Asking why things in the world directly teach people to live and die comes from the poem Touching the Fish and Yanqiu written by Yuan Haowen of the Jin Dynasty. The original text is as follows:
"Original"
Touching the Fish and Yanqiu
Author: Yuan Haowen of the Jin Dynasty
At the age of Yi Ugly, he went to try Bingzhou, saying, "Today, those who catch geese say, The person who broke off the net lamented that he couldn't go, but he threw himself into the ground and died. " Because I bought it, I was buried above Fenshui, and the stone was the knowledge, so I called it "Yanqiu". Most of the peers are chanting poems, and there is also "Yanqiu Ci". There is no palace business in the old work, but it is changed today.
ask the world, what is love, and teach life and death? Flying in all directions, the old wings are cold and hot several times. Have fun, leave bitter, and there will be more children in the school. You should have a message: Clouds in Wan Li, Sunset Snow in Qian Shan, to whom do you only shadow?
Hengfen Road, lonely in those days, flute and drum, barren smoke is still plain. What's the point of evocation? Shan Gui secretly cries the wind and rain. The sky is also jealous, and if you don't believe it, the birds and swallows are all loess. For generations to come, to be reserved for poets, to sing and drink wildly, and to visit Yanqiu.
"translation"
I went to Bingzhou to try it in the year of Ugliness B. On the way, I met a goose catcher and said, "I caught a goose today and killed it. The other one who escaped from the net did not fly away. He kept moaning in the sky (seeing his companion killed) and finally committed suicide by flying from the sky to the ground. " So I buried this wild goose, buried it in Fenshui, erected a stone as a sign, and named it "Yanqiu". Most of the people who walked with me wrote poems for this purpose, and I also wrote "Yanqiu Ci". I made a dissonance law before, but now I have revised it.
my god! Excuse me, everyone in the world, what is love that makes these two flying geese treat each other with life and death? Flying south to the north and returning to fly with me, the distant capital, let it be cold in winter and hot in summer, and still love each other. Although fly with me is happy, parting is really painful. At this moment, I know that this spoony double goose is even more spoony than the spoony children in the world! The lovers who were inseparable have passed away, and the true geese should know in their hearts that this trip to Wan Li is lonely, and the future is long. Every year, it is cold and hot, flying to Wan Li and crossing Qian Shan, and the morning breeze is dusk, and they lose the love of their lives and are alone. What's the point even if they live alone?
This Fenshui area used to be a place where Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty toured for pleasure. Whenever Emperor Wu went out on patrol, it was always full of drums and drums, singing songs everywhere, and it was so lively. Now it is cold smoke and grass, and it is desolate. Emperor Wu is dead, and evoking souls is of no help. The goddess of the mountain cries in vain, but the dead will never return! Even the heaven is jealous of the deep feelings of the two geese who are committed to life and death. The double-hearted geese will never turn into a dust like Yinger Swallow after death. Will remain famous before and after death, and will last forever. Singing and drinking, visiting the old place of Yanqiu grave to pay homage to the souls of this couple.
"Creation background"
In the fifth year of Taihe, Jin Zhangzong (AD 125), Yuan Haowen, a 16-year-old young poet, heard a goose catcher say that after one of a pair of geese in fly with me was killed, the other one fell from the sky and died of double suicide. The young poet bought this pair of geese, buried them together beside Fenshui, built a small grave called "Yanqiu", wrote a poem about Yanqiu, and later revised it, thus becoming this famous poem "Touching Fish and Yanqiu Ci".
"Appreciation"
This word is called Yong Wu, which is really lyrical. The author gallops with rich imagination, uses metaphor, personification and other artistic techniques to describe the story of the goose's double love in depth and in detail, and then sets off the tragic environment description, shaping the artistic image of the goose who is loyal to love and committed to life and death, and composing a touching and touching love elegy. The tragic death of the wild goose in the lyrics symbolizes the praise of the pure love of young men and women, which deeply entrusts the poet's progressive love ideal.
The disappearance of the emperor's grand ceremony in Ci reflects the everlasting existence of Yanqiu, which shows that pure love has a supreme position in the poet's mind and is also the refraction of the poet's simple people-oriented thought. The word "double suicide goose" will not turn into loess like Yinger and Swallow, which just emphasizes its immortal spirit of loyalty to love. Standing at the height of history, the poet wrote this spirit that will never be erased, so that readers can't help but admire his amazing insights. The emotion-worshipping consciousness in this work is consistent with the tradition of being frank and affectionate in Liao and Jin literature, related to the romantic infatuation of the poet when he was young, and also connected with the spirit of affirming personal values and desires in Dong Jieyuan's The West Chamber and later Yuan Zaju. The plot of the whole word is not complicated, but the writing is changeable. Around the first two questions, describe the story layer by layer.
There are joys of geese before their death, sorrows after their death, memories of the past, and prospects for the future. They care about the past and the future, linking up and down, putting lingering feelings in luxury, and sending life philosophy beyond love words, which is beautiful, simple and gentle, and has high artistic value. Yuan Haowen's ci works are known for their boldness and broadness. In this first poem, the poet writes tender feelings with a healthy pen, melting the majestic charm and gentle feelings in one furnace, which is indeed extremely gentle and profound. When commenting on Yuan Haowen's Ci, Liu Xizai, a Qing Dynasty poet, said that "I am quick to spare, but I am profound and graceful, which can be described as a master of the two Song Dynasties" (A Brief Introduction to Art, Ci and Qu). This poem "Yanqiu Ci" is an example of "breaking the rigid into the soft, sparing the quick, forgiving the profound and graceful".