Let's talk about Song Ci first. Ci, as a kind of poetic style juxtaposed with "poetry", originated in Sui Dynasty, but failed to survive. After a large number of literary creations in the Tang and Five Dynasties, the pattern gradually became fixed and the art gradually matured. In the Song Dynasty, the creation of Ci was unprecedentedly prosperous. Tang poetry and Song poetry have always been combined into one, which shows that it has become the most successful literary style in this historical period.
Ci flourished in the Song Dynasty because of the development of melody and the needs of society.