Yan's songs are all in parallel order.
Author: Gao Shi
In the twenty-sixth year of Kaiyuan, a guest came back from the suggestion of Zhang Gong (II) and wrote Song of Yan as a consolation. I feel defensive, so I am harmonious.
The northeast border of China is shrouded in smoke and dust. In order to repel the barbaric invaders, our generals left their families. Stride forward together, looks like a hero should see, and received the emperor's most cordial favor (3).
They trod gongs and drums through the elm pass between the flag and the stone. It was not until their captain in Shahai gave the order with feathers that the hunting fire of the Tatar chieftain flashed along Wolf Mountain (5).
And the mountains and rivers are cold and bleak, and Hu rides with the wind and rain. Half of us were killed at the front, but the other half are still alive, and the beautiful girls are still singing and dancing for them at the camp.
The desert in autumn is full of grass. When the sun sets, there are only a few surviving watchmen by the lonely wall. However, despite what they have done, Elm Street is still not safe.
Still in the front line, the real armor is thin, and the jade chopsticks should crow after parting (9). Still in this southern city, the young wife's heart is broken, while the soldiers on the northern border look at home in vain (10).
Floating in the side court, in a place of death and blue void, what is the degree of nothingness ahead (1 1)? Three times a day, the dark clouds of slaughter rose over the camp. All night, the drums on the hour trembled and gave a cold rumble (12).
Until the white sword was seen again, spattered with red blood, Gu Xun was never cared about on the day of death (13). However, when it comes to the hardships of the desert war, today we will mention the great general Li who lived a long time ago (14).
To annotate ...
1. Ge Yanxing: The old title of Yuefu's "Xiang He Ge Ci Ping Diao Qu" written by Cao Pi, Yu Xin is mostly the work of thinking about women and husbands.
2. Doctor Zhang Gong: This refers to Zhang Shousheng, our envoy in Youzhou. In the 23rd year of Kaiyuan, Zhang Baifu was Guo Jiangjun and an ancient counselor in recognition of his meritorious service in fighting against Qidan. Therefore, he is arrogant and doesn't care about his soldiers. In the 26th year of Kaiyuan (738), Zhang Bing was defeated by Qidan, but he concealed the defeat, lied about his exploits and bribed Niu Xiantong who was ordered to investigate. Gao Shi learned the truth from the guest and wrote this poem as a "warning".
3. Four sentences in The Han Family: In May of the 18th year of Kaiyuan (730), the Khitan and the Japanese rebelled against the Tang Dynasty. Since then, wars between the Tang Dynasty and the Qi and the Han Dynasty have continued (refer to Zi Zhi Tong Jian, Volume 2 13). General Han: It refers to General Zhang Shousheng. "Extraordinary color": abnormality gives glory.
4. "Beating drums with gold": The military sounded gold and beat drums. Guan Yu: Shanhaiguan. Wandering: continuous. Jieshi: the name of the mountain, in the north of Changli County, Hebei Province. This refers to the northeast coastal areas.
5. Feather book: an emergency military document with feathers. The vast sea: the great desert. Fire hunting: a fire that rises when hunting. Langshan: The western section of the yinshan mountains lies in the middle of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. In addition, the vast sea and Wolf Mountain refer to the battlefield at that time.
6. Author: Ling.
7. Poor autumn: late autumn. Phil (rebuffed): Turn yellow. Sui Yu Shi Ji Long Tou Yin? Quot grass flies in poor autumn, dust flies outside the Great Wall.
8. "Being a Man" two sentences: First, write that the coach is favored by the emperor and underestimates the enemy; I wrote that the soldiers struggled hard and failed to break through the encirclement of the enemy.
9. Iron clothes: refers to soldiers. Mulan Ci: Cold Light and Iron Clothes. Jade chopsticks: white chopsticks, metaphorically thinking of women's tears.
10. South of the city: south of Chang 'an, which was then a residential area for ordinary people; Northern Hebei: Yuyang (now Jixian County, Tianjin), where Jizhou was ruled by the Tang Dynasty. Here refers to the northeast battlefield.
1 1. The border wind is floating: a border court is floating, describing the turmoil in the frontier battlefield. Absolute realm: a more distant boundary. "More": more desolate and barren.
12. Three points: morning, noon and evening. Array cloud: War cloud. Diao Dou: Bronze used to tell the time when the army patrols at night.
13. Death Day: Death for chastity refers to the sacrifice of the country.
14. General Li: refers to Li Guang, a general of the Han Dynasty. He is good at fighting, always takes the lead in the battlefield and shows compassion for soldiers. He is regarded as a model of an excellent general by later generations. See Historical Records Biography of General Li.
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Smoke and dust on the northeast border cover the sky;
The generals went to the front to wipe out the fierce enemy.
The hero in my mind attaches importance to Chi's defending the country on the battlefield;
The son of heaven of the Korean family especially appreciates this spirit.
The team beating gongs and drums went out of Shanhaiguan;
The flag covers the sky and winds along the northern seashore.
A captain sent an emergency military book from the arrogant desert;
It is said that Khan burned the war to the Wolf Mountain in Inner Mongolia.
The landscape of mountains and rivers is depressed, extending to the end of the border;
The enemy's invasion was as violent as wind and rain.
Soldiers fight in the front line, half dead;
The general is still watching beautiful women's songs and dances in the camp.
In late autumn, the desert in the north is full of rotten grass;
As dusk falls, there are fewer and fewer soldiers to fight and defend in the lonely city.
Soldiers often fight to the death because of the emperor's love, regardless of stubborn enemies;
Despite efforts, the siege of Guanshan has not been lifted.
The soldiers wore armor and defended the border for a long time;
The wife at home must be in tears and always sad.
Young women dare not cry at home in Chang' an;
Recruiting people to look back at their hometown in vain on the northern border of Hebei Province.
If you want to go back to your hometown, you can cross the border by plane.
There is only vast territory and chaos in the world.
At 3 o'clock in the morning and 3 o'clock in the afternoon, there are murderous battle clouds;
The frequent fighting at night makes people shudder.
You and I look at each other, and there are blood stains on the snow-white combat knives;
Since ancient times, loyalty has died, regardless of merit.
You didn't see those soldiers who suffered on the battlefield;
I still miss General Li Guang in the Western Han Dynasty.
works appreciation
Gao Shi was ordered to leave the frontier fortress three times and wrote about 20 frontier fortress poems, the most famous of which was Ge Yanxing.
From the 18th year of Kaiyuan (730) to the 22nd of December, the Khitan invaded the border of the Tang Dynasty many times. Zhao, the envoy of the Tang Dynasty in Youzhou, was a greedy and incompetent person who could not resist. In the spring of 20 years, Xin 'an Wang Liwei led the army to win the Khitan; In the spring of 2 1 year, five generals in the Tang Dynasty were defeated, and more than 6,000 Tang Jun died. In December of the same year, Zhang Shousheng was appointed as our army's envoy to Youzhou, won the Khitan, and was rewarded the following year. Twenty-six people were defeated in Kaiyuan. Zhang concealed his failure. This poem written by Gao Shi is the war that lasted for many years.
The ideological content of the poem is rich, complex and profound: 1, praising patriotic soldiers for their heroic resistance to the enemy and hard struggle; 2. Condemn the blunder of border defense and the incompetence of generals, which led to a protracted war; Writing about the grievances in the army makes the soldiers chilling, satirizing the arrogance of the general and not caring about the soldiers; 3. sympathize with the homesickness of the soldiers in the hard war. There is contrast, criticism, resentment, irony, praise and sympathy in the poem. It involves all aspects of the combatants: the son of heaven, generals, soldiers, homesick women and enemies. It expresses the poet's complex feelings and deep thinking about this war, which is enough to represent the general attitude of scholars in the prosperous Tang Dynasty to the war, so it is known as the masterpiece of frontier poems in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Selected Poems of Tang Dynasty: "The words are shallow and profound, and the arrangement is ironic." This theory came from Three Hundred Articles, which faded in the Tang Dynasty and died out in the Song Dynasty. "Tang Poetry Express": "This is the true face of singing. "
Xu Bing (Gao Shi)