Nie Zhongyi
Sell new silk in February and cut new grain in May.
Cured the sore in front of me, but dug out my heart.
I hope the king's heart will turn into a bright candle.
Not according to the resumption of the front banquet, but according to the escape room.
At the end of the Tang dynasty, the vast rural areas went bankrupt, and the exploitation suffered by farmers was more serious. As for displacement, they can't survive. Under such a harsh background, Nie's Mourning Tian Jia came into being, which can be compared with Li Shen's two poems "Compassion for Peasants". Some people even compare this poem with Liu Zongyuan's On the Snake Catcher, thinking that it is "concise and concise, and can be compared with Liu Wen" (A Collection of Tang Poems).
At the beginning, it reveals a typical "strange" thing in rural areas of feudal society: silkworm eggs began to grow in February and transplanting began in May. How much is the silk? Where can there be a bumper harvest (selling grain)? In fact, "selling new silk in February and harvesting new grain in May". This is "selling green"-mortgage the unproductive agricultural products at a low price in advance. What was fed and nurtured with blood and sweat was a year's food and clothing, but it was dug out. It is sad to sell the word "new". Selling green is forced by livelihood, first of all, by taxation. A book will "father plow Harada, son?" This mountain is barren. The grain is not obvious in June, and the housekeeper has repaired the warehouse. " Four sentences are integrated with this poem, revealing a message. This reminds people of a folk song: "New grain does not enter the box, and new wheat does not come out." Almost in August and September, dogs bark at empty walls. "("The Emperor Wing Chun "rhymes) What will happen to food and clothing next year is a foregone conclusion. The latter two sentences use an image metaphor: "The doctor cured the sore in front of him, but dug out his heart. "It is popular, simple and appropriate. Although "immediate sore" is a metaphor for immediate difficulties and "heart and flesh" is a metaphor for the lifeblood of farmers such as Gu Si, the amazing effect achieved by this metaphor is by no means what the concept of "taking care of the immediate future" can achieve. What a painful image it is to "dig up the flesh to mend the sore"! Only it can reveal the bloody reality in a penetrating way, which makes people unforgettable when they read it. It is true that we have never heard of it since ancient times, but it is the most enjoyable, profound and typical way of writing, so it has become a famous sentence that has been passed down through the ages.
The following is the poet's feelings in "Heart of Wishing You", which expresses his desire to improve the reality, quite in line with the spirit of "only singing makes people sick, I hope the emperor knows" (Bai Juyi's "Send"). The hope of the monarch's enlightenment here has its historical limitations, but the author's intention is mainly irony and exhortation. "May Wang Xin turn into a bright candle", that is, euphemistically point out that Wang Xin was not a "bright candle" at that time; I hope that "I will not continue the banquet at the front edge, but only escape from the house", which objectively reflects that it has always only represented the interests of the rich and has not shown sympathy for the people's sufferings, and its dissatisfaction is beyond words. The wonderful thing is to reveal that the emperor is in a daze and the world is unfair with a backward pen. The Banquet to Continue the Frontier is in sharp contrast with Escape from Home, which reflects the sharp class opposition in the polarized social reality and enhances criticism. It vividly implies the reasons for the bankruptcy of farmers selling green vegetables, and points out from the word "escape" that the result must be: "leave the land, run out of land, call for migration, die of hunger and thirst" and "migrate without dying" (Snake Catcher), which is full of the author's sympathy for Tian Jia and can be described as "concise"
On the Tang poetry, Hu Zhenheng thinks that Nie and others "washed away the pure province of undressing and felt like a family", while "Italian poetry especially involves enlightenment" (Tang Yin returns to a thousand), which can be seen from this poem. The reason can not be separated from the conciseness and clarity of language, and from the typical examples of selecting materials and creating environment.