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original text
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title
Night berth near Fengqiao
author
Ji Zhang
Rules and forms of classical poetry creation
Seven-syllable/seven-syllable quatrain
original text
On a frosty night, Jiang Feng sleeps by fishing (2).
Hanshan Temple (3) outside Gusu City, and the bell rings at midnight to the passenger ship (4).
To annotate ...
(1) Qiao Feng: Outside Nagato, Suzhou today. The title of this poem is "Sleeping at Night on Maple Bridge".
2. Jiangfeng: a maple tree by the water. Fishing fire: a lamp on a fishing boat. People who can't sleep because of worry. Later generations named the local mountain "Sorrow Sleep" because of this poem.
3. Gusu: another name for Suzhou, named after Gusu Mountain in the southwest of the city. Hanshan Temple: Near Qiao Feng, it was built in the Southern Liang Dynasty. According to legend, it was named after the Tang priest who lived in Hanshan found it.
(4) Meng Xun: At that time, the monk temple had the habit of ringing the bell at midnight, which was also called "impermanent clock". Ceng Yun in Ouyang Xiu's Poem on June 1st said: "Poets are greedy for good sentences, but they are unreasonable and their words are sick." For example, in the Tang Dynasty, there was a saying,' Hanshan Temple outside Gusu City knocks on passenger ships at midnight'. It is better for people to say it, for example, midnight is not the time to ring the bell. "Geng Xi Shi Hua" demonstrates here: "However, I used to be an official in Gusu, and every three drums were exhausted. From the beginning of the fourth drum, the bells of all temples rang. I think it has existed since the Tang Dynasty. After observing Gu Yu's poems, he said, "Be sure to know your friends at home and listen to the midnight bell of Goushan in the distance." Bai Letian said, "Under the new autumn pine, after midnight." Wen Tingyun said:' Looking back at the leisure list frequently, there is no midnight clock in the window.' So the elder said, not just Zhang. Sun Yong, a poet in the Song Dynasty, said in his quatrain "Crossing the Qiao Feng Temple": "To grow old together and dream back, the castle peak will not change its old appearance. The moon sets at the temple near the bridge, and it is still midnight to lean on the pillow. " "Poetry" said: "Zhang Ji's" Midnight Bell Knocks on Passenger Ships "tells a lot of people, all of whom were fooled by the old people. Poetry flows from the scenery only in the tone of melody, and the combination of interest and image is only a fact. How can he be idle? Whether it is right or wrong in the middle of the night, whether the bell is heard or not is unknown. " "Don't pick up the money in Tang Poetry": "Midnight bells are either wrong or there are midnight bells here, which is not a solution. If you want it, the poet can't be persistent. If you persist, then' the morning bell is wet outside the clouds',' the clock and the white clouds' and' the fallen leaves are full of sparse clocks' are all unreasonable. "
Distinguish and appreciate
This is the most famous poem in Dali. The first two sentences are full of images: falling moon, crow, frosty sky, Jiang Feng, fishing fire, sleepless people, which creates an aesthetic situation with rich meanings and rhymes. The last two sentences, the image of the city, the image of the temple, the image of the ship and the image of the bell, are an ethereal and far-reaching artistic conception. It is difficult to see things at night without a moon, fishing and fire are eye-catching, frost and snow are cold; At midnight, in silence, I heard crows and bells. With such a contrast between silence and sound, the scenery is all in love and the sound is all in my heart. The artistic conception is scattered, and the faint guest worries are touched by light and meaningful, swaying in the night sky of Gusu City, adding eternal amorous feelings to a bridge, a water, a temple and a city there, attracting people. The whole poem begins with a sad word. "Three Episodes of Tang Poetry": "The whole poem begins with' melancholy sleep', and the beauty lies in silence." "Zhaisha Tang Poetry": "The word' sad sleep' is the whole chapter." He teased the word "worry" and wrote that night in vain, tossing and turning. "Interpretation of Ancient Poetry": "This poem is the best, like a connection, like a break, like a connection."
meaning
The moon has set, crows keep crowing, autumn frost is all over the sky, maple trees on the river set off the fishing fire on the boat, leaving me alone to sleep. In the lonely and quiet Hanshan Temple outside Gusu, the bell that rang in the middle of the night reached my passenger ship.
Make an appreciative comment
"a night-mooring near maple bridge" describes an autumn night, when a poet berthed at Fengqiao outside Suzhou. The beautiful scenery of autumn night in Jiangnan water town attracted this wanderer with travel worries, which made him appreciate a meaningful poetic beauty and wrote this poem with far-reaching artistic conception. Expressed the poet's lonely and sad thoughts and feelings during his journey.
Why did the poet stay up all night? The first sentence wrote three closely related scenes: "The moon sets, crows crow and the sky is covered with frost". The first quarter moon rises early, and when the moon sets, it is about dawn, and birds in the trees will also crow at dawn. The "frost" of autumn night is suffused with the chill of soaking bones and muscles, which surrounds the poet's boat from all directions, making him feel that the vast night sky outside is filled with frost. In the second sentence, the poet used "Jiang Feng" and "fishing fire" to stay up all night.
Summary: The first two sentences describe six kinds of scenes, namely "the moon sets", "crows", "first frost is full of sky", "Jiangfeng", "fishing fire" and the guests on board who stayed up all night. The last two sentences only describe the scene of Meng Xun ringing the bell and boarding the boat at Hanshan Temple outside Gusu City. The first two sentences were seen by the poet, and the last two sentences were heard by the poet. In the silent night, I suddenly heard the distant bell. How did the poet feel when he stayed up all night? Facing the Jiang Feng fishing fire wandering in the frosty night, I felt a faint sadness. This poem "Midnight Bell" not only sets off the quietness of the night, but also reveals the depth of the night. Needless to say, the poet feels all kinds of unspeakable feelings when lying down and listening to the bell.
This poem is written in flashback, first writing the scene at dawn, and then recalling the scene last night and the midnight bell. The whole poem is full of colorful feelings and scenes.