "Pengshan has no paths, Bluebird, and listen! -Give me what she said! ."
(22) Three roads: At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Wang Mang was authoritarian, and Jiang Xu's secretariat resigned and lived in seclusion. He "opened three roads" under the bamboo shade in the garden, only intersecting with Zhong Qiu, Yang Zhonghe. Later this generation refers to the place where hermits live. Tao Qian of the Eastern Jin Dynasty wrote a farewell speech: "The three paths are barren, and the pines and chrysanthemums still exist." Tang Bai Juyi's "If you want to be adjacent to Yuan Ba Bu, give it first": "The bright moon is good for three nights, and Qingyang is suitable for two spring families."
(23) Sang Yu: It is said that the sun sets and its shadow shines on the Sang Yu tree. This is the contrast between the sunset and the rest of my life. Liu Tang Yuxi's "Appreciating Lotte and Singing the Old": "Don't say that Sang Yu is late, because it is still full." Tang Wang Bo's Preface to Wang Tengting: "The East Corner has been lost, and Sang Yu is not too late."
(24) Sirius: Sirius, star name. The ancients mainly invaded and plundered. Later, he used the metaphor of "shooting Sirius" to attack the invading aliens. Song Sushi, "Jiangchengzi? Hunting in Michigan: "I will bow like a full moon, look northwest and shoot Sirius." "
(25) Double carp: The ancients sent letters to form the shape of double carp. Gulefu's "Drinking Horses in the Great Wall Cave": "Guests come from afar and leave me two carp." Later, it was compared to a letter. Tang Li Shangyin's "A Word to Secretary Ling Huchong": "Song Shu has been away from home for a long time, and two carp are far away from a book." Pisces is a synonym. Tang Li Bai's Supplementary Record for Hanyang: "The white scales of Hankou Pisces make the master report to his lover."
(26) Mi Li: The Book of Songs? When the doctor of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty passed through the old capital of the Western Zhou Dynasty, he saw the millet everywhere, and he lamented that the imperial ancestral temple was destroyed. Later, he expressed regret and sadness about the rise and fall of this country in the past. Tang Xu Xing's "Climbing the Old City of Luo Yang": "Millet is separated from Artemisia annua. Do you know how to work in the ancient city? "
(27) business women: Tang Du Mu's "Bo Qinhuai" language "business women do not know the national subjugation and hate, but still sing backyard flowers across the river." A businesswoman is a singer. Later, it was used as a metaphor for living a drunken life regardless of the rise and fall of the country. Wang Song Anshi's "Guizhixiang": "Today, business women still sing from time to time and enjoy staying in the backyard."
(28) Text: When Ban Chao was young in the Eastern Han Dynasty, he copied official documents for a living. He once lamented that he would follow the example of Fu Jiezi and Zhang Qian who made meritorious service in foreign countries and take the title of Marquis. Later, it refers to abandoning literature and joining the army. Wang: "I'm thinking about my career, and I miss it in honor." Song Xin Qi Ji's Water Tune: "If you don't learn Ban Chao's pen, you will get Wan Li and haggard the old frontier state."
(29) Yangguan: Yangguan, called in ancient times, is now southwest of Dunhuang, Gansu. Tang Wang Wei's Send Yuan Er An Xi: "There is no reason to persuade you to drink one more glass of wine." Later, it was written as a farewell song called "Yangguanqu". Don Li Shangyin's "Drinking at a Banquet, Giving to My Roommate": "Singing the sun is infinitely folded, and half a cup of pine leaves is quite frozen."
(30) Folding willows: This is the custom of the Han capital. Anyone who sends a stranger to another place will be sent to Baqiao in the east of Chang 'an, and willows will be folded into gifts. Say goodbye with the back finger. Tang Li Bai's "Smelling the flute in Los Angeles on a Spring Night": "Everyone can't feel homesick when they hear the willows in this nocturne."
(3 1) Bend over: Tao Yuanming resigned and retired because he didn't want to bend over to the children in the village for five dou meters. The latter metaphor refers to bending over to serve others. Li Bai's Dream of Mount Tianmu in the Tang Dynasty: "Oh, how can I bow and scrape to the high-ranking officials, and I can't be happy?"
(32) During the Spring and Autumn Period of Shen Yu, there was a woman named Shi in Yue State. She was a woman who washed gauze. She had regular facial features, pink face and extraordinary appearance. When she was washing gauze by the river, the clear river reflected her delicate figure and made her look more beautiful. At this time, the fish saw her reflection, forgot to swim, and gradually sank to the bottom of the river. Since then, stone, the synonym of "sinking fish", has spread.
(33) During the reign of Emperor Luo Yan of the Han and Yuan Dynasties, the north-south border was not peaceful. In order to appease the Xiongnu in the north, Emperor Hanyuan chose Wang Zhaojun to marry Khan to ensure that the two countries would be reconciled forever. On a crisp autumn day, Zhaojun bid farewell to his native land and set foot on his way home. Along the way, Ma Si Yan Ming, tore heart crack lung; The feeling of sadness disturbed her. On the mountain, she plucked the strings and played a tragic farewell song. The geese flying south heard the sweet piano and saw the beautiful woman riding a horse. They forgot to flap their wings and fell to the ground. From then on, Zhaojun was called "Wild Goose".
(34) The Story Of Diu Sim, a famous prostitute of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty, was in her back garden when a breeze blew and a cloud covered the bright moon. At this time, Yun3 just saw it. In order to publicize how beautiful her adopted daughter looks, Wang Yun told everyone that my daughter is more beautiful than the moon, but the moon is not, so she quickly hid behind the clouds. So The Story Of Diu Sim has always been called "Moon Pass".
35. Shame on Flowers During the Kaiyuan period of the Tang Dynasty, a beautiful woman named Yang Yuhuan was elected to the palace. After Yang Yuhuan entered the palace, he missed his hometown. One day, she went to the garden to enjoy flowers and saw peonies and roses in full bloom ... She remembered that she was locked in a palace and wasted her youth. She sighed and said to the blooming flowers, "flowers, flowers!" When you are still in full bloom every year, when can I have a bright future? " Tears rolled down her eyes. As soon as she touched the flower, the petals contracted and the green leaves rolled up low. Unexpectedly, she touched the mimosa. At that time, I was seen by Gonge. She said everywhere that Yang Yuhuan was more beautiful than flowers, and the flowers bowed their heads in shame. The title of "shame on flowers" came from this.
(36) knot grass "Zuo Zhuan? It is recorded in "Fifteen Years of Gong Xuan" that Wei Ke, a doctor of the Jin Dynasty, refused to let his father's concubine be martyred according to his last words and told his wife to remarry. Wei Ke fought Qin Du Hui, and saw an old man stumble over Du Hui, Wei Kesheng. At night, I dreamed that the old man told him that he was the father of the woman he married. After metaphor sincerely grateful for kindness. Shi Mi's Chen Qingbiao: "I was the first to fall when I was born, and I was grass when I died. "
(37) Earwashing means that it is a shame to touch worldly things. Xu You is a hermit in ancient legend. According to legend, Yao intends to give up the throne to him in his later years. He fled to the foot of Ji Mountain to farm and eat. Yao also asked him to be the CEO of Kyushu. He went to Shui Ying to wash his ears and said he didn't want to hear it. Cao Zhi's Seven Commandments: "There are no people who wash their ears by the river, and there are no people who live in nests in Qiao Yue."
Yi Dao was anxious to welcome the guests, so he put on his shoes. Extend a warm welcome to the guests. Reflection? Shu Wei? According to RoyceWong legend, Cai Yong appreciated RoyceWong's literary talent and heard that RoyceWong came to inquire for it. Before he could put on his shoes, he went out to meet him. Wang Wei's "Wangchuan Bie Ye": "Dress and fall, meet each other, laugh and open the door." It is also "anti-shoes".
(39) The Book of Jin? The biography of Ruan Ji contains Ruan Ji, which can be blue-eyed. When you meet an ordinary person, look at him with dirty eyes. It is a great honor for Ji Kang to visit with a harp in his hand. Green eyes, eyes up, black eyes in the middle. Later, because of his "green eyes", he was said to value or love people. Du Fu's "Short Songs": "The head of the Zhong Xuan building is full of spring scenery, and my eyes are looking at my son."
(40) Li Tao refers to students and students. During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a minister named Zi Zhi in Wei State. When he was in power, he trained and recommended many people. Later, because he offended Wei Wenhou, he ran to the north alone. In the north, he met a man named Jane, who complained that no one who recommended him would help him. Jane smiled and said, "If you plant peaches and plums in spring, you can enjoy the cool under the tree in summer and eat fruit in autumn;" But if you plant thistles in spring, not only can you not use them in summer, but you will also sting in autumn. " Then Jane added, "So gentlemen should cultivate talents like planting trees. He should choose the right object first, and then cultivate it. The person you choose should not be chosen! " Here, Jane uses the metaphor of "planting trees" to "educate people", which is both vivid and profound. Later, people called the talents trained by teachers "peaches and plums". Bai Juyi's "Planting Flowers in Spring and Your Gong Lvye Hall": "Your Gong Taoli is all over the world, so why plant flowers in front of the hall? "
(4 1) Chicken and millet: refers to the food for entertaining guests.
The Great Wall: Soldiers guarding the border
Red bean: a symbol of love or acacia.
Loulan: the enemy of the border
Sese: It was originally the name of a green gem, and later it was borrowed from Green.
Bend over: Bend over to serve people
Du Kang: Wine.
Bi Hua: Honest people are wronged.
Xiaomi's separation: I feel sorry and sad for the country's past prosperity and present decline.
Hongyan, Yan Shu, Yan Zu, Yu Yan: Letters, audio information.
Sang Yu: refers to the place where the sunset shines, and later refers to old age.
Inch element: letters
Businesswoman: Singer, which was later used as a metaphor for living a drunken life regardless of the survival of the country.
Qingluan, Jade Bird: Messenger
Set off a difficult situation or melancholy mood.
Double carp, carp and carp elements: letters
Rhododendron: Rendering an atmosphere of sadness or homesickness.
56: Hermit
Honghu Lake: People are ambitious.
Hedgehog and chrysanthemum picking: pastoral life or carefree feelings after resignation and retirement.
Insect carving: trivial skills, especially writing skills
Mitsui: the place where hermits live.
Coquettish: Excellent literary works or literary talents
Laoge, Weicheng and Yangguan: Songs to be sung when going away.
Changting, Nanpu and Lu 'an: Farewell Places
Sunset: parting mood or old age
Shepherd boy: indifference, pastoral life
Smoke waves: drifting away
Wu Gou: Weapons may have courage and pride.
Bright Moon: Homesickness
Qingyun: Very high position.
Lonely goose, falling sail, broken rainbow: a lonely wanderer
Senior officials and outstanding officials
Lilac: a sad heart or complex
Childhood friends: boys and girls played together innocently when they were young.
Cicada: Sad Autumn
Blue sky: honest official
Falling flowers: hurting spring
Fallen leaves: autumn
Dusk: Fear of impending death or infinite historical significance?
West Building of Wangjiang Building: The farewell place is still long and melancholy.
Plum: Containing amorous feelings (Plum maturity: girls fall in love with spring)
(Meiyu: long and melancholy)
Flying crown, lonely crown, homing crown: lonely wanderer