But when it comes to taking a composition class, the students turn pale and the Chinese teacher is at a loss. Teachers and students have nothing in their hearts, and there is no scenery in their hearts.
The reason is that for students, 1 students have fewer beautiful words, sentences and essays stored in their brains. The spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak.
It's like a disk with empty files in it. How can you show what's inside? Students are lazy in thinking, afraid of hardship and thinking about problems when writing. 3 did not develop the good habit of reading accumulation.
I feel that the study time is tight, and all subjects earn time. In the long run, there is no cultural accumulation.
For Chinese teachers, there is no ready-made way to go in composition class, and composition teachers are all blind. Just blindly show the composition topic, simply guide the comments, and let the students write it themselves.
No wonder students are bored and afraid of writing. So how can we reverse students' fear and timidity in writing and the burnout of Chinese teachers in composition class? After a year of searching, I found a set of effective methods.
Students in our two classes especially like Chinese classes, especially composition classes. Their writing level has also made a qualitative leap.
The specific methods are as follows: 1. Read, accumulate and recite to stimulate students' interest and make them have answers. Writing is difficult because students accumulate less, and many students' compositions are very empty. An important reason is that they usually accumulate too little.
China is a country of poetry, and poetry and songs arouse people's emotions and make people feel relaxed and happy. The classics of ancient and modern China and foreign countries can cultivate people's sentiments and open up fertile ground for the soul.
Some literary magazines, masterpieces, full-mark compositions. Show it to readers with the most fashionable information to stimulate readers' wisdom.
Accumulate in the form of group competition. 1 Provide a reading class once a week, and judge the group with the most excerpts and accumulation in the form of group competition.
Choose two groups of outstanding people and reward them. An American English recitation contest is held every two weeks to judge and reward outstanding individuals and groups.
In order to show their personal charm and talent, students recite famous books, perfect compositions, novels, poems and songs. Through this activity, in the accumulation of reciting, the writing ability has also been improved.
Before each Chinese class, the group presented two ancient poems, a famous saying and an idiom allusion in a competition. Ask the group to show the author, origin, poetry, philosophy and feelings of this poem.
Famous sayings show students' love when they show idioms and allusions about ideals, reading, cherishing time, struggle, growth and patriotism. Group representatives write idioms on the blackboard before class, and write down the time, place, people and philosophy contained in idioms. Then show the source of idioms and allusions in Chinese class.
The combination of classroom recitation and spot-check recitation. In order to improve the display quality of ancient poems, famous sayings and idioms.
The score is set by me, full score 10, and I will get two excellent team awards every month. Fighting for the honor of the group, every group is enthusiastic.
The ancient poems displayed by the students are: "The shadows are shallow, and the fragrance is floating in the evening" and "We hope to fly in the sky, two birds are one, and grow together on the ground, two branches of a tree." Famous saying: "Perseverance can conquer any peak in the world."
Dickens Friendship needs sincerity, not the beating of one heart to another. -Lu Xun ".
Idiom: I'm unhappy, I'm a castle in the air, I'm derailed ... 2. Do a good job in composition class, make it interesting and systematic, and let students enjoy it. It is a great challenge for every Chinese teacher to have a good composition class.
Because the composition class does not have teaching plans, reference materials, courseware and audio materials like Chinese texts. There is no ready-made road and no fixed pattern in composition class, and the composition materials collected from the internet or books are mixed.
If copied, students feel that the goal is unclear and unsystematic. Students don't like dull and empty theories. In view of this phenomenon, I think deeply and explore an effective composition class.
Follow a principle: from simple to complex, from low to advanced, from shallow to deep, distinct and systematic. There are two semesters in this school year. The first semester revolves around one center: training students to use details in articles.
The second semester revolves around "how to write a good narrative?" In this center, most students don't like boring theories, but mostly like listening to stories and mastering writing skills in interesting stories. The specific methods are as follows: (1) How to describe the appearance of the characters in the first semester.
1 Characters' appearances should be described in a certain order, from the whole to the part and from top to bottom. Grasp the character's personality and inner feelings and write the character's appearance.
3 grasp the characters and write the appearance. Clever use of rhetoric (every link has composition materials inserted, which is of interest to students).
(B) Let the characters speak for themselves, how to describe the details of the characters? Small gestures, short words, detailed expressions of characters, such as an action, a look, a smile, an expression, a feature, etc. The description is enlarged so that readers can see the man and hear his voice. (3) Enlarge the details to make the narrative interesting.
By reading the interesting novel "The Grey Encounter of A Liang", students can realize their interest in magnifying details in entertainment. (D) Clever use of details to make the narrative vivid. 1 Add the expression description of characters in the language description. 2 Add modifiers before the language description. 3 Add an action description after the language description. Students feel the charm of using details skillfully through the funny novel "My Story with Him".
In the second semester (1), grasp the six elements to make the narrative complete and wonderful. 1 grasp the six elements of narrative and write poetically.
Write "After" in detail to make the narrative vivid. 3. Clever use of details makes the narrative interesting.
Narration is a style that expresses real life through narration, description and lyricism. Classification: Narrative mainly written by writers; Narrative-oriented narrative; Mainly about the narrative of scenery.
Model essay "Left Hand and Right Hand". (2) Dress up the narrative language to make your article colorful.
1 polish narrative language with rhetoric. (1) Use metaphors to add poetic beauty to the article.
(2) Using personification to add spiritual beauty to the article. (3) Use parallelism to add momentum to the article.
(4) Quote ancient poems and famous sayings to add the classical beauty of the article. Decorate narrative language with four-word phrases skillfully.
2. How to treat whether students' compositions are plagiarized? In recent years, there have been many comments on topic compositions, both praise and criticism. Here, I don't want to say anything about the topic composition itself. I just want to talk about some humble opinions on plagiarism, imitation and innovation caused by the topic composition.
Plagiarism is one of the main "charges" of topic composition, and those who oppose topic composition think that topic composition encourages plagiarism. Actually, the problem of plagiarism has existed since ancient times. Take the propositional form of composition as an example. There are plagiarism in propositional composition, plagiarism in semi-propositional composition and plagiarism in material composition. Why only oppose topic composition? There is no denying that there is plagiarism in students' compositions, but we can't deny a certain composition form just because there is plagiarism. It should be said that this is not a question of the form of composition proposition, but a question of students' writing quality and their understanding and views on plagiarism.
Plagiarism refers to copying other people's works for yourself. However, how to copy and how much to copy are always controversial. Generally speaking, plagiarism of students' compositions mainly includes the following situations: First, plagiarism of full text word by word. For example, the composition "Visiting the Earth" published by students in a composition magazine completely copied an article of the same name from the junior high school self-study textbook; The second is to put the main plot content of the model essay into your own composition and make a little processing; The third is a composition written according to the structure or expression of the model essay; The fourth is to apply some well-used sentences in the model essay to your own composition. Of these four situations, the first one is undoubtedly complete plagiarism; The second is to copy the main contents of other people's works, without their own life accumulation and material selection. Although slightly processed, it is basically plagiarism; The third kind belongs to imitation learning, which only imitates the structure or expression of the model essay and should not belong to plagiarism; The fourth kind is actually a kind of accumulation and application of language by students, which is not included in plagiarism. Therefore, we should carefully distinguish the plagiarism of students' compositions and resolutely oppose it; It's not really plagiarism, so it should be treated differently.
Plagiarism is not desirable, and imitation is a good way for students to learn to write. Imitation is to learn to do it in a ready-made way. Students learn to write, not writers. We can't use the standards of writers to demand students, let alone the standards of literary works to measure students' compositions. Since students are learning to write, there must be examples of learning; When students read a good article, they imitate the angle of conception, the method of cutting materials, the arrangement of structure and the means of expression. When writing a composition. This kind of imitation learning is a good way for students to learn writing, which should be strongly advocated, and imitation should not be equated with plagiarism. Students' compositions begin with imitating model essays, and then gradually move towards independent writing. In fact, many famous writers' works, such as Lu Xun's Diary of a Madman and Cao Yu's Thunderstorm, have traces of imitation (or reference). Therefore, we not only don't have to oppose students' imitation, but also encourage students to learn composition from imitation, learn the conception, conception and expression of excellent articles, learn the language, diction and sentence making of excellent articles, master the basic knowledge and principles of composition from imitation, learn the basic laws and methods of composition from imitation, and then move from imitation to maturity and innovation.
Of course, imitation here is by no means the same as plagiarism. We should clearly distinguish between imitation and plagiarism. Imitation mainly refers to learning writing methods. It is not a complete copy, but a combination of the writer's own things and the shaped form, thus forming his own composition. Imitation is the only way for students to learn composition, the prerequisite for students' composition to mature and the basis for students' composition innovation.
We advocate innovation, but innovation is not a castle in the air, and innovation must have a solid foundation. Without a solid writing foundation, it is impossible to write a novel and unique innovative composition. Therefore, after students learn to write by imitation and gradually reach the proficiency of composition, they can innovate their compositions. The innovation of students' composition is mainly manifested in the following aspects: First, the materials are new, that is, the materials are true, not fake and innovative. The material is not an old-fashioned example of picking up a wallet, making a car seat, and working hard in adversity, but a really new material that you have experienced personally and have real feelings. Second, new ideas. The same material can be observed and discovered from different angles and levels, so as to find problems that others have not found, refine their own novel opinions and establish the unique concept of the article. Third, the technique is novel, that is, it can break the routine and complete the common article theme with novel writing forms and expression techniques. Such as diaries, plays, letters and other forms and symbols, foil, love scenes and other means to write. Four, literary talent, that is, the language of the composition meets the stylistic requirements, unique and beautiful, good at using various rhetorical methods, rich in vocabulary, flowing and rhythmic. Of course, these innovative forms are not necessary for every composition. One or two aspects of a composition are enough, and this is an innovative composition.
Plagiarism is not desirable, imitation should exist, and innovation should be advocated. Students can write a good composition in one day. We should correctly understand the basic rules of composition, let students abandon plagiarism, start with imitation, and write innovative compositions with their own personality through repeated imitation, study and training!
3. How to write a comment on students' plagiarism in the whole composition? Your article awakens the sleeping earth like spring thunder and adds new green to a new day ... ""The teacher once told you that as long as you do one thing with your heart, you will succeed.
Isn't it? Now you can write a good hand and dare to speak in class because you are quiet and timid. You are happy for your progressive teacher. Carry forward the advantages of being polite and loving labor in the future, study hard and write carefully, then you will achieve better results, and I believe you will do it! ""When you gave your masterpiece, a beautiful painting, to the teacher for appreciation, the teacher was really proud of you. Your mother must be as excited as the teacher! It took you a lot of effort to create this painting, didn't it? I tell you, studying is like painting. As long as we are willing to work hard, we will gain more. "
"You compare the' long rope' in tug-of-war to the' indecisive child', which is so apt! Although the competition failed, your composition was a success! It would be better if the end of the composition turned my disappointment into several short revelations! You are such a sentimental child! How good you are at understanding the feelings in life. Although you are a little timid about writing, you have grasped the true meaning of writing-I am writing about my feelings. As long as you write your true feelings, the teacher must like you very much.
You are a clever and sensitive child. You once had a happy family and you loved your family. But don't you love when something unpleasant happens in your family? Call your family harmony and happiness with your intelligence and your love. How beautiful autumn is in your pen! From your composition, the teacher saw the high blue sky, golden rice fields, flying geese in the south and falling yellow leaves, all of which made me feel the beauty and magic of autumn. How I want to say to autumn: autumn! Turning decay into magical autumn, you make students' compositions more beautiful. When the teacher opens your composition book, he can always hear a burst of crying. It turned out to be punctuation, because you paid too little attention to it.
Think about it, don't you cry when the teacher despises your composition as much as you despise punctuation? Your composition can describe the autumn fields in detail, which shows that you are an observant child. But what a beautiful season autumn is. Autumn is a harvest season, and autumn is a colorful season. The teacher really hopes to feel the beautiful and poetic autumn in your article.
4.28 students plagiarized the model essay. Now in the face of that excellent composition, I will think of the plagiarism and the stiff smiling face when the teacher deliberately concealed my plagiarism.
I remember when I was in the fourth grade: I had a bad idea then. What I hated most at that time was this kind of composition class, but as long as there was a composition class, I would temporarily watch my composition for a rainy day.
In that class, what the teacher said to write, I suddenly remembered the similar composition I had read. As soon as I got my composition book, I changed the subject to avoid being discovered by others, and I also added some boring ideas from time to time to embellish it. That's it. Time has passed. Hand it in early.
I just want to finish it in a hurry, but I didn't expect my composition to be read as a model essay in the next composition class.
The teacher brought many compositions, mine is in the first one. My heart is hanging in mid-air, pounding, and the sweat on my hands unconsciously flows out. The body is shaking like an earthquake. Finally, the teacher began to read sentence by sentence. . . With the teacher's speaking speed, my heart is also rising rapidly. The last sentence broke my fear: "teacher, I have read a composition, which is an excellent composition in the composition book." Therefore, Li is also noisy and deceptive. She should be punished. " "Well, I think it's a coincidence!" The teacher gave me an obvious look. "Don't you think?" I dare not answer. I kept my head down, my ears were burning, and my face was deeper than a peach. I thought to the teacher: I'm sorry, teacher. I didn't mean to. I promise it won't happen again. I'm sorry, I'm really sorry to disappoint you.
After class, the teacher called me to the office and said to me earnestly, "The teacher knows that you don't really want to do this, but you haven't decided how to write. The teacher told you that the composition was written by others with their own efforts. Don't think it's borrowing. This is stealing, and this is wrong. Even if your writing is not good, you have your own ideas, and the teacher will praise you. I hope this will not happen again in the future. " I was moved by the teacher, and my heart slowly calmed down, but I still felt guilty and deeply blamed myself for the teacher. Your own confusion.
It is precisely because of the teacher's tolerance that I did well in the exam. If I had been an angry teacher at that time, I think I should have gone astray, and all my compositions were plagiarized. I'm still full of shame.
5. The primary school Chinese teacher encourages students to plagiarize the whole composition. Chinese in primary schools is segmented. There are requirements for copywriting, sentence cohesion, revision and continuation in grade three. , but there is no requirement for text. Therefore, teachers will not ask students to copy their compositions, and there is no so-called skill in the seventh grade. So parents and teachers can't encourage students to make things difficult. Teachers in grade three can't teach skills. Teaching skills must be unqualified teachers.
It is wrong to ask parents to find a model essay for three years. Parents can directly refuse on the grounds that such requirements exceed the standard.
Parents can't go to the Education Bureau to complain, because the new teacher has three years of adaptation, and the school can't choose a teacher, which is an upward distribution. For the headmaster, you have to use whatever teacher you give you, that is, there is no human right (election), so training will be carried out and new job training will be carried out. Because the normal teaching in colleges and universities is seriously divorced from reality, higher education is entirely academic education (I graduated after the courses I opened, and the leaders of colleges and universities simply don't care whether it is enough for social use. The phenomenon of serious disconnection is very common, and all subjects and majors are similar. Therefore, after graduation, students basically can't understand the relationship between curriculum standards and teaching materials, how to prepare lessons in the classroom under quality education, the level of preparing lessons, and the specific requirements of each section, and the phenomena that your children encounter appear.
In recent years, parents generally hate children playing with mobile phones, but it is a physiological requirement for college students to play with mobile phones, so whether it is something needed for work or not, it will not be very common. In the last eleven years, I have dealt with 700-800 new teachers and 1400 backbone teachers. I still have a say in the overall situation.
You can talk to the headmaster, but it's no use talking to your superiors. The headmaster can't dismiss the teacher, and he has no right to deduct the teacher's salary, but he will give him advice. New teachers usually fear the headmaster.
Sometimes it's no use looking for the principal. In good schools, new teachers are all old teachers for three years. The requirements are different every year. It is not until all the things that have not been learned in college are made up, and the class teacher has learned almost all the work skills, so that he will be on the right track. If there is no good old teacher or the headmaster doesn't pay attention to it, more children will become experiments, which is the case all over the country. This is the national condition. The key is that the teacher's academic qualifications don't need to be too high.
6. Whose fault should students reflect on when they plagiarize their compositions? The fault of children is rooted in adults.
Ma, editor-in-chief of Mochow, is an education expert and the winner of China Youth Social Education Special Contribution Award. He believes that middle school students' plagiarism has both internal and external causes, which is related to the overall social atmosphere.
As for middle school students, it is their own fault that they didn't keep their honest promises. As for external factors, the main reason is that adults have not created a good environment. First, utilitarian exam-oriented education leads to students' narrow life, so they have little interest in life-oriented composition. Life itself has no content, and the network and model essays have become the only "substitutes" for students' life. There is no real life, they have to imitate it. In the internet age, this writing has become the only one.
In addition, middle school students' composition topics are written by adults. In the west, such as Germany, most compositions are practical. I wrote my own little experiment and invention, but I can't do it myself, so the possibility of plagiarism is very small. However, the topics of our compositions are often "My favorite …" and "My happiest …", no matter which style is vague, it is convenient to copy. Students must observe and understand the situation by themselves, and then express their opinions. This kind of topic not only trains students' language expression ability, but also trains their learning and research ability.
In addition, the evaluation of our composition is also very problematic. Teachers generally can't accept students' descriptions of real events. For example, students write their hearts truthfully: my life is boring. The teacher must say that you are "doodling". When visiting the Jiangdongmen Memorial Hall, the teacher must make the children feel that they are "beaten because of backwardness". After playing in Xuanwu Lake, they must send out the emotion of "loving the great rivers and mountains of the motherland". This is tantamount to encouraging children to lie.
Ma believes that middle school students are energetic, active in thinking, emotional, imaginative and creative, and should be able to write good compositions. The key lies in how adults guide and treat them. A student in Shanghai told the truth in his composition. He wrote: I would like to be a pig, because pigs only need to eat, drink and sleep. This reflects the heavy burden on students. Can we reduce the burden on students from the system?